fix(maestro): skip Starting sessions in liveness watcher

A structured session still booting its adapter has no ACP handle and
no tmux pane, so the liveness pass misclassified it as a vanished
terminal session and reaped it. Claude Code adapters take long enough
to boot that the 2s liveness tick fires before the handshake finishes.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.claude/settings.local.json

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+  "permissions": {
+    "allow": [
+      "Bash(git add:*)",
+      "Bash(git commit:*)",
+      "Bash(git fetch:*)",
+      "Bash(git merge:*)",
+      "Bash(npx tsc:*)",
+      "Bash(npm run build:*)",
+      "Bash(npm install:*)",
+      "Bash(./node_modules/.bin/tsc:*)",
+      "Bash(npm test:*)",
+      "Bash(cargo check:*)",
+      "Bash(cargo clippy:*)"
+    ]
+  }
+}

Cargo.lock

@@ -1467,6 +1467,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "maestro-cli",
  "maestro-daemon",
  "maestro-tui",
+ "tempfile",
  "tokio",
  "tracing-subscriber",
 ]

crates/maestro-acp/Cargo.toml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ edition.workspace = true
 license.workspace = true
 repository.workspace = true
 publish.workspace = true
-description = "ACP client role: one claude-code-acp child per structured session"
+description = "ACP client role: one provider adapter child per structured session"
 
 [dependencies]
 agent-client-protocol.workspace = true

crates/maestro-acp/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-//! ACP client role for the daemon (#134): one `claude-code-acp` child per
-//! structured session.
+//! ACP client role for the daemon: one provider adapter child per structured
+//! session.
 //!
 //! The daemon is the client; the adapter is the agent. [`spawn`] starts the
 //! adapter as a child process with stdio pipes, in the session's `cwd` with
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
 //!
 //! **The handshake declares almost nothing.** `initialize` reports
 //! `fs.readTextFile`, `fs.writeTextFile` and `terminal` as `false`, so the
-//! adapter uses Claude Code's own Read / Write / Bash instead of asking the
-//! daemon to act on its behalf — exactly what already happens in the
-//! terminal view. `session/request_permission` is the one client method that
-//! gets a real implementation, in #139; here it is a stub that declines.
+//! adapter uses the provider's own file and command tools instead of asking
+//! the daemon to act on its behalf — exactly what already happens in the
+//! terminal view. `session/request_permission` is the one client method with
+//! a real implementation.
 //!
 //! Every `session/update` notification the adapter sends lands on an
 //! unbounded channel the session owns ([`AcpSession::take_updates`]). Nothing
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ pub const INSTALL_COMMAND: &str =
     "npm install -g --prefix ~/.local @zed-industries/claude-code-acp";
 
 /// How long `initialize` + `session/new` may take before the spawn is
-/// declared failed. The real adapter boots a node process and the Claude
-/// Code SDK behind it; a slow machine takes seconds, never a minute.
+/// declared failed. The real adapters boot a node process and their provider
+/// client behind it; a slow machine takes seconds, never a minute.
 pub const HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(60);
 
 /// How long [`AcpSession::terminate`] waits after `session/cancel` before

crates/maestro-cli/src/cli.rs

@@ -92,6 +92,14 @@ pub struct SpawnArgs {
     /// there.
     #[arg(long)]
     pub existing_branch: bool,
+    /// Run a Claude Code or Codex session in a plain terminal instead of the
+    /// structured (ACP) view it otherwise gets by default.
+    #[arg(long, conflicts_with = "structured")]
+    pub terminal: bool,
+    /// Ask for the structured (ACP) view explicitly. Only Claude Code and
+    /// Codex commands have an adapter; the daemon refuses anything else.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub structured: bool,
     /// After spawning, attach immediately.
     #[arg(long, short = 'a')]
     pub attach: bool,

crates/maestro-cli/src/sessions.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::io::Write;
 
-use maestro_protocol::display::abbreviate_dir;
+use maestro_protocol::display::{abbreviate_dir, supports_structured_view};
 use maestro_protocol::{
     ActivityState, ClientError, CreateSessionRequest, DaemonClient, DaemonInfo, SendInputRequest,
     Session, SessionStatus, SessionView, WorktreeSpec,
@@ -51,16 +51,33 @@ pub async fn run_spawn(client: &DaemonClient, args: SpawnArgs) -> Result<Session
     };
 
     let body = CreateSessionRequest {
-        view: Default::default(),
+        view: spawn_view(&args),
         cwd: args.cwd.clone(),
         command: args.command.clone(),
         env,
         metadata,
         worktree,
+        auto_approve: false,
     };
     client.create_session(&body).await
 }
 
+/// The view a `maestro spawn` asks for: structured whenever the command
+/// resolves to an agent with an ACP adapter, since that is the richer session
+/// and the one both other clients now default to. `--terminal` opts out;
+/// `--structured` forces the request through even for a command this side
+/// does not recognise, leaving the refusal to the daemon.
+fn spawn_view(args: &SpawnArgs) -> SessionView {
+    if args.terminal {
+        return SessionView::Terminal;
+    }
+    if args.structured || supports_structured_view(&args.command) {
+        SessionView::Structured
+    } else {
+        SessionView::Terminal
+    }
+}
+
 /// `maestro kill`. A forced kill (#81) retains the guarded worktree instead
 /// of removing it; the outcome names what was kept so dispatch can say where
 /// the work went.
@@ -199,6 +216,7 @@ fn print_session_table(out: &mut impl Write, sessions: &[Session], info: &Daemon
             ActivityState::Idle => "idle",
             ActivityState::AwaitingInput => "awaiting",
             ActivityState::Error => "error",
+            ActivityState::Starting => "starting",
         };
         // Show the live foreground command alongside the spawn command when
         // the daemon has observed one that differs (NAP-340).
@@ -239,6 +257,62 @@ mod tests {
 
     use super::DaemonInfo;
 
+    use clap::Parser;
+
+    use crate::cli::{Cli, Command};
+
+    fn spawn_args(extra: &[&str]) -> crate::cli::SpawnArgs {
+        let mut argv = vec!["maestro", "spawn", "--cwd", "/tmp", "--command"];
+        argv.extend_from_slice(extra);
+        let cli = Cli::try_parse_from(argv).expect("parses");
+        let Command::Spawn(args) = cli.command else {
+            panic!("expected spawn")
+        };
+        args
+    }
+
+    /// The CLI follows the two interactive clients: a command with an ACP
+    /// adapter spawns structured unless `--terminal` says otherwise, and
+    /// `--structured` still forces the request for a command this side does
+    /// not recognise.
+    #[test]
+    fn spawn_defaults_to_structured_for_supported_agents() {
+        use super::spawn_view;
+        assert_eq!(
+            spawn_view(&spawn_args(&["claude"])),
+            SessionView::Structured
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            spawn_view(&spawn_args(&["npx codex exec"])),
+            SessionView::Structured
+        );
+        assert_eq!(spawn_view(&spawn_args(&["bash"])), SessionView::Terminal);
+        assert_eq!(
+            spawn_view(&spawn_args(&["claude", "--terminal"])),
+            SessionView::Terminal
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            spawn_view(&spawn_args(&["opencode", "--structured"])),
+            SessionView::Structured
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn spawn_refuses_both_view_flags_at_once() {
+        let err = Cli::try_parse_from([
+            "maestro",
+            "spawn",
+            "--cwd",
+            "/tmp",
+            "--command",
+            "claude",
+            "--structured",
+            "--terminal",
+        ])
+        .unwrap_err();
+        assert!(err.to_string().contains("--terminal"), "{err}");
+    }
+
     fn session(cwd: &str, command: &str, id: u128) -> Session {
         Session {
             view: Default::default(),

crates/maestro-cli/tests/against_mock_daemon.rs

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ async fn info_carries_version_and_presets() {
             id: "claude".into(),
             label: "Claude".into(),
             command: "claude".into(),
+            auto_approve: false,
         }],
         ..Default::default()
     });
@@ -97,6 +98,7 @@ async fn spawn_round_trips_through_the_daemon() {
             env: Default::default(),
             metadata: Default::default(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");

crates/maestro-config/src/lib.rs

@@ -313,16 +313,19 @@ pub fn builtin_presets() -> Vec<SpawnPreset> {
             id: "claude".into(),
             label: "Claude".into(),
             command: "claude".into(),
+            auto_approve: false,
         },
         SpawnPreset {
             id: "opencode".into(),
             label: "opencode".into(),
             command: "opencode".into(),
+            auto_approve: false,
         },
         SpawnPreset {
             id: "zsh".into(),
             label: "Shell".into(),
             command: "zsh".into(),
+            auto_approve: false,
         },
     ]
 }
@@ -334,6 +337,7 @@ pub fn custom_preset() -> SpawnPreset {
         id: CUSTOM_PRESET_ID.into(),
         label: "Custom…".into(),
         command: String::new(),
+        auto_approve: false,
     }
 }
 
@@ -515,6 +519,7 @@ auto_install = false
                 id: "fish".into(),
                 label: "fish".into(),
                 command: "fish".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             }]),
             ..Default::default()
         };
@@ -551,6 +556,7 @@ auto_install = false
                 id: "  ".into(),
                 label: "x".into(),
                 command: "x".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             }]),
             ..Default::default()
         };
@@ -561,6 +567,7 @@ auto_install = false
                 id: "x".into(),
                 label: "x".into(),
                 command: "".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             }]),
             ..Default::default()
         };
@@ -578,11 +585,13 @@ auto_install = false
                     id: "a".into(),
                     label: "a".into(),
                     command: "a".into(),
+                    auto_approve: false,
                 },
                 SpawnPreset {
                     id: "a".into(),
                     label: "a2".into(),
                     command: "a2".into(),
+                    auto_approve: false,
                 },
             ]),
             ..Default::default()
@@ -597,6 +606,7 @@ auto_install = false
                 id: "custom".into(),
                 label: "Custom".into(),
                 command: "whatever".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             }]),
             ..Default::default()
         };

crates/maestro-daemon/src/local_api.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use axum::extract::{Path, Query, State};
+use axum::body::Bytes;
+use axum::extract::{DefaultBodyLimit, Path, Query, State};
 use axum::http::StatusCode;
 use axum::response::{IntoResponse, Response};
 use axum::routing::{any, delete, get, post};
@@ -70,6 +71,10 @@ pub fn router(state: LocalApiState) -> Router {
         .route(routes::patterns::STRUCTURED, any(structured_ws))
         .route(routes::patterns::STRUCTURED_REPLAY, get(structured_replay))
         .route(routes::patterns::STRUCTURED_PROMPT, post(structured_prompt))
+        .route(
+            routes::patterns::STRUCTURED_ATTACHMENT,
+            post(structured_attachment).layer(DefaultBodyLimit::max(20 * 1024 * 1024)),
+        )
         .route(routes::patterns::STRUCTURED_CANCEL, post(structured_cancel))
         .route(routes::patterns::STRUCTURED_CONFIG, post(structured_config))
         .route(
@@ -175,7 +180,7 @@ fn dir_error_status(code: &str) -> StatusCode {
 fn session_error_status(code: &str) -> StatusCode {
     match code {
         "not_found" => StatusCode::NOT_FOUND,
-        "invalid_env" => StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
+        "invalid_env" | "bad_request" => StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
         // A guard refusal is the daemon doing its job, not a failure (#79).
         "kill_guarded" => StatusCode::CONFLICT,
         // The session outlived its pane: nothing to type into, and nothing
@@ -432,13 +437,55 @@ async fn structured_replay(
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct AttachmentQuery {
+    name: String,
+}
+
+async fn structured_attachment(
+    State(s): State<LocalApiState>,
+    Path(id): Path<Uuid>,
+    Query(query): Query<AttachmentQuery>,
+    bytes: Bytes,
+) -> Response {
+    let name = query.name;
+    if name.is_empty()
+        || name.len() > 180
+        || name == "."
+        || name == ".."
+        || name
+            .chars()
+            .any(|c| c.is_control() || c == '/' || c == '\\')
+    {
+        return error_response(
+            StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
+            "invalid_filename",
+            "use a filename without directory separators, up to 180 bytes",
+        );
+    }
+    match s.manager.store_acp_attachment(id, &name, &bytes).await {
+        Ok(Some(path)) => Json(serde_json::json!({ "path": path })).into_response(),
+        Ok(None) => error_response(
+            StatusCode::CONFLICT,
+            "not_structured",
+            "session is not a live structured session",
+        ),
+        Err(e) => {
+            let info = e.to_error_info();
+            error_response(session_error_status(&info.code), &info.code, &info.message)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 async fn structured_prompt(
     State(s): State<LocalApiState>,
     Path(id): Path<Uuid>,
     Json(body): Json<StructuredPromptRequest>,
 ) -> Response {
     match s.manager.queue_acp_prompt(id, body.prompt).await {
-        Ok(QueueAcpPrompt::Queued) => StatusCode::NO_CONTENT.into_response(),
+        Ok(QueueAcpPrompt::Queued) | Ok(QueueAcpPrompt::Pending) => {
+            StatusCode::NO_CONTENT.into_response()
+        }
         Ok(QueueAcpPrompt::InFlight) => error_response(
             StatusCode::CONFLICT,
             "turn_in_flight",

crates/maestro-daemon/src/session.rs

@@ -6,12 +6,9 @@
 //! handler interact with tmux.
 
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
-use std::future::Future;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
-use std::pin::Pin;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU64, AtomicUsize, Ordering};
 use std::sync::{Arc, Weak};
-use std::task::{Context, Poll};
 use std::time::Duration;
 
 use chrono::Utc;
@@ -122,6 +119,12 @@ pub struct SessionRecord {
     /// Completion signal for the task draining ACP notifications into the
     /// event log. Shutdown waits for it before returning.
     acp_event_pump: Option<watch::Receiver<bool>>,
+    /// When `true`, the permission pump auto-responds `AllowAlways` to every
+    /// ACP permission request without surfacing it to clients.
+    pub auto_approve: bool,
+    /// A prompt submitted while the adapter was still booting (`Starting`).
+    /// The background handshake task drains this on success.
+    pub pending_prompt: Option<String>,
 }
 
 impl SessionRecord {
@@ -131,6 +134,13 @@ impl SessionRecord {
             && self.acp.is_some()
             && self.acp_events.is_some()
     }
+
+    /// The session is structured and still booting its adapter.
+    fn is_starting_structured(&self) -> bool {
+        self.session.view == SessionView::Structured
+            && self.session.activity == ActivityState::Starting
+            && self.acp.is_none()
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -205,6 +215,8 @@ pub enum SessionError {
     NotTerminal(Uuid),
     #[error("daemon is shutting down")]
     ShuttingDown,
+    #[error("bad request: {0}")]
+    BadRequest(String),
     /// The kill was refused (#79): the session's worktree holds unsaved work.
     /// Nothing happened — the session keeps running and the tree is untouched,
     /// so it stays the operator's handle on their own unfinished work.
@@ -224,6 +236,8 @@ pub enum BeginAcpTurn {
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum QueueAcpPrompt {
     Queued,
+    /// The adapter is still booting; the prompt is held until it is ready.
+    Pending,
     InFlight,
     Unavailable,
     Failed(String),
@@ -250,6 +264,7 @@ impl SessionError {
             SessionError::NotRunning(_) => "not_running",
             SessionError::NotTerminal(_) => "not_terminal",
             SessionError::ShuttingDown => "shutting_down",
+            SessionError::BadRequest(_) => "bad_request",
             SessionError::KillGuarded(_) => "kill_guarded",
         };
         let unsaved_work = match self {
@@ -317,18 +332,6 @@ struct StructuredLifecycle {
 }
 
 impl StructuredLifecycle {
-    fn admit<'a>(
-        &'a self,
-        shutting_down: &AtomicBool,
-    ) -> Result<StructuredCreate<'a>, SessionError> {
-        let _gate = self.gate.lock().expect("structured lifecycle gate");
-        if shutting_down.load(Ordering::Acquire) {
-            return Err(SessionError::ShuttingDown);
-        }
-        self.in_flight.fetch_add(1, Ordering::AcqRel);
-        Ok(StructuredCreate { lifecycle: self })
-    }
-
     async fn wait_until_settled(&self) {
         loop {
             let settled = self.settled.notified();
@@ -340,30 +343,18 @@ impl StructuredLifecycle {
     }
 }
 
-struct StructuredCreate<'a> {
-    lifecycle: &'a StructuredLifecycle,
-}
-
-impl Drop for StructuredCreate<'_> {
-    fn drop(&mut self) {
-        if self.lifecycle.in_flight.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::AcqRel) == 1 {
-            self.lifecycle.settled.notify_one();
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-struct AdmittedStructuredCreate<'a> {
-    create: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<Session, SessionError>> + Send + 'a>>,
-    /// Field order matters: dropping a cancelled create rolls back its inner
-    /// future before this permit releases shutdown's in-flight barrier.
-    _permit: StructuredCreate<'a>,
-}
-
-impl Future for AdmittedStructuredCreate<'_> {
-    type Output = Result<Session, SessionError>;
-
-    fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
-        self.create.as_mut().poll(cx)
+/// Release the structured-lifecycle in-flight counter that `create` acquires
+/// before spawning the background ACP handshake task. Called when the task
+/// finishes (success or failure) or when `create_inner` fails before the task
+/// is spawned.
+fn drop_structured_lifecycle_permit(inner: &Inner) {
+    if inner
+        .structured_lifecycle
+        .in_flight
+        .fetch_sub(1, Ordering::AcqRel)
+        == 1
+    {
+        inner.structured_lifecycle.settled.notify_one();
     }
 }
 
@@ -604,6 +595,36 @@ impl SessionManager {
         Ok(Some(replay))
     }
 
+    /// Store attachment bytes for a live structured session.
+    pub async fn store_acp_attachment(
+        &self,
+        id: Uuid,
+        name: &str,
+        bytes: &[u8],
+    ) -> Result<Option<std::path::PathBuf>, SessionError> {
+        {
+            let sessions = self.inner.sessions.lock().await;
+            let record = sessions.get(&id).ok_or(SessionError::NotFound(id))?;
+            if !record.is_live_structured() {
+                return Ok(None);
+            }
+        }
+        let dir = self.inner.sidecar.dir().join(format!("{id}.attachments"));
+        tokio::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).await?;
+        let dir = tokio::fs::canonicalize(dir).await?;
+        let path = dir.join(format!("{}-{name}", Uuid::new_v4()));
+        let mut file = tokio::fs::OpenOptions::new()
+            .write(true)
+            .create_new(true)
+            .mode(0o600)
+            .open(&path)
+            .await?;
+        use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt;
+        file.write_all(bytes).await?;
+        file.sync_all().await?;
+        Ok(Some(path))
+    }
+
     /// Subscribe to the two projections of a structured session's ACP log.
     ///
     /// The transcript snapshot and whole reduced state are folded once by the
@@ -627,7 +648,9 @@ impl SessionManager {
         let stream = {
             let sessions = self.inner.sessions.lock().await;
             let record = sessions.get(&id).ok_or(SessionError::NotFound(id))?;
-            if !record.is_live_structured() {
+            // Allow connecting while the adapter is still booting
+            // (`Starting`) — the event stream exists, it is just empty.
+            if !record.is_live_structured() && !record.is_starting_structured() {
                 return Ok(None);
             }
             let Some(stream) = &record.acp_events else {
@@ -712,8 +735,14 @@ impl SessionManager {
         text: String,
     ) -> Result<QueueAcpPrompt, SessionError> {
         let (acp, stream) = {
-            let sessions = self.inner.sessions.lock().await;
-            let record = sessions.get(&id).ok_or(SessionError::NotFound(id))?;
+            let mut sessions = self.inner.sessions.lock().await;
+            let record = sessions.get_mut(&id).ok_or(SessionError::NotFound(id))?;
+            // While the adapter is booting, stash the prompt for the
+            // background handshake task to drain on success.
+            if record.is_starting_structured() {
+                record.pending_prompt = Some(text);
+                return Ok(QueueAcpPrompt::Pending);
+            }
             if !record.is_live_structured() {
                 return Ok(QueueAcpPrompt::Unavailable);
             }
@@ -1184,17 +1213,42 @@ impl SessionManager {
     }
 
     /// Spawn a new session. On success returns the freshly-created `Session`.
+    ///
+    /// For structured sessions, the ACP handshake runs in a background task
+    /// after the session is registered — the HTTP caller gets an instant
+    /// response with `activity: Starting`. The `StructuredLifecycle` gate is
+    /// held across the background task so `shutdown()` waits for it.
     pub async fn create(&self, req: CreateSessionRequest) -> Result<Session, SessionError> {
         if req.view == SessionView::Structured {
-            let permit = self
+            // Acquire the lifecycle gate synchronously (rejects if shutting
+            // down). The background handshake task calls
+            // `drop_structured_lifecycle_permit` when it finishes; we must
+            // not use the RAII `StructuredCreate` because it would drop at
+            // the end of `create_inner`, before the handshake completes.
+            let _gate = self
                 .inner
                 .structured_lifecycle
-                .admit(&self.inner.shutting_down)?;
-            return AdmittedStructuredCreate {
-                create: Box::pin(self.create_inner(req)),
-                _permit: permit,
+                .gate
+                .lock()
+                .expect("structured lifecycle gate");
+            if self.inner.shutting_down.load(Ordering::Acquire) {
+                return Err(SessionError::ShuttingDown);
             }
-            .await;
+            self.inner
+                .structured_lifecycle
+                .in_flight
+                .fetch_add(1, Ordering::AcqRel);
+            drop(_gate);
+
+            return match self.create_inner(req).await {
+                Ok(session) => Ok(session),
+                Err(e) => {
+                    // create_inner failed before spawning the background
+                    // task, so release the permit here.
+                    drop_structured_lifecycle_permit(&self.inner);
+                    Err(e)
+                }
+            };
         }
         self.create_inner(req).await
     }
@@ -1256,32 +1310,39 @@ impl SessionManager {
         {
             session_env.insert("MAESTRO_URL".into(), url);
         }
-        // A structured session (#134) gets no tmux pane: the agent is a
-        // child of the daemon, driven over ACP. An adapter that cannot come
-        // up still yields a session — Dead, with the reason on it — so the
-        // operator sees what to fix instead of a silently missing session.
-        let (acp, acp_failure) = match req.view {
-            SessionView::Structured => match structured_adapter(&req.command) {
-                Err(error) => (None, Some(error)),
-                Ok(adapter) => match maestro_acp::spawn(
-                    SpawnConfig::new(
-                        &effective_cwd,
-                        session_env
-                            .iter()
-                            .map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.clone()))
-                            .collect(),
-                    )
-                    .adapter(adapter),
-                )
-                .await
-                {
-                    Ok(acp) => (Some(Arc::new(acp)), None),
-                    Err(e) => {
-                        tracing::warn!(%id, error = %e, "structured session: adapter failed to start");
-                        (None, Some(e.to_string()))
+        // ── Structured path: validate adapter, open event log, register
+        // the session immediately with `Starting`, then handshake in the
+        // background so the HTTP caller gets an instant response.
+        //
+        // ── Terminal path: unchanged — tmux spawn is fast enough to stay
+        // synchronous.
+        // Structured: validate adapter, open event log eagerly. Terminal:
+        // spawn the tmux pane synchronously (it is fast).
+        let structured_spawn = match req.view {
+            SessionView::Structured => {
+                // Fail fast on an unsupported command before touching disk.
+                let adapter = structured_adapter(&req.command).map_err(SessionError::BadRequest)?;
+                // Open the event log eagerly so the structured WS can
+                // connect before the adapter is up.
+                let acp_events = match self.inner.sidecar.open_events(id) {
+                    Ok(log) => {
+                        let (tx, _) = broadcast::channel(EVENTS_CAPACITY);
+                        let (projected_tx, _) = broadcast::channel(EVENTS_CAPACITY);
+                        Arc::new(Mutex::new(AcpEventStream {
+                            log,
+                            live: tx,
+                            projection: Projection::default(),
+                            projected_live: projected_tx,
+                            pending_approvals: HashMap::new(),
+                            operation: Arc::new(Mutex::new(())),
+                            dispatch: AcpDispatchState::default(),
+                            activity_sequence: 0,
+                        }))
                     }
-                },
-            },
+                    Err(e) => return Err(SessionError::Sidecar(e)),
+                };
+                Some((adapter, acp_events))
+            }
             SessionView::Terminal => {
                 let spawned = {
                     let tmux = self.inner.tmux.clone();
@@ -1295,53 +1356,10 @@ impl SessionManager {
                 if let Err(e) = spawned {
                     return Err(SessionError::Tmux(e));
                 }
-                (None, None)
+                None
             }
         };
 
-        let acp_events = if let Some(acp) = &acp {
-            let persisted =
-                match self
-                    .inner
-                    .sidecar
-                    .read_events(id, EventCursor::Since(0), usize::MAX)
-                {
-                    Ok(events) => events,
-                    Err(error) => {
-                        acp.terminate(maestro_acp::CANCEL_GRACE, maestro_acp::TERM_GRACE)
-                            .await;
-                        return Err(SessionError::Sidecar(error));
-                    }
-                };
-            match self.inner.sidecar.open_events(id) {
-                Ok(log) => {
-                    let (tx, _) = broadcast::channel(EVENTS_CAPACITY);
-                    let (projected_tx, _) = broadcast::channel(EVENTS_CAPACITY);
-                    let mut projection = Projection::default();
-                    for event in &persisted {
-                        apply_persisted_event(&mut projection, event);
-                    }
-                    Some(Arc::new(Mutex::new(AcpEventStream {
-                        log,
-                        live: tx,
-                        projection,
-                        projected_live: projected_tx,
-                        pending_approvals: HashMap::new(),
-                        operation: Arc::new(Mutex::new(())),
-                        dispatch: AcpDispatchState::default(),
-                        activity_sequence: 0,
-                    })))
-                }
-                Err(e) => {
-                    acp.terminate(maestro_acp::CANCEL_GRACE, maestro_acp::TERM_GRACE)
-                        .await;
-                    return Err(SessionError::Sidecar(e));
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            None
-        };
-
         // Capture spawn-history inputs before `req` is partially moved into
         // `session`. `history_cwd` is the *chosen* working dir (the request
         // `cwd`), not a generated worktree checkout path — that's what the
@@ -1351,10 +1369,13 @@ impl SessionManager {
         resolve_name(&mut metadata);
         let worktree_branch = req.worktree.as_ref().map(|w| w.branch.clone());
 
+        let is_structured = structured_spawn.is_some();
+        let events_arc = structured_spawn.as_ref().map(|(_, e)| e.clone());
+
         let session = Session {
             id,
-            cwd: effective_cwd,
-            command: req.command,
+            cwd: effective_cwd.clone(),
+            command: req.command.clone(),
             env: req.env,
             metadata,
             worktree: worktree_path.as_ref().zip(worktree_base_repo.as_ref()).map(
@@ -1363,67 +1384,41 @@ impl SessionManager {
                     base_repo: base_repo.clone(),
                 },
             ),
-            status: if acp_failure.is_some() {
-                SessionStatus::Dead
-            } else {
-                SessionStatus::Running
-            },
+            status: SessionStatus::Running,
             created_at: Utc::now(),
-            // A terminal spawn begins active until its watcher sees otherwise;
-            // a structured spawn has no turn yet and begins idle.
             foreground: None,
-            activity: match (req.view, acp_failure.is_some()) {
-                (_, true) => ActivityState::Error,
-                (SessionView::Structured, false) => ActivityState::Idle,
-                (SessionView::Terminal, false) => ActivityState::Active,
+            activity: if is_structured {
+                ActivityState::Starting
+            } else {
+                ActivityState::Active
             },
-            activity_detail: acp_failure,
+            activity_detail: None,
             last_activity_at: Utc::now(),
             activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
-
             current_cwd: None,
-            // The watcher fills this in on its first blocked-work pass; a
-            // fresh tree has nothing in the way anyway.
             blocked_work: None,
             last_focused_at: None,
-            acp_session_id: acp.as_ref().map(|a| a.session_id().to_string()),
+            acp_session_id: None,
             view: req.view,
         };
 
         if let Err(e) = self.inner.sidecar.write(&session) {
-            // The process already started; end it so no ghost survives a
-            // failed sidecar write, then unwind the FIFO + worktree.
-            match &acp {
-                Some(acp) => {
-                    acp.terminate(maestro_acp::CANCEL_GRACE, maestro_acp::TERM_GRACE)
-                        .await
-                }
-                None => {
-                    let tmux = self.inner.tmux.clone();
-                    let _ = tmux_blocking(move || tmux.kill_session(id)).await;
-                }
+            if !is_structured {
+                let tmux = self.inner.tmux.clone();
+                let _ = tmux_blocking(move || tmux.kill_session(id)).await;
             }
             return Err(SessionError::Sidecar(e));
         }
 
-        let event_pump = acp
-            .as_ref()
-            .zip(acp_events.as_ref())
-            .map(|(acp, events)| (acp.clone(), events.clone()));
         {
             let mut sessions = self.inner.sessions.lock().await;
-            let event_pump = event_pump.map(|(acp, events)| {
-                let done = start_acp_event_pump(&self.inner, id, &acp, events.clone());
-                start_acp_permission_pump(&self.inner, id, &acp, events);
-                done
-            });
             sessions.insert(
                 id,
                 SessionRecord {
                     session: session.clone(),
                     fifo_path,
-                    worktree_path,
-                    worktree_base_repo,
+                    worktree_path: worktree_path.clone(),
+                    worktree_base_repo: worktree_base_repo.clone(),
                     bridge,
                     reported_activity: None,
                     settled: false,
@@ -1431,10 +1426,12 @@ impl SessionManager {
                     naming: false,
                     focused_since: None,
                     awaiting_suppressed: false,
-                    acp,
-                    acp_events,
+                    acp: None,
+                    acp_events: events_arc,
                     structured_activity_watermark: None,
-                    acp_event_pump: event_pump,
+                    acp_event_pump: None,
+                    auto_approve: req.auto_approve,
+                    pending_prompt: None,
                 },
             );
         }
@@ -1463,6 +1460,78 @@ impl SessionManager {
         }
 
         pending.commit();
+
+        // ── Background ACP handshake for structured sessions ──
+        //
+        // The session is registered and visible to clients. The adapter
+        // spawn + handshake runs in a background task; on completion it
+        // fills in `acp`, starts the event/permission pumps, and
+        // transitions activity from `Starting` to `Idle` (or to `Error`
+        // on failure). The `StructuredLifecycle` permit is held until the
+        // task finishes so `shutdown()` waits for it.
+        if let Some((adapter, events)) = structured_spawn {
+            let inner = self.inner.clone();
+            let env: HashMap<String, String> = session_env
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.clone()))
+                .collect();
+            let cwd = effective_cwd;
+            let auto_approve = req.auto_approve;
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let result = maestro_acp::spawn(SpawnConfig::new(&cwd, env).adapter(adapter)).await;
+
+                match result {
+                    Ok(acp_session) => {
+                        let acp = Arc::new(acp_session);
+                        let done = start_acp_event_pump(&inner, id, &acp, events.clone());
+                        start_acp_permission_pump(&inner, id, &acp, events.clone(), auto_approve);
+                        // Drain any prompt submitted while Starting.
+                        let pending_prompt = {
+                            let mut sessions = inner.sessions.lock().await;
+                            let Some(record) = sessions.get_mut(&id) else {
+                                // Session was killed while we were booting.
+                                acp.terminate(maestro_acp::CANCEL_GRACE, maestro_acp::TERM_GRACE)
+                                    .await;
+                                drop_structured_lifecycle_permit(&inner);
+                                return;
+                            };
+                            record.acp = Some(acp.clone());
+                            record.acp_event_pump = Some(done);
+                            record.session.acp_session_id = Some(acp.session_id().to_string());
+                            record.session.activity = ActivityState::Idle;
+                            record.session.activity_since = Utc::now();
+                            let _ = inner.sidecar.write(&record.session);
+                            let _ = inner.events.send(CatalogEvent::SessionUpdated {
+                                session: record.session.clone(),
+                            });
+                            record.pending_prompt.take()
+                        };
+                        if let Some(prompt) = pending_prompt {
+                            let manager = SessionManager {
+                                inner: inner.clone(),
+                            };
+                            let _ = manager.queue_acp_prompt(id, prompt).await;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        tracing::warn!(%id, error = %e, "structured session: adapter failed to start");
+                        let mut sessions = inner.sessions.lock().await;
+                        if let Some(record) = sessions.get_mut(&id) {
+                            record.session.status = SessionStatus::Dead;
+                            record.session.activity = ActivityState::Error;
+                            record.session.activity_detail = Some(e.to_string());
+                            record.session.activity_since = Utc::now();
+                            let _ = inner.sidecar.write(&record.session);
+                            let _ = inner.events.send(CatalogEvent::SessionUpdated {
+                                session: record.session.clone(),
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                drop_structured_lifecycle_permit(&inner);
+            });
+        }
+
         Ok(session)
     }
 
@@ -1647,6 +1716,8 @@ impl SessionManager {
                     acp_events: None,
                     structured_activity_watermark: None,
                     acp_event_pump: None,
+                    auto_approve: false,
+                    pending_prompt: None,
                 },
             );
             let _ = self
@@ -1824,11 +1895,15 @@ impl SessionManager {
                     acp_events,
                     structured_activity_watermark: None,
                     acp_event_pump: None,
+                    // Recovery cannot know the original preset's flag; the
+                    // operator re-enables it by restarting with the preset.
+                    auto_approve: false,
+                    pending_prompt: None,
                 },
             );
             if let Some((acp, events)) = event_pump {
                 let done = start_acp_event_pump(&self.inner, id, &acp, events.clone());
-                start_acp_permission_pump(&self.inner, id, &acp, events);
+                start_acp_permission_pump(&self.inner, id, &acp, events, false);
                 if let Some(record) = self.inner.sessions.lock().await.get_mut(&id) {
                     record.acp_event_pump = Some(done);
                 }
@@ -2283,6 +2358,11 @@ async fn apply_structured_activity(
     if record.session.view != SessionView::Structured {
         return;
     }
+    // While the adapter is still booting, the background handshake task
+    // owns the activity state — the activity pass must not overwrite it.
+    if record.session.activity == ActivityState::Starting {
+        return;
+    }
     let current_events = record.acp_events.as_ref();
     match (expected_events, current_events) {
         (Some((expected, sequence)), Some(current)) if Arc::ptr_eq(expected, current) => {
@@ -2327,6 +2407,7 @@ fn start_acp_permission_pump(
     id: Uuid,
     acp: &Arc<AcpSession>,
     events: Arc<Mutex<AcpEventStream>>,
+    auto_approve: bool,
 ) {
     let Some(mut requests) = acp.take_permission_requests() else {
         return;
@@ -2340,6 +2421,12 @@ fn start_acp_permission_pump(
             response,
         }) = requests.recv().await
         {
+            if auto_approve {
+                let outcome =
+                    permission_outcome(ApprovalDecision::AllowForSession, &request.options);
+                let _ = response.send(outcome);
+                continue;
+            }
             let mut events = events.lock().await;
             if events.projection.active_turn() != Some(turn) {
                 let _ = response.send(maestro_acp::schema::RequestPermissionOutcome::Cancelled);
@@ -2541,6 +2628,12 @@ async fn run_liveness_pass(inner: &Arc<Inner>) {
         let mut tmux_backed = Vec::new();
         let mut acp_backed = Vec::new();
         for (id, record) in running {
+            if record.is_starting_structured() {
+                // The adapter hasn't finished its handshake yet — no ACP
+                // handle and no tmux pane. Skip; the background task owns
+                // this session's lifecycle until the handshake settles.
+                continue;
+            }
             match &record.acp {
                 Some(acp) => acp_backed.push((*id, acp.clone())),
                 None => tmux_backed.push(*id),
@@ -3060,6 +3153,7 @@ mod tests {
             env: std::collections::HashMap::new(),
             metadata: std::collections::HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         }
     }
 

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/acp.rs

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ fn structured_command(
         env,
         metadata: HashMap::new(),
         worktree: None,
+        auto_approve: false,
     }
 }
 
@@ -129,6 +130,25 @@ async fn wait_for_exit(pid: u32) {
     assert!(!pid_alive(pid), "pid {pid} still alive");
 }
 
+/// Wait for a session's background ACP handshake to complete (activity
+/// transitions out of `Starting`). Returns the refreshed session.
+async fn wait_for_ready(manager: &SessionManager, id: uuid::Uuid) -> maestro_protocol::Session {
+    let deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(10);
+    loop {
+        let session = manager
+            .snapshot()
+            .await
+            .into_iter()
+            .find(|s| s.id == id)
+            .expect("session exists");
+        if session.activity != ActivityState::Starting {
+            return session;
+        }
+        assert!(Instant::now() < deadline, "handshake timed out");
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(20)).await;
+    }
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn structured_spawn_starts_the_adapter_in_cwd_with_session_env() {
     let fx = DaemonFixture::new();
@@ -137,7 +157,7 @@ async fn structured_spawn_starts_the_adapter_in_cwd_with_session_env() {
     let mut env = fake.env();
     env.insert("FAKE_ACP_ECHO_ENV".into(), "MAESTRO_SESSION_ID".into());
 
-    let session = fx
+    let created = fx
         .manager
         .create(structured_command(
             cwd.path(),
@@ -147,8 +167,12 @@ async fn structured_spawn_starts_the_adapter_in_cwd_with_session_env() {
         .await
         .expect("create");
 
-    assert_eq!(session.view, SessionView::Structured);
-    assert_eq!(session.status, SessionStatus::Running);
+    assert_eq!(created.view, SessionView::Structured);
+    assert_eq!(created.status, SessionStatus::Running);
+    assert_eq!(created.activity, ActivityState::Starting);
+    assert!(created.acp_session_id.is_none());
+
+    let session = wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, created.id).await;
     assert_eq!(session.activity, ActivityState::Idle);
     let acp_id = session.acp_session_id.clone().expect("acp session id");
     assert!(acp_id.starts_with("fake-"), "{acp_id}");
@@ -163,7 +187,7 @@ async fn structured_spawn_starts_the_adapter_in_cwd_with_session_env() {
         "{log}"
     );
     assert!(
-        log.contains(&format!("env MAESTRO_SESSION_ID={}", session.id)),
+        log.contains(&format!("env MAESTRO_SESSION_ID={}", created.id)),
         "{log}"
     );
 
@@ -231,6 +255,7 @@ async fn structured_activity_tracks_turn_completion_and_failure() {
         .create(structured_command(cwd.path(), env, "codex"))
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    let session = wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
 
     assert!(matches!(
         fx.manager
@@ -294,11 +319,12 @@ async fn projection_snapshot_and_live_stream_share_one_fold() {
     let fx = DaemonFixture::new();
     let fake = Fake::new();
     let cwd = TempDir::new().unwrap();
-    let session = fx
+    let created = fx
         .manager
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), fake.env()))
         .await
         .expect("create");
+    let session = wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, created.id).await;
 
     wait_for_async(Duration::from_secs(5), || async {
         fx.manager
@@ -396,6 +422,7 @@ async fn queued_prompt_is_a_durable_user_transcript_row() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), fake.env()))
         .await
         .expect("create");
+    let session = wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
 
     assert!(matches!(
         fx.manager
@@ -441,6 +468,7 @@ async fn stale_turn_completion_cannot_end_the_next_turn() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), fake.env()))
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
 
     let maestro_daemon::session::BeginAcpTurn::Started(_, first) =
         fx.manager.begin_acp_turn(session.id).await.unwrap()
@@ -484,6 +512,7 @@ async fn cancelled_prompt_that_never_settles_fails_the_session() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), env))
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
 
     assert!(matches!(
         fx.manager
@@ -522,6 +551,7 @@ async fn cancellation_settlement_allows_the_next_prompt_permission() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), env))
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
 
     assert!(matches!(
         fx.manager
@@ -581,11 +611,12 @@ async fn recovery_loads_the_acp_session_without_duplicating_history() {
     let mut env = fake.env();
     env.insert("FAKE_ACP_LOAD_REPLAY".into(), "2".into());
 
-    let session = fx
+    let created = fx
         .manager
         .create(structured_command(cwd.path(), env, "codex"))
         .await
         .expect("create");
+    let session = wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, created.id).await;
     let acp_id = session.acp_session_id.clone().expect("acp id");
     wait_for_async(Duration::from_secs(5), || async {
         fx.manager
@@ -705,10 +736,12 @@ async fn shutdown_preserves_a_pristine_structured_worktree_for_recovery() {
                 branch: branch.into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
     assert_eq!(session.cwd, worktree);
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
     push_all_to_origin(repo.path(), origin.path());
 
     fx.manager.shutdown().await;
@@ -757,6 +790,7 @@ async fn failed_recovery_cleans_its_fifo() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), fake.env()))
         .await
         .expect("create");
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
     let old_pid = fake.pid();
     fx.manager.shutdown().await;
     wait_for_exit(old_pid).await;
@@ -790,12 +824,15 @@ async fn missing_adapter_yields_a_failed_session_naming_the_install_command() {
         empty.path().to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
     )]);
 
-    let session = fx
+    let created = fx
         .manager
         .create(structured_command(cwd.path(), env, "codex"))
         .await
-        .expect("a failed session, not an error");
+        .expect("create registers a Starting session");
+    assert_eq!(created.activity, ActivityState::Starting);
 
+    // The background handshake fails because the adapter binary is missing.
+    let session = wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, created.id).await;
     assert_eq!(session.status, SessionStatus::Dead);
     assert_eq!(session.activity, ActivityState::Error);
     let detail = session.activity_detail.clone().expect("actionable detail");
@@ -808,13 +845,13 @@ async fn missing_adapter_yields_a_failed_session_naming_the_install_command() {
 
     // It is a real session: listed, on disk, and dismissable like any other
     // dead one.
-    assert!(fx.manager.has(session.id).await);
+    assert!(fx.manager.has(created.id).await);
     assert!(fx
         .sidecar_dir()
-        .join(format!("{}.json", session.id))
+        .join(format!("{}.json", created.id))
         .exists());
-    fx.manager.kill(session.id, false).await.expect("dismiss");
-    assert!(!fx.manager.has(session.id).await);
+    fx.manager.kill(created.id, false).await.expect("dismiss");
+    assert!(!fx.manager.has(created.id).await);
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
@@ -823,20 +860,20 @@ async fn unsupported_structured_command_fails_without_launching_claude() {
     let fake = Fake::new();
     let cwd = TempDir::new().unwrap();
 
-    let session = fx
+    let err = fx
         .manager
         .create(structured_command(cwd.path(), fake.env(), "opencode"))
         .await
-        .expect("failed structured session is persisted");
+        .expect_err("unsupported command is rejected at request validation");
 
-    assert_eq!(session.status, SessionStatus::Dead);
-    let detail = session.activity_detail.expect("selection error");
-    assert!(detail.contains("Claude Code or Codex"), "{detail}");
+    assert!(
+        matches!(err, maestro_daemon::SessionError::BadRequest(ref msg) if msg.contains("Claude Code or Codex")),
+        "{err:?}"
+    );
     assert!(
         fake.log().is_empty(),
         "unsupported command launched an adapter"
     );
-    fx.manager.kill(session.id, false).await.expect("dismiss");
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
@@ -851,6 +888,7 @@ async fn kill_sends_cancel_then_sigterm_and_removes_the_sidecar() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), fake.env()))
         .await
         .expect("create");
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
     let pid = fake.pid();
     assert!(pid_alive(pid));
 
@@ -893,6 +931,8 @@ async fn shutdown_reaps_every_adapter_child() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), b.env()))
         .await
         .expect("create b");
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, sa.id).await;
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, sb.id).await;
     let (pa, pb) = (a.pid(), b.pid());
     assert!(pid_alive(pa) && pid_alive(pb));
 
@@ -927,10 +967,13 @@ async fn dismissal_during_shutdown_does_not_restore_recovery_artifacts() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), env))
         .await
         .expect("create");
-    fx.manager
+    let blocker_session = fx
+        .manager
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), blocker.env()))
         .await
         .expect("create blocker");
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, blocker_session.id).await;
 
     let manager = fx.manager.clone();
     let shutdown = tokio::spawn(async move { manager.shutdown().await });
@@ -982,6 +1025,7 @@ async fn shutdown_does_not_recover_an_adapter_that_already_exited() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), env))
         .await
         .expect("create");
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
     wait_for_exit(fake.pid()).await;
 
     fx.manager.shutdown().await;
@@ -1015,23 +1059,31 @@ async fn shutdown_waits_for_structured_creation_and_rejects_new_creates() {
     let mut env = fake.env();
     env.insert("FAKE_ACP_DELAY_SESSION_NEW_MS".into(), "500".into());
 
-    let create_cwd = cwd.path().to_path_buf();
-    let manager = fx.manager.clone();
-    let create = tokio::spawn(async move { manager.create(structured(&create_cwd, env)).await });
+    // create() returns immediately; the handshake runs in the background
+    // and holds a lifecycle permit.
+    let session = fx
+        .manager
+        .create(structured(cwd.path(), env))
+        .await
+        .expect("create");
+
+    // Wait until the adapter has received session/new (handshake in progress).
     wait_for_async(Duration::from_secs(5), || async {
         fake.log().contains("recv session/new")
     })
     .await;
 
+    // Shutdown must wait for the in-flight background handshake.
     let manager = fx.manager.clone();
     let shutdown = tokio::spawn(async move { manager.shutdown().await });
     tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
     assert!(
         !shutdown.is_finished(),
-        "shutdown returned before create finished"
+        "shutdown returned before handshake finished"
     );
 
-    let session = create.await.expect("create task").expect("create");
+    // The handshake completes in the background (500ms delay).
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
     let pid = fake.pid();
     shutdown.await.expect("shutdown task");
 
@@ -1064,27 +1116,37 @@ async fn structured_handshakes_run_independently() {
         gate.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
     );
 
-    let first_cwd = cwd.path().to_path_buf();
-    let manager = fx.manager.clone();
-    let first =
-        tokio::spawn(async move { manager.create(structured(&first_cwd, blocked_env)).await });
-    wait_for_async(Duration::from_secs(5), || async {
-        blocked.log().contains("recv session/new")
-    })
-    .await;
+    // Both create() calls return immediately with Starting; the first
+    // adapter's handshake is gated while the second runs freely.
+    let first = fx
+        .manager
+        .create(structured(cwd.path(), blocked_env))
+        .await
+        .expect("first create");
+    let second = fx
+        .manager
+        .create(structured(cwd.path(), ready.env()))
+        .await
+        .expect("second create");
 
-    let second = tokio::time::timeout(
-        Duration::from_secs(5),
-        fx.manager.create(structured(cwd.path(), ready.env())),
-    )
-    .await
-    .expect("second handshake was blocked by the first")
-    .expect("second create");
-    assert_eq!(second.status, SessionStatus::Running);
-    assert!(!first.is_finished(), "the gate must still block the first");
+    // The second handshake completes independently of the first.
+    let second_ready = wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, second.id).await;
+    assert_eq!(second_ready.activity, ActivityState::Idle);
+
+    // The first handshake is still blocked.
+    let first_snap = fx
+        .manager
+        .snapshot()
+        .await
+        .into_iter()
+        .find(|s| s.id == first.id)
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(first_snap.activity, ActivityState::Starting);
 
     std::fs::write(&gate, b"release").unwrap();
-    let first = first.await.expect("first task").expect("first create");
+    let first_ready = wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, first.id).await;
+    assert_eq!(first_ready.activity, ActivityState::Idle);
+
     fx.manager.kill(first.id, false).await.expect("kill first");
     fx.manager
         .kill(second.id, false)
@@ -1112,16 +1174,18 @@ async fn shutdown_waits_for_every_admitted_structured_create() {
         gate_b.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
     );
 
-    let create_a = {
-        let manager = fx.manager.clone();
-        let cwd = cwd.path().to_path_buf();
-        tokio::spawn(async move { manager.create(structured(&cwd, env_a)).await })
-    };
-    let create_b = {
-        let manager = fx.manager.clone();
-        let cwd = cwd.path().to_path_buf();
-        tokio::spawn(async move { manager.create(structured(&cwd, env_b)).await })
-    };
+    // Both create() calls return immediately; the background handshake
+    // tasks hold lifecycle permits and are blocked on their gates.
+    let session_a = fx
+        .manager
+        .create(structured(cwd.path(), env_a))
+        .await
+        .expect("create a");
+    let session_b = fx
+        .manager
+        .create(structured(cwd.path(), env_b))
+        .await
+        .expect("create b");
     wait_for_async(Duration::from_secs(5), || async {
         a.log().contains("recv session/new") && b.log().contains("recv session/new")
     })
@@ -1141,14 +1205,14 @@ async fn shutdown_waits_for_every_admitted_structured_create() {
     assert!(!shutdown.is_finished());
 
     std::fs::write(&gate_a, b"release").unwrap();
-    let session_a = create_a.await.expect("create a task").expect("create a");
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session_a.id).await;
     assert!(
         !shutdown.is_finished(),
         "shutdown ignored the second create"
     );
 
     std::fs::write(&gate_b, b"release").unwrap();
-    let session_b = create_b.await.expect("create b task").expect("create b");
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session_b.id).await;
     shutdown.await.expect("shutdown task");
 
     wait_for_exit(a.pid()).await;
@@ -1164,7 +1228,7 @@ async fn shutdown_waits_for_every_admitted_structured_create() {
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
-async fn cancelling_a_structured_handshake_rolls_back_and_settles_admission() {
+async fn killing_a_starting_session_rolls_back_and_settles_admission() {
     let fx = DaemonFixture::new();
     let fake = Fake::new();
     let repo = TempDir::new().unwrap();
@@ -1187,42 +1251,33 @@ async fn cancelling_a_structured_handshake_rolls_back_and_settles_admission() {
             branch: "cancelled-create".into(),
             create_branch: true,
         }),
+        auto_approve: false,
     };
 
-    let create = {
-        let manager = fx.manager.clone();
-        tokio::spawn(async move { manager.create(request).await })
-    };
+    // create() returns immediately with Starting; the handshake is gated.
+    let session = fx.manager.create(request).await.expect("create");
+    assert_eq!(session.activity, ActivityState::Starting);
     wait_for_async(Duration::from_secs(5), || async {
         fake.log().contains("recv session/new")
     })
     .await;
-    let id = fake
-        .log()
-        .lines()
-        .find_map(|line| line.strip_prefix("env MAESTRO_SESSION_ID="))
-        .and_then(|id| uuid::Uuid::parse_str(id).ok())
-        .expect("session id in adapter log");
     let pid = fake.pid();
 
-    create.abort();
-    let shutdown = {
-        let manager = fx.manager.clone();
-        tokio::spawn(async move { manager.shutdown().await })
-    };
-    assert!(create.await.unwrap_err().is_cancelled());
-    tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), shutdown)
+    // Kill the session while its handshake is still in progress.
+    // force=true because the worktree has an unpushed branch commit.
+    fx.manager.kill(session.id, true).await.expect("kill");
+
+    // Release the gate so the background task can finish and settle.
+    std::fs::write(&gate, b"release").unwrap();
+
+    // Shutdown must not hang — the lifecycle permit is settled.
+    tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), fx.manager.shutdown())
         .await
-        .expect("cancelled admission kept shutdown waiting")
-        .expect("shutdown task");
+        .expect("shutdown hung on a settled permit");
+
     wait_for_exit(pid).await;
-    wait_for_async(Duration::from_secs(5), || async {
-        !fx.fifo_dir().join(format!("{id}.fifo")).exists()
-            && !repo.path().join("cancelled-create").exists()
-    })
-    .await;
     assert!(fx.manager.snapshot().await.is_empty());
-    let id = id.to_string();
+    let id = session.id.to_string();
     assert!(
         std::fs::read_dir(fx.sidecar_dir())
             .into_iter()
@@ -1232,7 +1287,7 @@ async fn cancelling_a_structured_handshake_rolls_back_and_settles_admission() {
                 .file_name()
                 .to_string_lossy()
                 .starts_with(&id)),
-        "cancelled create left a sidecar artifact"
+        "killed Starting session left a sidecar artifact"
     );
 }
 
@@ -1249,6 +1304,7 @@ async fn shutdown_drains_final_notifications_to_the_log() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), env))
         .await
         .expect("create");
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
     wait_for_async(Duration::from_secs(5), || async {
         fx.manager
             .read_acp_events(session.id, EventCursor::Since(0), 10)
@@ -1279,6 +1335,7 @@ async fn adapter_exit_marks_the_session_dead_and_keeps_it_listed() {
         .create(structured(cwd.path(), fake.env()))
         .await
         .expect("create");
+    wait_for_ready(&fx.manager, session.id).await;
     fx.manager.start_liveness_watcher(Duration::from_millis(50));
 
     // The agent dies out from under the daemon: the liveness pass, not tmux,

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/activity_report.rs

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ async fn spawn_sleeping(manager: &SessionManager) -> Uuid {
             env: Default::default(),
             metadata: Default::default(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap()

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/attach.rs

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ async fn create_bash_session(h: &Harness) -> Uuid {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/autoname.rs

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ async fn spawn(manager: &SessionManager, name: Option<&str>) -> Uuid {
             env: Default::default(),
             metadata,
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap()

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/blocked_work_cost.rs

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ fn request(cwd: &std::path::Path, repo: &std::path::Path, branch: &str) -> Creat
             branch: branch.into(),
             create_branch: true,
         }),
+        auto_approve: false,
     }
 }
 

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/local_api.rs

@@ -154,7 +154,8 @@ async fn structured_session(h: &Harness, fake: &FakeAcp) -> Uuid {
 }
 
 async fn structured_session_with_env(h: &Harness, env: HashMap<String, String>) -> Uuid {
-    h.manager
+    let id = h
+        .manager
         .create(CreateSessionRequest {
             view: SessionView::Structured,
             cwd: "/tmp".into(),
@@ -162,10 +163,13 @@ async fn structured_session_with_env(h: &Harness, env: HashMap<String, String>)
             env,
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap()
-        .id
+        .id;
+    wait_for_session_activity(h, id, ActivityState::Idle).await;
+    id
 }
 
 async fn wait_for_session_activity(h: &Harness, id: Uuid, expected: ActivityState) {
@@ -234,6 +238,60 @@ async fn structured_ws_sends_snapshot_then_live_projection() {
     );
 }
 
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn structured_attachments_preserve_bytes_and_reject_paths() {
+    let h = spawn("attachments").await;
+    let fake = FakeAcp::new();
+    let id = structured_session(&h, &fake).await;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let endpoint = url(
+        h.addr,
+        &format!("/api/sessions/{id}/structured/attachments"),
+    );
+    let bytes = vec![0, 255, 10, 13];
+    let response = client
+        .post(&endpoint)
+        .query(&[("name", "sample.bin")])
+        .body(bytes.clone())
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(response.status(), 200);
+    let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await.unwrap();
+    let path = body["path"].as_str().unwrap();
+    assert!(Path::new(path).is_absolute());
+    assert_eq!(std::fs::read(path).unwrap(), bytes);
+    for name in ["../escape", "a/b", "a\\b", "..", ""] {
+        let response = client
+            .post(&endpoint)
+            .query(&[("name", name)])
+            .body("text")
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(response.status(), 400, "{name}");
+    }
+    let response = client
+        .post(&endpoint)
+        .query(&[("name", "large.bin")])
+        .body(vec![0; 20 * 1024 * 1024 + 1])
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(response.status(), 413);
+    let response = client
+        .post(url(
+            h.addr,
+            &format!("/api/sessions/{}/structured/attachments", Uuid::new_v4()),
+        ))
+        .query(&[("name", "file.txt")])
+        .body("text")
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(response.status(), 404);
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn structured_prompt_rejects_a_second_in_flight_turn_and_cancel_clears_it() {
     let h = spawn("naps-laptop").await;
@@ -493,6 +551,7 @@ async fn structured_prompt_rejects_unknown_and_unavailable_sessions() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -626,6 +685,7 @@ async fn structured_replay_rejects_unknown_terminal_and_dead_sessions() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -768,6 +828,7 @@ async fn list_sessions_starts_empty_and_reflects_creates() {
         env: HashMap::new(),
         metadata: HashMap::new(),
         worktree: None,
+        auto_approve: false,
     };
     let created: Session = reqwest::Client::new()
         .post(url(h.addr, "/api/sessions"))
@@ -985,6 +1046,7 @@ async fn patch_session_renames_it() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -1028,6 +1090,7 @@ async fn post_focus_stamps_last_focused_at() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -1062,6 +1125,7 @@ async fn delete_owned_session_kills_it() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -1084,6 +1148,7 @@ async fn spawn_via_manager(h: &Harness) -> Uuid {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap()
@@ -1198,6 +1263,7 @@ async fn delete_a_session_whose_worktree_holds_unsaved_work_returns_409_with_the
                 branch: "feat/guarded".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -1251,6 +1317,7 @@ async fn delete_with_force_ends_the_session_and_keeps_the_worktree() {
                 branch: "feat/guarded".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -1281,6 +1348,7 @@ async fn attach_ws_streams_pty_bytes() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -1383,6 +1451,7 @@ async fn events_ws_sends_a_snapshot_then_streams_deltas() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -1428,6 +1497,12 @@ async fn events_ws_streams_structured_activity_without_hook_overrides() {
     let maestro_protocol::CatalogEvent::SessionAdded { session } = next_event(&mut ws).await else {
         panic!("expected structured SessionAdded")
     };
+    assert_eq!(session.activity, ActivityState::Starting);
+    // The background handshake completes and sends SessionUpdated → Idle.
+    let maestro_protocol::CatalogEvent::SessionUpdated { session } = next_event(&mut ws).await
+    else {
+        panic!("expected SessionUpdated after handshake")
+    };
     assert_eq!(session.activity, ActivityState::Idle);
 
     let client = reqwest::Client::new();
@@ -1495,6 +1570,7 @@ async fn every_events_subscriber_gets_its_own_snapshot() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/rename.rs

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ async fn spawn_named(manager: &SessionManager, name: Option<&str>) -> Uuid {
             env: Default::default(),
             metadata,
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap()

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/session_decisions.rs

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ impl Fx {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         }
     }
 }

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/session_manager.rs

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ async fn create_then_kill_round_trip() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ async fn create_appends_to_spawn_history() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::from([("name".into(), serde_json::json!("neon-drifter"))]),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -100,6 +102,7 @@ async fn create_without_history_logs_nothing() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -123,6 +126,7 @@ async fn recover_adopts_existing_tmux_sessions() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -166,6 +170,7 @@ async fn create_captures_initial_output_in_replay_buffer() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -215,6 +220,7 @@ async fn attach_replay_is_the_current_screen_not_the_byte_tail() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -273,6 +279,7 @@ async fn attach_replay_carries_the_panes_mouse_modes() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -324,6 +331,7 @@ async fn recover_re_pipes_pane_so_output_reaches_subscribers() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -387,6 +395,7 @@ async fn pty_broadcast_delivers_bytes_to_subscribers() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -438,6 +447,7 @@ async fn liveness_watcher_marks_dead_sessions_and_keeps_them_until_dismissed() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -508,6 +518,7 @@ async fn watcher_refreshes_the_blocked_work_indicator() {
                 branch: "feat/indicator".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -601,6 +612,7 @@ async fn kill_removes_worktree_even_when_spec_says_keep() {
                 branch: "feat/keep".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -639,6 +651,7 @@ async fn killing_refuses_a_worktree_with_unsaved_work_and_keeps_the_session() {
                 branch: "feat/guarded".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -703,6 +716,7 @@ async fn killing_refuses_until_the_branch_is_pushed() {
                 branch: "feat/pushed".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -753,6 +767,7 @@ async fn force_killing_a_guarded_worktree_leaves_it_on_disk() {
                 branch: "feat/forced".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -799,6 +814,7 @@ async fn force_on_a_clear_worktree_removes_it_as_usual() {
                 branch: "feat/clear".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -840,6 +856,7 @@ async fn killing_an_ignored_only_worktree_succeeds() {
                 branch: "feat/rusty".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -882,6 +899,7 @@ async fn natural_exit_of_a_guarded_worktree_leaves_it_on_disk() {
                 branch: "feat/exited".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -944,6 +962,7 @@ async fn natural_exit_of_a_pristine_worktree_removes_it() {
                 branch: "feat/clean".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -1001,6 +1020,7 @@ async fn liveness_watcher_leaves_running_sessions_alone() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -1040,6 +1060,7 @@ async fn worktree_base_repo_records_the_main_checkout_not_the_request() {
                 branch: "feat/one".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create first");
@@ -1058,6 +1079,7 @@ async fn worktree_base_repo_records_the_main_checkout_not_the_request() {
                 branch: "feat/two".into(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create second");
@@ -1093,6 +1115,7 @@ async fn spawned_sessions_export_maestro_session_id_and_url() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -1132,6 +1155,7 @@ async fn a_freshly_created_session_has_never_been_focused() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -1158,6 +1182,7 @@ async fn set_focused_true_stamps_last_focused_at() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");
@@ -1207,6 +1232,7 @@ async fn attaching_stamps_last_focused_at() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("create");

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/worktree.rs

@@ -405,15 +405,17 @@ fn run_git(dir: &std::path::Path, args: &[&str]) {
     );
 }
 
-/// 49ab7e9: a new-branch add onto a name that already exists suffixes the
-/// branch (and so the directory) instead of failing, per docs/WORKTREES.md.
+/// `git worktree add -b` alone fails outright when the branch already exists,
+/// even with the target directory free — a random handle commonly collides
+/// with one an earlier, already-removed worktree left behind. `add_new`
+/// sidesteps it on the branch name itself instead of erroring (#77).
 #[test]
-fn add_new_suffixes_when_branch_already_exists() {
+fn add_new_suffixes_branch_name_on_branch_collision() {
     let repo_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
     let repo = repo_dir.path().to_path_buf();
     init_repo(&repo);
 
-    // pre-create the branch
+    // pre-create the branch, unused by any worktree.
     let status = Command::new("git")
         .arg("-C")
         .arg(&repo)
@@ -425,9 +427,17 @@ fn add_new_suffixes_when_branch_already_exists() {
     let wt_root = TempDir::new().unwrap();
     let mgr = WorktreeManager::new(Some(wt_root.path().to_path_buf()));
 
-    let path = mgr.add_new(&repo, "feat/dup").unwrap();
+    let path = mgr
+        .add_new(&repo, "feat/dup")
+        .expect("sidesteps the branch collision");
     assert!(path.ends_with("feat/dup-2"), "{}", path.display());
-    assert!(path.is_dir());
+    assert!(path.exists());
+
+    // The pre-existing branch is untouched; the new worktree checked out the
+    // suffixed one instead of erroring or adopting `feat/dup`.
+    let branches = worktree_branches(&repo);
+    assert!(branches.contains(&"feat/dup-2".to_string()), "{branches:?}");
+    assert!(!branches.contains(&"feat/dup".to_string()), "{branches:?}");
 }
 
 /// The project picker lists linked worktrees as pickable rows, so `base_repo`

crates/maestro-e2e/tests/e2e.rs

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ fn create_req(cwd: &std::path::Path, command: &str) -> CreateSessionRequest {
         env: HashMap::new(),
         metadata: HashMap::new(),
         worktree: None,
+        auto_approve: false,
     }
 }
 
@@ -111,6 +112,7 @@ fn worktree_req(base: &std::path::Path, branch: &str, create_branch: bool) -> Cr
         env: HashMap::new(),
         metadata: HashMap::new(),
         worktree: Some(worktree_spec(base, branch, create_branch)),
+        auto_approve: false,
     }
 }
 
@@ -206,6 +208,7 @@ async fn kill_removes_clean_worktree() {
         env: HashMap::new(),
         metadata: HashMap::new(),
         worktree: Some(worktree_spec(base.path(), "feature/e2e", true)),
+        auto_approve: false,
     };
 
     let s = client.spawn_session(&req).await.expect("spawn worktree");
@@ -260,6 +263,7 @@ async fn kill_refuses_worktree_with_uncommitted_changes() {
         env: HashMap::new(),
         metadata: HashMap::new(),
         worktree: Some(worktree_spec(base.path(), "feature/unsaved", true)),
+        auto_approve: false,
     };
 
     let s = client.spawn_session(&req).await.expect("spawn worktree");
@@ -319,6 +323,7 @@ async fn spawn_on_existing_branch_checks_it_out() {
         env: HashMap::new(),
         metadata: HashMap::new(),
         worktree: Some(worktree_spec(base.path(), "feature/existing", false)),
+        auto_approve: false,
     };
 
     let s = client
@@ -383,13 +388,11 @@ async fn spawn_new_branch_creates_worktree_and_runs_in_it() {
     client.kill_session(s.id).await.expect("kill");
 }
 
-/// #66: a second spawn onto an *existing* branch that already has a worktree
-/// is rejected with a structured worktree error; the first worktree stays
-/// intact. (A second `create_branch: true` spawn is a different case: 49ab7e9
-/// suffixes the new branch name instead, see
-/// `colliding_branch_name_gets_suffixed_too`.)
+/// #66/#77: a second spawn onto the same branch used to be rejected outright;
+/// since the branch-collision suffixing landed, it succeeds instead — the
+/// second worktree lands on `<branch>-2` and the first stays untouched.
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
-async fn second_spawn_on_same_branch_is_rejected() {
+async fn second_spawn_on_same_branch_gets_suffixed() {
     let (_daemon, client) = bring_up().await;
 
     let base = TempDir::new().unwrap();
@@ -399,28 +402,33 @@ async fn second_spawn_on_same_branch_is_rejected() {
         .spawn_session(&worktree_req(base.path(), "feature/dup", true))
         .await
         .expect("first spawn");
-    let dup = client
-        .spawn_session(&worktree_req(base.path(), "feature/dup", false))
-        .await;
-    match dup {
-        Err(maestro_e2e::ClientError::Api(maestro_protocol::ClientError::Api { info, .. })) => {
-            assert_eq!(
-                info.code, "worktree_failed",
-                "expected worktree error: {info:?}"
-            );
-        }
-        other => panic!("expected rejection for duplicate branch, got {other:?}"),
-    }
+    let second = client
+        .spawn_session(&worktree_req(base.path(), "feature/dup", true))
+        .await
+        .expect("second spawn suffixes instead of rejecting");
 
-    // Exactly one registration, one directory, still usable.
-    // Count branch records only: the worktree path now contains the branch
-    // name too (`worktrees/feature/dup`), so a substring match over every line
-    // would count the same tree twice.
-    let holders = git_worktree_list(base.path())
-        .iter()
-        .filter(|w| w.as_str() == "branch refs/heads/feature/dup")
-        .count();
-    assert_eq!(holders, 1, "duplicate spawn must not register another tree");
+    let suffixed = base.path().join("worktrees").join("feature").join("dup-2");
+    assert_eq!(
+        second.cwd, suffixed,
+        "second worktree must land on the suffixed path"
+    );
+    assert!(suffixed.is_dir());
+
+    // Both registrations exist: the original branch, untouched, and the
+    // suffixed one the second spawn created.
+    let registrations = git_worktree_list(base.path());
+    assert!(
+        registrations
+            .iter()
+            .any(|l| l.as_str() == "branch refs/heads/feature/dup"),
+        "original branch must stay registered: {registrations:?}"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        registrations
+            .iter()
+            .any(|l| l.as_str() == "branch refs/heads/feature/dup-2"),
+        "suffixed branch must be registered too: {registrations:?}"
+    );
     assert!(
         base.path()
             .join("worktrees")
@@ -431,7 +439,8 @@ async fn second_spawn_on_same_branch_is_rejected() {
     );
 
     let _origin = throwaway_origin(base.path());
-    client.kill_session(first.id).await.expect("kill");
+    client.kill_session(first.id).await.expect("kill first");
+    client.kill_session(second.id).await.expect("kill second");
 }
 
 /// #66/#56: when the client picks a *linked worktree* as base_repo, placement
@@ -823,6 +832,7 @@ async fn natural_exit_settles_dirty_and_pristine_worktrees_differently() {
             env: HashMap::new(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: Some(worktree_spec(dirty_repo.path(), "feature/messy", true)),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("spawn dirty");
@@ -872,6 +882,7 @@ fn create_req_cmd(cwd: &std::path::Path, command: &str, branch: &str) -> CreateS
         env: HashMap::new(),
         metadata: HashMap::new(),
         worktree: Some(worktree_spec(cwd, branch, true)),
+        auto_approve: false,
     }
 }
 
@@ -1064,6 +1075,7 @@ async fn sigterm_stops_structured_child_before_events_ws_drains() {
             env: fake.env.clone(),
             metadata: HashMap::new(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
         .await
         .expect("spawn structured session");

crates/maestro-protocol/src/display.rs

@@ -226,6 +226,15 @@ pub fn command_tool(command: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
         .map(|(_, tool)| *tool)
 }
 
+/// Whether a command line resolves to an agent Maestro can run as a
+/// structured (ACP) session — Claude Code or Codex, the two adapters
+/// `docs/STRUCTURED-VIEW.md` lists. Every client gates its structured-view
+/// control on this, and the daemon rejects a `Structured` request for
+/// anything else, so the answer has to come from one place.
+pub fn supports_structured_view(command: &str) -> bool {
+    matches!(command_tool(command), Some("claude" | "codex"))
+}
+
 /// [`resolve`]'s outcome: the tokenized command line, and the index within it
 /// of the word that is the actual program (past every assignment/wrapper it
 /// resolved through).
@@ -1064,4 +1073,14 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(tokenize("\"FOO=1\" claude").unwrap()[0].plain_eq, None);
         assert_eq!(tokenize("FOO\\=1 claude").unwrap()[0].plain_eq, None);
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn structured_view_support_follows_the_resolved_program() {
+        assert!(supports_structured_view("claude --resume"));
+        assert!(supports_structured_view("FOO=1 /usr/local/bin/codex exec"));
+        assert!(supports_structured_view("npx claude-code"));
+        assert!(!supports_structured_view("opencode"));
+        assert!(!supports_structured_view("bash -l"));
+        assert!(!supports_structured_view("claude-code-acp"));
+    }
 }

crates/maestro-protocol/src/lib.rs

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ pub struct Session {
     /// daemon that predates the field keeps working untouched.
     #[serde(default)]
     pub view: SessionView,
-    /// The ACP session id the `claude-code-acp` adapter handed back from
+    /// The ACP session id the selected provider adapter handed back from
     /// `session/new` (#134). Only a [`SessionView::Structured`] session has
     /// one, and only once its handshake succeeded; a later respawn passes it
     /// to `session/load` so the conversation continues (#135). Distinct from
@@ -175,6 +175,10 @@ pub enum ActivityState {
     AwaitingInput,
     /// An agent reported a failure, or a structured session/turn failed.
     Error,
+    /// The ACP adapter is booting; the session is registered but cannot accept
+    /// prompts yet. Older clients that do not know this variant degrade it to
+    /// `Idle` via the lenient deserializer — acceptable.
+    Starting,
 }
 
 impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for ActivityState {
@@ -187,6 +191,7 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for ActivityState {
             "Active" => Self::Active,
             "AwaitingInput" => Self::AwaitingInput,
             "Error" => Self::Error,
+            "Starting" => Self::Starting,
             // Known or not, any other spelling degrades to the neutral default
             _ => Self::Idle,
         })
@@ -225,9 +230,10 @@ where
         "Idle" => Ok(ActivityState::Idle),
         "AwaitingInput" => Ok(ActivityState::AwaitingInput),
         "Error" => Ok(ActivityState::Error),
+        "Starting" => Ok(ActivityState::Starting),
         other => Err(D::Error::unknown_variant(
             other,
-            &["Active", "Idle", "AwaitingInput", "Error"],
+            &["Active", "Idle", "AwaitingInput", "Error", "Starting"],
         )),
     }
 }
@@ -383,6 +389,10 @@ pub struct CreateSessionRequest {
     /// untouched.
     #[serde(default)]
     pub view: SessionView,
+    /// When `true`, the daemon auto-approves every ACP permission request
+    /// for this structured session.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub auto_approve: bool,
 }
 
 /// Result of `GET /api/dirs`: the immediate subdirectories of one directory.
@@ -522,6 +532,11 @@ pub struct SpawnPreset {
     pub id: String,
     pub label: String,
     pub command: String,
+    /// When `true`, the daemon auto-approves every ACP permission request
+    /// for structured sessions spawned from this preset instead of surfacing
+    /// them to the client.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub auto_approve: bool,
 }
 
 /// Build provenance of the running daemon: the commit it was compiled
@@ -1251,6 +1266,7 @@ mod tests {
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
             view: SessionView::Terminal,
+            auto_approve: false,
         };
         assert_eq!(req, round_trip(&req));
     }

crates/maestro-protocol/src/routes.rs

@@ -86,6 +86,11 @@ pub fn structured_prompt(id: Uuid) -> String {
     format!("{SESSIONS}/{id}/structured/prompt")
 }
 
+/// `POST /api/sessions/:id/structured/attachments` — upload a file.
+pub fn structured_attachment(id: Uuid) -> String {
+    format!("{SESSIONS}/{id}/structured/attachments")
+}
+
 /// `POST /api/sessions/:id/structured/cancel` — cancel an ACP turn.
 pub fn structured_cancel(id: Uuid) -> String {
     format!("{SESSIONS}/{id}/structured/cancel")
@@ -113,6 +118,7 @@ pub mod patterns {
     pub const STRUCTURED: &str = "/api/structured/:id";
     pub const STRUCTURED_REPLAY: &str = "/api/sessions/:id/structured/replay";
     pub const STRUCTURED_PROMPT: &str = "/api/sessions/:id/structured/prompt";
+    pub const STRUCTURED_ATTACHMENT: &str = "/api/sessions/:id/structured/attachments";
     pub const STRUCTURED_CANCEL: &str = "/api/sessions/:id/structured/cancel";
     pub const STRUCTURED_CONFIG: &str = "/api/sessions/:id/structured/config";
     pub const STRUCTURED_APPROVAL: &str = "/api/sessions/:id/structured/approvals/:nonce";

crates/maestro-tui/src/app.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 //! `dispatch` / the overlay routing.
 
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::time::Duration;
 
@@ -54,6 +55,36 @@ enum OverlayDecision {
     Pass,
 }
 
+fn copy_to_terminal_clipboard(text: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let encoded = base64_encode(text.as_bytes());
+    let mut output = std::io::stdout();
+    write!(output, "\x1b]52;c;{encoded}\x07")?;
+    output.flush()
+}
+
+fn base64_encode(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
+    const TABLE: &[u8; 64] = b"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
+    let mut output = String::with_capacity(bytes.len().div_ceil(3) * 4);
+    for chunk in bytes.chunks(3) {
+        let bits = (u32::from(chunk[0]) << 16)
+            | (u32::from(*chunk.get(1).unwrap_or(&0)) << 8)
+            | u32::from(*chunk.get(2).unwrap_or(&0));
+        output.push(TABLE[((bits >> 18) & 0x3f) as usize] as char);
+        output.push(TABLE[((bits >> 12) & 0x3f) as usize] as char);
+        output.push(if chunk.len() > 1 {
+            TABLE[((bits >> 6) & 0x3f) as usize] as char
+        } else {
+            '='
+        });
+        output.push(if chunk.len() > 2 {
+            TABLE[(bits & 0x3f) as usize] as char
+        } else {
+            '='
+        });
+    }
+    output
+}
+
 pub struct App {
     cfg: TuiConfig,
     home_dir: String,
@@ -340,6 +371,10 @@ impl App {
             return Ok(false);
         }
 
+        if self.handle_structured_mouse(&key) {
+            return Ok(false);
+        }
+
         if let Some(effects) = self.handle_structured_key(&key) {
             self.perform(effects).await;
             return Ok(false);
@@ -423,6 +458,61 @@ impl App {
         true
     }
 
+    /// Transcript blocks are pointer targets: click selects the whole block,
+    /// gives it the selection surface, and copies its complete text.
+    fn handle_structured_mouse(&mut self, key: &InputKey) -> bool {
+        let InputKey::Mouse {
+            kind,
+            region: Region::Pane,
+            row,
+            ..
+        } = key
+        else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        if !matches!(kind, MouseKind::Click | MouseKind::Hover) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let Some(sid) = self.state.active_session() else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        let Some(handle) = self.structured.get(&sid) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        let Some(pane) = self.region.pane else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        let offset = usize::from(row.saturating_sub(pane.y));
+        let transcript_height = pane.height.saturating_sub(pane.height.min(3));
+        if offset >= usize::from(transcript_height) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        let mut state = handle.state.lock().expect("structured state mutex");
+        let rendered_line = state.scroll.saturating_add(offset);
+        if !state.select_rendered_line(rendered_line) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        let Some(id) = state.selected.as_deref() else {
+            return true;
+        };
+        let Some(transcript) = state.rows.iter().find(|item| item.id == id) else {
+            return true;
+        };
+        if *kind == MouseKind::Hover {
+            return true;
+        }
+        let text = crate::structured_pane::copy_text(transcript);
+        drop(state);
+        if text.is_empty() {
+            return true;
+        }
+        match copy_to_terminal_clipboard(&text) {
+            Ok(()) => self.state.toast("copied transcript block"),
+            Err(error) => self.state.toast(format!("copy failed: {error}")),
+        }
+        true
+    }
+
     /// Carry out what `dispatch` decided. The only place in `App` that talks to
     /// the daemon.
     async fn perform(&mut self, effects: Vec<Effect>) {
@@ -1905,6 +1995,12 @@ async fn fetch_branches(
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn clipboard_payload_uses_standard_base64() {
+        assert_eq!(base64_encode(b"hello"), "aGVsbG8=");
+        assert_eq!(base64_encode("✓".as_bytes()), "4pyT");
+    }
     use crate::action::Action;
     use crate::draft::DraftField;
     use crate::keymap::Mode;
@@ -3009,6 +3105,7 @@ mod tests {
             env: Default::default(),
             metadata: Default::default(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         };
         app.submit_spawn(req).await;
 
@@ -3057,6 +3154,7 @@ mod tests {
             env: Default::default(),
             metadata: Default::default(),
             worktree: None,
+            auto_approve: false,
         };
 
         let structured_id = Uuid::from_u128(188);

crates/maestro-tui/src/draft.rs

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 
 use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
 use maestro_config::{builtin_presets, custom_preset};
-use maestro_protocol::display::{abbreviate_dir, command_tool};
+use maestro_protocol::display::{abbreviate_dir, supports_structured_view};
 use maestro_protocol::{
     BranchInfo, CreateSessionRequest, Project, SessionView, SpawnPreset, WorktreeSpec,
 };
@@ -255,9 +255,14 @@ pub struct DraftPane {
     /// "Advanced options" disclosure (#93). Closed by default — most spawns
     /// take the default target.
     pub advanced_collapsed: bool,
-    /// ACP-backed structured transcript. Off by default and supported only
-    /// when the resolved command is Claude Code or Codex.
+    /// ACP-backed structured transcript. Supported only when the resolved
+    /// command is Claude Code or Codex, and on by default whenever it is —
+    /// until the operator works the toggle themselves.
     pub structured_view: bool,
+    /// Set once the operator toggles structured view by hand. From then on a
+    /// command change never re-enables what they turned off, the same guard
+    /// `name_touched` gives the name field.
+    pub structured_view_touched: bool,
     /// Enclosing repository of the chosen target — from the project scan for
     /// picked rows, `/api/gitroot` for raw paths. `None` until known.
     pub base_repo: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -298,7 +303,7 @@ impl Default for DraftPane {
         // while its data loads, and stay usable when the daemon reports none.
         let mut presets = builtin_presets();
         presets.push(custom_preset());
-        Self {
+        let mut draft = Self {
             id: NEXT_DRAFT_ID.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed),
             presets,
             selected_preset: 0,
@@ -319,6 +324,7 @@ impl Default for DraftPane {
             worktree_enabled: true,
             advanced_collapsed: true,
             structured_view: false,
+            structured_view_touched: false,
             base_repo: None,
             probed_cwd: None,
             probe_seq: 0,
@@ -337,7 +343,11 @@ impl Default for DraftPane {
             // straight away, and Tab from here reaches the command tiles.
             focused_field: DraftField::DirPicker,
             home_dir: String::new(),
-        }
+        };
+        // The built-in tile the form opens on decides whether structured view
+        // starts ticked, exactly as a later preset list would.
+        draft.sync_structured_view();
+        draft
     }
 }
 
@@ -356,7 +366,7 @@ impl DraftPane {
             .position(|p| !p.command.is_empty())
             .unwrap_or(0);
         self.apply_seed_command();
-        self.clear_unsupported_structured_view();
+        self.sync_structured_view();
     }
 
     /// Land a seeded command on the tile that runs it: its own preset when the
@@ -673,18 +683,24 @@ impl DraftPane {
     }
 
     fn supports_structured_view(&self) -> bool {
-        matches!(command_tool(self.command()), Some("claude" | "codex"))
+        supports_structured_view(self.command())
     }
 
-    fn clear_unsupported_structured_view(&mut self) {
+    /// Re-resolve the toggle after the command changed: an unsupported
+    /// command forces it off, a supported one turns it back on unless the
+    /// operator has already made the choice themselves.
+    fn sync_structured_view(&mut self) {
         if !self.supports_structured_view() {
             self.structured_view = false;
+        } else if !self.structured_view_touched {
+            self.structured_view = true;
         }
     }
 
     pub fn toggle_structured_view(&mut self) {
         if self.supports_structured_view() {
             self.structured_view = !self.structured_view;
+            self.structured_view_touched = true;
         }
     }
 
@@ -718,6 +734,10 @@ impl DraftPane {
             );
         }
         let worktree = self.build_worktree()?;
+        let auto_approve = self
+            .presets
+            .get(self.selected_preset)
+            .is_some_and(|p| p.auto_approve);
         Ok(CreateSessionRequest {
             view: if self.structured_view && self.supports_structured_view() {
                 SessionView::Structured
@@ -729,6 +749,7 @@ impl DraftPane {
             env: Default::default(),
             metadata,
             worktree,
+            auto_approve,
         })
     }
 
@@ -827,7 +848,7 @@ impl DraftPane {
         }
         self.selected_preset =
             ((self.selected_preset as i32) + delta).rem_euclid(len as i32) as usize;
-        self.clear_unsupported_structured_view();
+        self.sync_structured_view();
     }
 
     /// Step-one boxes surviving the type-to-filter, in display order. A
@@ -1130,7 +1151,7 @@ impl DraftPane {
                     DraftField::Preset | DraftField::Submit => {}
                     DraftField::CustomCommand => {
                         self.custom_command.handle_key(other);
-                        self.clear_unsupported_structured_view();
+                        self.sync_structured_view();
                     }
                     // Typing filters the list; the highlight resets to the top
                     // so a narrowed search always starts at its best match.
@@ -1776,6 +1797,7 @@ mod tests {
             id: "aider".into(),
             label: "Aider".into(),
             command: "aider".into(),
+            auto_approve: false,
         }]);
         assert_eq!(
             draft.command(),
@@ -1798,11 +1820,13 @@ mod tests {
                 id: "claude".into(),
                 label: "Claude".into(),
                 command: "claude".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             },
             SpawnPreset {
                 id: "aider".into(),
                 label: "Aider".into(),
                 command: "aider".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             },
         ]);
         assert_eq!(draft.command(), "aider");
@@ -1822,6 +1846,7 @@ mod tests {
             id: "claude".into(),
             label: "Claude".into(),
             command: "claude".into(),
+            auto_approve: false,
         }]);
         assert!(draft.is_custom());
         assert_eq!(draft.command(), "bash -l");
@@ -1888,7 +1913,7 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn structured_view_is_default_off_and_visible_for_supported_agents() {
+    fn structured_view_is_default_on_and_visible_for_supported_agents() {
         let mut draft = DraftPane {
             advanced_collapsed: false,
             ..DraftPane::default()
@@ -1898,25 +1923,26 @@ mod tests {
                 id: "claude".into(),
                 label: "Claude".into(),
                 command: "claude".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             },
             SpawnPreset {
                 id: "codex".into(),
                 label: "Codex".into(),
                 command: "codex".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             },
             SpawnPreset {
                 id: "opencode".into(),
                 label: "OpenCode".into(),
                 command: "opencode".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             },
         ]);
-        assert!(!draft.structured_view);
+        assert!(draft.structured_view, "on by default for a supported agent");
         assert!(draft.field_order().contains(&DraftField::StructuredToggle));
         let rendered = render_to_string(100, 24, |f| draft.render(f, f.area(), true));
-        assert!(rendered.contains("[ ] structured view"), "{rendered}");
+        assert!(rendered.contains("[x] structured view"), "{rendered}");
 
-        draft.toggle_structured_view();
-        assert!(draft.structured_view);
         draft.cycle_preset(1);
         assert_eq!(draft.command(), "codex");
         assert!(
@@ -2006,16 +2032,16 @@ mod tests {
             };
             draft.selected_preset = draft.presets.len() - 1;
             draft.custom_command = crate::text_input::TextInput::with_value(command);
+            draft.sync_structured_view();
 
             assert_eq!(
                 draft.field_order().contains(&DraftField::StructuredToggle),
                 supported,
                 "toggle visibility for {command:?}"
             );
-            draft.toggle_structured_view();
             assert_eq!(
                 draft.structured_view, supported,
-                "toggle takes effect for {command:?}"
+                "default selection for {command:?}"
             );
             let view = draft.build_request().unwrap().view;
             assert_eq!(
@@ -2027,6 +2053,12 @@ mod tests {
                 },
                 "request view for {command:?}"
             );
+
+            draft.toggle_structured_view();
+            assert!(
+                !draft.structured_view,
+                "the toggle turns the default off for {command:?}"
+            );
         }
     }
 
@@ -2046,22 +2078,24 @@ mod tests {
                 id: "claude-wrapped".into(),
                 label: "Claude (npx)".into(),
                 command: "npx claude-code --resume".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             },
             SpawnPreset {
                 id: "codex-wrapped".into(),
                 label: "Codex (npx)".into(),
                 command: "npx codex exec".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             },
             SpawnPreset {
                 id: "aider".into(),
                 label: "Aider".into(),
                 command: "aider".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
             },
         ]);
 
         assert_eq!(draft.command(), "npx claude-code --resume");
         assert!(draft.field_order().contains(&DraftField::StructuredToggle));
-        draft.toggle_structured_view();
         assert!(draft.structured_view);
         assert_eq!(draft.build_request().unwrap().view, SessionView::Structured);
 
@@ -2080,6 +2114,45 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(draft.build_request().unwrap().view, SessionView::Terminal);
     }
 
+    /// The default only applies until the operator has an opinion: once they
+    /// untick the box, moving between supported commands leaves it unticked
+    /// instead of turning it back on under them.
+    #[test]
+    fn an_unticked_structured_view_survives_a_command_change() {
+        let mut draft = DraftPane {
+            picked_cwd: Some(PathBuf::from("/srv/work")),
+            worktree_enabled: false,
+            advanced_collapsed: false,
+            ..DraftPane::default()
+        };
+        draft.set_presets(vec![
+            SpawnPreset {
+                id: "claude".into(),
+                label: "Claude".into(),
+                command: "claude".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
+            },
+            SpawnPreset {
+                id: "codex".into(),
+                label: "Codex".into(),
+                command: "codex".into(),
+                auto_approve: false,
+            },
+        ]);
+        assert!(draft.structured_view);
+
+        draft.toggle_structured_view();
+        assert!(!draft.structured_view);
+
+        draft.cycle_preset(1);
+        assert_eq!(draft.command(), "codex");
+        assert!(
+            !draft.structured_view,
+            "the operator's choice outranks the default"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(draft.build_request().unwrap().view, SessionView::Terminal);
+    }
+
     /// Editing the custom-command text away from a supported agent clears an armed
     /// selection immediately, matching the preset-switch case above — an
     /// invalid `Structured` request can never reach `build_request`.
@@ -2094,7 +2167,7 @@ mod tests {
         };
         draft.selected_preset = draft.presets.len() - 1;
         draft.custom_command = crate::text_input::TextInput::with_value("codex");
-        draft.toggle_structured_view();
+        draft.sync_structured_view();
         assert!(draft.structured_view);
 
         typed(&mut draft, " -p");

crates/maestro-tui/src/fast_forward.rs

@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ impl FastForwardDefaults {
                 branch: handle.to_string(),
                 create_branch: true,
             }),
+            auto_approve: false,
         })
     }
 
@@ -184,6 +185,7 @@ mod tests {
             id: id.into(),
             label: id.into(),
             command: command.into(),
+            auto_approve: false,
         }
     }
 

crates/maestro-tui/src/input.rs

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ pub enum MouseKind {
     Click,
     DblClick,
     Drag,
+    Hover,
     ScrollUp,
     ScrollDown,
 }
@@ -148,6 +149,7 @@ impl InputKey {
                     MouseKind::Click => "click",
                     MouseKind::DblClick => "dblclick",
                     MouseKind::Drag => "drag",
+                    MouseKind::Hover => "hover",
                     MouseKind::ScrollUp => "scrollup",
                     MouseKind::ScrollDown => "scrolldown",
                 };
@@ -178,6 +180,7 @@ impl InputKey {
                 "click" => MouseKind::Click,
                 "dblclick" => MouseKind::DblClick,
                 "drag" => MouseKind::Drag,
+                "hover" => MouseKind::Hover,
                 "scrollup" => MouseKind::ScrollUp,
                 "scrolldown" => MouseKind::ScrollDown,
                 other => return Err(InputParseError::UnknownMouseKind(other.into())),
@@ -297,6 +300,7 @@ where
             let mk = match kind {
                 MouseEventKind::Down(MouseButton::Left) => MouseKind::Click,
                 MouseEventKind::Drag(MouseButton::Left) => MouseKind::Drag,
+                MouseEventKind::Moved => MouseKind::Hover,
                 MouseEventKind::ScrollUp => MouseKind::ScrollUp,
                 MouseEventKind::ScrollDown => MouseKind::ScrollDown,
                 _ => return None,
@@ -681,6 +685,9 @@ mod tests {
         let s = "mouse:dblclick(sidebar-row)";
         let k = InputKey::parse(s).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(k.canonical(), s);
+        let s = "mouse:hover(pane)";
+        let k = InputKey::parse(s).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(k.canonical(), s);
     }
 
     #[test]

crates/maestro-tui/src/palette.rs

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ impl Surface {
     pub fn activity(&self, state: ActivityState) -> Color {
         match state {
             ActivityState::Active => self.active,
-            ActivityState::Idle => self.idle,
+            ActivityState::Idle | ActivityState::Starting => self.idle,
             ActivityState::AwaitingInput => self.awaiting,
             ActivityState::Error => self.error,
         }
@@ -928,9 +928,10 @@ pub fn contrast_ratio(a: Color, b: Color) -> Option<f64> {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
-    const STATES: [ActivityState; 4] = [
+    const STATES: [ActivityState; 5] = [
         ActivityState::Active,
         ActivityState::Idle,
+        ActivityState::Starting,
         ActivityState::AwaitingInput,
         ActivityState::Error,
     ];

crates/maestro-tui/src/sidebar.rs

@@ -979,6 +979,7 @@ mod tests {
         for state in [
             ActivityState::Active,
             ActivityState::Idle,
+            ActivityState::Starting,
             ActivityState::AwaitingInput,
             ActivityState::Error,
         ] {
@@ -1009,6 +1010,7 @@ mod tests {
         for state in [
             ActivityState::Active,
             ActivityState::Idle,
+            ActivityState::Starting,
             ActivityState::AwaitingInput,
             ActivityState::Error,
         ] {

crates/maestro-tui/src/structured_pane.rs

@@ -308,11 +308,12 @@ fn fallback_after_removal(
 
 fn build_lines(state: &StructuredState, width: usize) -> Vec<VisualLine> {
     let mut out = Vec::new();
-    for row in &state.rows {
+    for (index, row) in state.rows.iter().enumerate() {
         if row.kind == TranscriptRowKind::Plan {
             continue;
         }
         let row_width = width.saturating_sub(1).max(1);
+        let start = out.len();
         match row.kind {
             TranscriptRowKind::User => push_wrapped(
                 &mut out,
@@ -356,10 +357,53 @@ fn build_lines(state: &StructuredState, width: usize) -> Vec<VisualLine> {
             ),
             TranscriptRowKind::Plan => {}
         }
+        if out.len() > start
+            && state.rows[index + 1..]
+                .iter()
+                .any(|next| next.kind != TranscriptRowKind::Plan)
+        {
+            // A blank surface line is the vertical padding that keeps adjacent
+            // transcript blocks readable at a glance.
+            out.push(VisualLine {
+                text: String::new(),
+                row_id: None,
+                rail: false,
+                tone: Tone::Normal,
+            });
+        }
     }
     out
 }
 
+/// Text supplied to the terminal clipboard when a transcript block is
+/// clicked. It preserves the full tool detail rather than its compact preview.
+pub fn copy_text(row: &TranscriptRow) -> String {
+    match row.kind {
+        TranscriptRowKind::User
+        | TranscriptRowKind::AgentText
+        | TranscriptRowKind::AgentThought => content_text(row),
+        TranscriptRowKind::ToolCall | TranscriptRowKind::ToolDiff => {
+            let (name, argument) = tool_title(row);
+            let mut lines = vec![if argument.is_empty() {
+                name
+            } else {
+                format!("{name}  {argument}")
+            }];
+            lines.extend(tool_content_lines(row, None));
+            lines.join("\n")
+        }
+        TranscriptRowKind::Approval => row
+            .data
+            .get("toolCall")
+            .and_then(|tool| tool.get("title"))
+            .and_then(serde_json::Value::as_str)
+            .unwrap_or("permission requested")
+            .into(),
+        TranscriptRowKind::Notice => "[notice]".into(),
+        TranscriptRowKind::Plan => String::new(),
+    }
+}
+
 fn push_wrapped(
     out: &mut Vec<VisualLine>,
     row: &TranscriptRow,
@@ -1000,6 +1044,39 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn transcript_blocks_have_a_padding_line_between_them() {
+        let mut state = StructuredState::default();
+        state.rows = vec![
+            row(
+                "one",
+                TranscriptRowKind::User,
+                json!({"content":{"type":"text","text":"first"}}),
+            ),
+            row(
+                "two",
+                TranscriptRowKind::AgentText,
+                json!({"content":{"type":"text","text":"second"}}),
+            ),
+        ];
+
+        let lines = build_lines(&state, 80);
+        assert_eq!(lines.len(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(lines[1].text, "");
+        assert!(lines[1].row_id.is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn copying_a_tool_keeps_its_full_detail() {
+        let tool = row(
+            "t",
+            TranscriptRowKind::ToolCall,
+            json!({"title":"Bash(cargo test)","content":[{"type":"content","content":{"type":"text","text":"all green"}}]}),
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(copy_text(&tool), "Bash  cargo test\nall green");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn tool_is_compact_until_selected_row_expands() {
         let mut state = StructuredState::default();
@@ -1420,7 +1497,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut state = StructuredState::default();
         state.follow_selection = false;
         numbered_rows(&mut state, 20);
-        state.scroll = 10;
+        state.scroll = 20;
 
         let before = render_transcript_lines(&pane, &mut state, 30, 5);
         assert!(before[0].contains("line 10"), "{before:?}");
@@ -1439,7 +1516,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut state = StructuredState::default();
         state.follow_selection = false;
         numbered_rows(&mut state, 20);
-        state.scroll = 10;
+        state.scroll = 20;
 
         let before = render_transcript_lines(&pane, &mut state, 30, 5);
         assert!(before[0].contains("line 10"), "{before:?}");
@@ -1459,7 +1536,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut state = StructuredState::default();
         state.follow_selection = false;
         numbered_rows(&mut state, 20);
-        state.scroll = 10;
+        state.scroll = 20;
 
         let before = render_transcript_lines(&pane, &mut state, 30, 5);
         assert!(before[0].contains("line 10"), "{before:?}");
@@ -1478,7 +1555,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut state = StructuredState::default();
         state.follow_selection = false;
         numbered_rows(&mut state, 20);
-        state.scroll = 10;
+        state.scroll = 20;
 
         let before = render_transcript_lines(&pane, &mut state, 30, 5);
         assert!(before[0].contains("line 10"), "{before:?}");
@@ -1497,7 +1574,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut state = StructuredState::default();
         state.follow_selection = false;
         numbered_rows(&mut state, 20);
-        state.scroll = 10;
+        state.scroll = 20;
 
         render_transcript_lines(&pane, &mut state, 30, 5);
         // Simulate a `TranscriptDelta::Patch` on a collapsed tool row above the

crates/maestro-tui/src/structured_task.rs

@@ -199,6 +199,18 @@ impl StructuredState {
         self.follow_selection = true;
     }
 
+    /// Select the transcript block under a rendered transcript line. Pointer
+    /// input uses the same row identity map as scroll reconciliation, so a
+    /// wrapped block behaves as one target.
+    pub fn select_rendered_line(&mut self, line: usize) -> bool {
+        let Some(id) = self.line_rows.get(line).and_then(Clone::clone) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        self.selected = Some(id);
+        self.follow_selection = false;
+        true
+    }
+
     pub fn toggle_selected(&mut self) {
         let Some(id) = self.selected.clone() else {
             return;
@@ -657,6 +669,25 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(state.composer.value(), "hi");
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn selecting_a_rendered_line_selects_its_whole_block() {
+        let mut state = StructuredState {
+            line_rows: vec![
+                Some("one".into()),
+                Some("one".into()),
+                None,
+                Some("two".into()),
+            ],
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+
+        assert!(state.select_rendered_line(1));
+        assert_eq!(state.selected.as_deref(), Some("one"));
+        assert!(!state.follow_selection);
+        assert!(!state.select_rendered_line(2));
+        assert_eq!(state.selected.as_deref(), Some("one"));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn authoritative_idle_snapshot_reconciles_a_wholly_missed_turn() {
         let mut state = StructuredState::default();

crates/maestro/Cargo.toml

@@ -29,3 +29,6 @@ tracing-subscriber.workspace = true
 maestro-cli = { path = "../maestro-cli", optional = true, default-features = false }
 maestro-daemon = { path = "../maestro-daemon", optional = true, default-features = false }
 maestro-tui = { path = "../maestro-tui", optional = true }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+tempfile.workspace = true

crates/maestro/tests/subcommand_routing.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+//! Process-level routing for the umbrella `maestro` binary (#10): each
+//! enabled top-level subcommand must reach its own crate's runtime dispatch,
+//! not just parse successfully.
+//!
+//! A malformed `--config` file makes every crate's dispatch fail identically
+//! at config load, before any subcommand touches tmux, the network, or a
+//! terminal. That lets the assertions tell "clap parsed it but the handler
+//! never ran" (a usage error, exit 2) apart from "it dispatched into the real
+//! crate" (a `toml decode` runtime error via `main`'s `maestro: {e}` printer,
+//! exit 1).
+//!
+//! The absence tests below only compile when the matching feature is off, so
+//! they run under CI's per-feature-subset matrix (`--no-default-features
+//! --features cli|daemon|tui`) rather than the default all-features build.
+
+use std::io::Write;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::process::{Command, Output};
+
+fn bin() -> PathBuf {
+    PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_BIN_EXE_maestro"))
+}
+
+fn bad_config() -> tempfile::NamedTempFile {
+    let mut f = tempfile::NamedTempFile::new().expect("create temp config file");
+    write!(f, "this is not valid toml {{{{{{").expect("write temp config");
+    f
+}
+
+fn run(args: &[&str]) -> Output {
+    Command::new(bin())
+        .args(args)
+        .output()
+        .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("spawn `maestro {args:?}`: {e}"))
+}
+
+/// Real dispatch happened: exit 1, `main`'s `"maestro: {e}"` prefix, and the
+/// config crate's error surfacing through — never clap's own usage-error
+/// page, which would mean the subcommand never reached its handler.
+fn assert_dispatched(out: &Output) {
+    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stderr);
+    assert_eq!(out.status.code(), Some(1), "stderr:\n{stderr}");
+    assert!(stderr.starts_with("maestro: "), "stderr:\n{stderr}");
+    assert!(stderr.contains("toml decode"), "stderr:\n{stderr}");
+    assert!(!stderr.contains("Usage:"), "stderr:\n{stderr}");
+}
+
+/// Never reached a handler: clap rejected the subcommand outright because the
+/// feature that defines it is off. Only used by the `not(feature = "...")`
+/// tests below, which themselves only exist in a single-feature build.
+#[cfg(not(all(feature = "cli", feature = "daemon", feature = "tui")))]
+fn assert_unrecognized(out: &Output, name: &str) {
+    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stderr);
+    assert_eq!(out.status.code(), Some(2), "stderr:\n{stderr}");
+    assert!(
+        stderr.contains("unrecognized subcommand"),
+        "stderr:\n{stderr}"
+    );
+    assert!(stderr.contains(name), "stderr:\n{stderr}");
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "cli")]
+#[test]
+fn list_dispatches_into_maestro_cli() {
+    let cfg = bad_config();
+    let out = run(&["list", "--config", cfg.path().to_str().unwrap()]);
+    assert_dispatched(&out);
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "cli"))]
+#[test]
+fn list_is_unrecognized_without_cli_feature() {
+    assert_unrecognized(&run(&["list"]), "list");
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "daemon")]
+#[test]
+fn daemon_dispatches_into_maestro_daemon() {
+    let cfg = bad_config();
+    let out = run(&["daemon", "--config", cfg.path().to_str().unwrap()]);
+    assert_dispatched(&out);
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "daemon"))]
+#[test]
+fn daemon_is_unrecognized_without_daemon_feature() {
+    assert_unrecognized(&run(&["daemon"]), "daemon");
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "tui")]
+#[test]
+fn tui_dispatches_into_maestro_tui() {
+    let cfg = bad_config();
+    let out = run(&["tui", "--config", cfg.path().to_str().unwrap()]);
+    assert_dispatched(&out);
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "tui"))]
+#[test]
+fn tui_is_unrecognized_without_tui_feature() {
+    assert_unrecognized(&run(&["tui"]), "tui");
+}

docs/INSTALL.md

@@ -195,25 +195,28 @@ An unknown name is rejected as an `[tui].theme` configuration error.
 The full action vocabulary is the `Action` enum in
 `crates/maestro-tui/src/action.rs`.
 
-## Structured sessions: `claude-code-acp`
+## Structured sessions: ACP adapters
 
-A session spawned with `view: Structured` (#134) runs Claude Code as a child
+A session spawned with `view: Structured` runs Claude Code or Codex as a child
 of the daemon over the Agent Client Protocol instead of in a tmux pane. The
-daemon resolves the adapter binary, `claude-code-acp`, on its `PATH` at spawn
-time. Install it once per host:
+resolved session command selects the adapter binary, which must be on the
+session's `PATH` when the spawn request sets one, or the daemon's `PATH`
+otherwise. Install the adapter for each provider you use:
 
 ```sh
 npm install -g --prefix ~/.local @zed-industries/claude-code-acp
+npm install -g --prefix ~/.local @agentclientprotocol/codex-acp
 ```
 
-That puts `claude-code-acp` in `~/.local/bin`, which must be on the daemon's
-`PATH` (a systemd user unit does not read your shell profile; set
+That puts `claude-code-acp` and `codex-acp` in `~/.local/bin`, which must be on
+the applicable `PATH` (a systemd user unit does not read your shell profile; set
 `Environment=PATH=…` in the unit or install somewhere already on it). The
-adapter needs a logged-in Claude Code (`claude /login`).
+Claude adapter needs a logged-in Claude Code (`claude /login`); Codex uses the
+Codex CLI's or adapter's configured authentication.
 
 When the adapter is missing the spawn still creates the session, marked dead
-with the install command above as its activity detail, so the sidebar says
-what to run. The adapter is a child of the daemon: it ends with a `DELETE
+with the provider-specific install command as its activity detail, so clients
+say what to run. The adapter is a child of the daemon: it ends with a `DELETE
 /api/sessions/:id` (`session/cancel`, then `SIGTERM`) and with the daemon
 itself. A daemon restart ends an in-flight structured turn, but preserves its
 worktree, session record, and event-log transcript. The replacement daemon

docs/SIDEBAR.md

@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ The state word is never spelled out — the colour carries it.
 | ---------------- | --------- | ---------------- |
 | `Active`         | `--live`  | `active`         |
 | `Idle`           | `--muted` | `idle`           |
+| `Starting`       | `--muted` | `idle`           |
 | `AwaitingInput`  | `--warn`  | `awaiting`       |
 | `Error`          | `--danger`| `error`          |
 

docs/STRUCTURED-VIEW.md

@@ -35,6 +35,22 @@ session's worktree holds unsaved work — applies to a structured session
 exactly as it does to a terminal one; only what gets terminated differs (an
 ACP handle instead of a tmux pane).
 
+## Choosing the view
+
+`view` is fixed at spawn and never changes. Every client picks it the same
+way, from the resolved command alone
+(`maestro_protocol::display::supports_structured_view`): a command that
+resolves to Claude Code or Codex spawns **Structured** by default, anything
+else spawns **Terminal**. The operator can override the default — the web and
+TUI spawn forms show the checkbox ticked and let it be unticked, and
+`maestro spawn` takes `--terminal` (or `--structured`, which sends the request
+even for a command the CLI does not recognise and lets the daemon refuse it).
+Once the operator works the toggle, a later command change never re-ticks it
+under them; it can still be forced off when the new command has no adapter.
+
+The daemon is the last word: a `Structured` request for a command with no
+adapter is refused there, whichever client sent it.
+
 ## The adapter
 
 The resolved structured command selects a provider adapter. Its binary is
@@ -174,9 +190,13 @@ choices, not daemon ones.
   from the transcript; the TUI may show the current plan in its status line,
   while the web client deliberately has no stats or plan rail.
 - The web client groups two or more tool rows after the same `User` row into
-  one collapsed turn activity block. Opening it reveals independently
-  expandable tool calls, including any raw command, input, output, and diff
-  content the adapter supplied.
+  one collapsed turn activity block. `AgentText` and `AgentThought` rows that
+  appear *between* tool rows in the same turn are absorbed into the group
+  (intermediate narration); the last `AgentText` with no subsequent tool stays
+  outside as the prominent final answer. The header still reads
+  "N tool calls" (counting only tool rows). Opening the group reveals tools
+  and intermediate text in chronological order, with the text rendered in a
+  subdued style.
 - The web client's user, agent, thought, tool-detail, and notice text blocks
   copy their complete source text when clicked or keyboard-activated.
 - The web client consumes `available_commands_update` notices as the live
@@ -302,6 +322,26 @@ pending decision, entirely on the daemon side:
 
 ## Prompt and cancel: bounded liveness
 
+The web composer accepts up to ten files through its attachment picker, file
+drop, or clipboard. Pasted text of at least 4,000 characters or 40 lines becomes
+a UTF-8 `.txt` attachment. Shorter pastes stay in the composer. Attachments can
+be removed before sending; failed sends retain the draft and attachments.
+Pastes also stay inline when all ten attachment slots are occupied or the text
+exceeds the 20 MiB file limit.
+
+On send, `POST /api/sessions/:id/structured/attachments?name=<filename>` uploads
+each file as raw bytes (20 MiB maximum) and returns its absolute `path`.
+Only live structured sessions accept uploads. Filenames are limited to 180
+bytes and cannot contain directory separators or control characters. Files get unique names and private
+file permissions in `<id>.attachments` beside the session sidecar. They persist
+across daemon restarts; removing a composer chip does not delete uploaded data.
+There is currently no automatic attachment cleanup.
+
+The prompt includes each filename and host path so the adapter can read it
+through its own file tools, including images when the provider supports them.
+These references are persisted in the ordinary user transcript row. Attachment
+bytes are not embedded in ACP messages or transcript history.
+
 `POST /api/sessions/:id/structured/prompt` and `.../cancel` are serialized
 against each other through one per-session `operation` lock
 (`AcpEventStream::operation`), because ACP permission callbacks carry no
@@ -310,11 +350,15 @@ thing a callback can be attributed to, so at most one turn may ever be
 in flight, and a cancelled turn must fully settle before the next prompt is
 allowed to claim the daemon's idea of "the active turn."
 
-- A prompt is appended as a durable `User` row before it claims the turn and
+- Web clients may collect a visible FIFO of operator messages while a turn is
+  active. They submit each queued message only after the projected turn becomes
+  idle; the queue is client-local and unsent messages do not survive a reload.
+- A submitted prompt is appended as a durable `User` row before it claims the turn and
   dispatches to ACP, so the transcript never depends on an adapter echoing the
   operator's input. If that append fails, the prompt is not dispatched. While a
   turn is active, a second prompt gets `409 turn_in_flight` rather than
-  queuing — one active turn per session, never a hidden queue of prompts.
+  queuing in the daemon — one active turn per session, never a hidden
+  server-side queue of prompts.
 - Cancel sends `session/cancel`, clears any pending approval as `Cancelled`,
   and ends the turn's client-visible lifecycle immediately. If the cancelled
   turn was still *dispatched* to ACP (waiting on its response), the daemon

flake.nix

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
             pnpmDeps = (pkgs.fetchPnpmDeps.override { pnpm = pkgs.pnpm_10; }) {
               inherit (finalAttrs) pname version src;
               fetcherVersion = 3;
-              hash = "sha256-hOqiAbnjKsoQnV8lgto5HspDsLIb+48sNLkShIjCZPQ=";
+              hash = "sha256-AzF/rrhqbvl613hNsC18YSylBSVxtatg7fEiUEF1u2o=";
             };
 
             buildPhase = ''

web/package.json

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
   "packageManager": "pnpm@9.15.4",
   "scripts": {
     "dev": "vite",
-    "build": "tsc -b && vite build",
+    "build": "tsc -b tsconfig.build.json && vite build",
     "preview": "vite preview",
     "typecheck": "tsc -b --noEmit",
     "test": "vitest run",

web/src/api.ts

@@ -184,6 +184,15 @@ export async function sendStructuredPrompt(id: Uuid, prompt: string): Promise<vo
   );
 }
 
+export async function uploadStructuredFile(id: Uuid, file: File): Promise<{ path: string }> {
+  return jsonOrError(await fetch(`${routes.structuredAttachment(id)}?name=${encodeURIComponent(file.name)}`, {
+    method: "POST",
+    credentials: "same-origin",
+    headers: { "content-type": "application/octet-stream" },
+    body: file,
+  }));
+}
+
 /** Cancel a structured session's active ACP turn (#138). */
 export async function cancelStructuredTurn(id: Uuid): Promise<void> {
   await jsonOrError(

web/src/attach.ts

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ export function createAttachConnection(
     <div class="attach-body"></div>
   `;
 
+  const titleEl = el.querySelector(".attach-title") as HTMLSpanElement;
   const body = el.querySelector(".attach-body") as HTMLDivElement;
   const stateEl = el.querySelector(".attach-state") as HTMLSpanElement;
   const disconnectBtn = el.querySelector(".disconnect") as HTMLButtonElement;
@@ -323,6 +324,9 @@ export function createAttachConnection(
   let ws: WebSocket;
   let reconnectMs = INITIAL_RECONNECT_MS;
   let reconnectTimer: number | null = null;
+  // Snapshot replay starts at row zero, which can leave Codex at its oldest line.
+  // Follow it once per socket; later scrolling remains under the operator's control.
+  let awaitingReplay = true;
 
   const sendControl = (msg: ClientControl) => {
     if (ws.readyState !== WebSocket.OPEN) return;
@@ -342,6 +346,7 @@ export function createAttachConnection(
   };
 
   function connect(): void {
+    awaitingReplay = true;
     ws = new WebSocket(attachWsUrl(sessionId));
     ws.binaryType = "arraybuffer";
 
@@ -362,10 +367,20 @@ export function createAttachConnection(
         return;
       }
       if (ev.data instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
-        term.write(new Uint8Array(ev.data));
+        const replay = awaitingReplay;
+        awaitingReplay = false;
+        term.write(new Uint8Array(ev.data), () => {
+          if (replay) term.scrollToBottom();
+        });
       } else if (ev.data instanceof Blob) {
         // Some browsers may default to Blob despite binaryType="arraybuffer".
-        ev.data.arrayBuffer().then((b) => term.write(new Uint8Array(b)));
+        void ev.data.arrayBuffer().then((b) => {
+          const replay = awaitingReplay;
+          awaitingReplay = false;
+          term.write(new Uint8Array(b), () => {
+            if (replay) term.scrollToBottom();
+          });
+        });
       }
     };
 
@@ -463,6 +478,10 @@ export function createAttachConnection(
     // The closure above: the same bytes-out path keystrokes and the mobile key
     // bar already take.
     sendInput,
+    updateInfo(next: AttachInfo) {
+      titleEl.innerHTML = paneTitleHtml(sessionId, next);
+      titleEl.title = paneTitleAttr(sessionId, next);
+    },
     dispose() {
       if (disposed) return;
       disposed = true;

web/src/catalog.ts

@@ -663,8 +663,9 @@ export function renderSidebar(store: CatalogStore, opts: SidebarOptions = {}): S
     applyNav();
   };
 
-  // Hover previews the row under the pointer (docs/PREVIEW.md). Touch is left
-  // out: there is no hover there, and a tap already opens the session.
+  // Pointer hover previews only while Ctrl is held — plain hover was too
+  // disruptive when sweeping the sidebar. Keyboard walk (j/k) still previews
+  // unconditionally via applyNav.
   let hovered: string | null = null;
   const setHovered = (id: string | null) => {
     if (hovered === id) return;
@@ -672,7 +673,7 @@ export function renderSidebar(store: CatalogStore, opts: SidebarOptions = {}): S
     opts.onPreview?.(id);
   };
   treeHost.addEventListener("pointerover", (e) => {
-    if (e.pointerType === "touch") return;
+    if (e.pointerType === "touch" || !e.ctrlKey) return;
     const row = (e.target as HTMLElement | null)?.closest<HTMLElement>(".tree-leaf");
     setHovered(row?.dataset.sessionId ?? null);
   });

web/src/connections.test.ts

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ function fakeConn(kind: string, id: string) {
     sendInput(data: string) {
       sent.push({ id, data });
     },
+    updateInfo() {},
     dispose() {
       disposed.push(`${kind}:${id}`);
     },

web/src/connections.ts

@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ export class ConnectionPool {
       } else {
         this.cache.delete(id);
         this.cache.set(id, conn); // LRU refresh
+        if (info) conn.updateInfo(info);
       }
     } else {
       conn = this.create(id, info);

web/src/pane.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 // transcript (structured.ts).
 
 import type { Uuid } from "./types.js";
+import type { AttachInfo } from "./paneTitle.js";
 
 export interface PaneConnection {
   readonly sessionId: Uuid;
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@ export interface PaneConnection {
    *  literal-byte escape hatch, docs/COMMAND-BAR.md). A structured connection
    *  has no PTY, so this is a no-op there. */
   sendInput(data: string): void;
+  /** Refresh the pane header after the catalog renames a live session. */
+  updateInfo(info: AttachInfo): void;
   /** Fully disconnect and remove the element. */
   dispose(): void;
 }

web/src/routes.ts

@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ export function structuredPrompt(id: Uuid): string {
   return `${session(id)}/structured/prompt`;
 }
 
+export function structuredAttachment(id: Uuid): string {
+  return `${session(id)}/structured/attachments`;
+}
+
 /** `POST /api/sessions/:id/structured/cancel` — cancel an ACP turn. */
 export function structuredCancel(id: Uuid): string {
   return `${session(id)}/structured/cancel`;

web/src/sidebarNav.test.ts

@@ -182,26 +182,32 @@ describe("sidebar preview requests (docs/PREVIEW.md)", () => {
     expect(seen.at(-1)).toBe(null);
   });
 
-  it("asks for a preview of the hovered card, and clears it on the way out", () => {
+  it("ctrl+hover previews a card, plain hover does not", () => {
     const seen: (string | null)[] = [];
     const { el } = twoFolders({ onPreview: (id) => seen.push(id) });
     const card = el.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(".tree-leaf")[0];
 
+    // Plain hover — no preview.
     card.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent("pointerover", { bubbles: true, pointerType: "mouse" }));
+    expect(seen).toEqual([]);
+
+    // Ctrl+hover — preview fires.
+    card.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent("pointerover", { bubbles: true, pointerType: "mouse", ctrlKey: true }));
     expect(seen).toEqual([A]);
-    // Moving within the same card is not a new preview.
-    card.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent("pointerover", { bubbles: true, pointerType: "mouse" }));
+
+    // Deduplicated while still on the same card.
+    card.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent("pointerover", { bubbles: true, pointerType: "mouse", ctrlKey: true }));
     expect(seen).toHaveLength(1);
 
     tree(el).dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent("pointerleave", { pointerType: "mouse" }));
     expect(seen.at(-1)).toBe(null);
   });
 
-  it("ignores touch, where a tap already opens the session", () => {
+  it("ignores touch even with ctrl", () => {
     const seen: (string | null)[] = [];
     const { el } = twoFolders({ onPreview: (id) => seen.push(id) });
     const card = el.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(".tree-leaf")[0];
-    card.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent("pointerover", { bubbles: true, pointerType: "touch" }));
+    card.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent("pointerover", { bubbles: true, pointerType: "touch", ctrlKey: true }));
     expect(seen).toEqual([]);
   });
 });

web/src/spawnForm.test.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ const base: SpawnFormValues = {
   cwd: "/home/user/project",
   name: "amber-fox",
   structuredView: false,
+  autoApprove: false,
   worktreeEnabled: false,
   worktreeBranch: "",
   worktreeBranchMode: "new",

web/src/spawnForm.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import { attachDirAutocomplete } from "./dirAutocomplete.js";
 import { parentDir } from "./paths.js";
 import { filterProjects, groupProjects, isStale, sortProjects } from "./projectList.js";
 import type { ProjectGroup } from "./projectList.js";
-import { splitCommand } from "./toolIcon.js";
+import { splitCommand, toolIconSvg, TOOL_LABELS } from "./toolIcon.js";
 import { abbreviateCwd } from "./types.js";
 import type { BranchInfo, CreateSessionRequest, Project, Session, SpawnPreset } from "./types.js";
 
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ export interface SpawnFormValues {
   cwd: string;
   name: string;
   structuredView: boolean;
+  autoApprove: boolean;
   worktreeEnabled: boolean;
   worktreeBranch: string;
   worktreeBranchEdited: boolean;
@@ -79,6 +80,10 @@ export function buildSpawnRequest(
     req.view = "Structured";
   }
 
+  if (values.autoApprove) {
+    req.auto_approve = true;
+  }
+
   if (values.worktreeEnabled) {
     const mode = values.worktreeBranchMode ?? "new";
     const branch = values.worktreeBranch.trim();
@@ -135,6 +140,12 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
   const form = document.createElement("form");
   form.className = "spawn-form";
   form.innerHTML = `
+    <div class="field">
+      <span class="field-label">Harness</span>
+      <div class="harness-grid cmd-tiles"></div>
+      <input class="raw-input cmd-raw" name="command_raw" type="text" hidden
+             placeholder="bash -l" autocomplete="off" />
+    </div>
     <div class="field">
       <span class="field-label">Project</span>
       <input class="raw-input project-filter" type="text" placeholder="Filter projects…"
@@ -146,26 +157,20 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
                placeholder="/home/user/project" inputmode="text" autocomplete="off" />
       </div>
     </div>
-    <div class="field">
-      <span class="field-label">Command</span>
-      <div class="tile-row cmd-tiles"></div>
-      <input class="raw-input cmd-raw" name="command_raw" type="text" hidden
-             placeholder="bash -l" autocomplete="off" />
-    </div>
-    <div class="field">
-      <span class="field-label">Name</span>
-      <div class="name-row">
-        <input name="name" type="text" autocomplete="off"
-               placeholder="named after your first prompt" />
-      </div>
-    </div>
-    <fieldset class="worktree">
+    <div class="advanced">
       <button type="button" class="tree-folder-header wt-toggle" aria-expanded="false">
         <span class="chevron">▾</span>
-        <span class="folder-name">Advanced options</span>
+        <span class="folder-name">Advanced</span>
         <span class="wt-summary"></span>
       </button>
       <div class="wt-collapsible" hidden>
+        <div class="field">
+          <span class="field-label">Session name</span>
+          <div class="name-row">
+            <input name="name" type="text" autocomplete="off"
+                   placeholder="named after your first prompt" />
+          </div>
+        </div>
         <label class="row-inline structured-view" hidden>
           <input type="checkbox" name="structured_view" />
           Structured view
@@ -174,34 +179,36 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
           <span class="field-label">Worktree</span>
           <div class="picker wt-choices"></div>
         </div>
-        <label class="row-inline">
-          <input type="checkbox" name="worktree_enabled" />
-          Create git worktree
-        </label>
-        <p class="wt-hint" hidden></p>
-        <div class="wt-body" hidden>
-          <p class="wt-repo"></p>
-          <div class="wt-mode" role="radiogroup" aria-label="Branch source">
-            <label class="row-inline">
-              <input type="radio" name="worktree_branch_mode" value="new" />
-              New branch
+        <div class="adv-group">
+          <label class="row-inline">
+            <input type="checkbox" name="worktree_enabled" />
+            Create git worktree
+          </label>
+          <p class="wt-hint" hidden></p>
+          <div class="wt-body" hidden>
+            <p class="wt-repo"></p>
+            <div class="wt-mode" role="radiogroup" aria-label="Branch source">
+              <label class="row-inline">
+                <input type="radio" name="worktree_branch_mode" value="new" />
+                New branch
+              </label>
+              <label class="row-inline">
+                <input type="radio" name="worktree_branch_mode" value="existing" />
+                Existing branch
+              </label>
+            </div>
+            <label class="wt-new-wrap">
+              New branch name
+              <input name="worktree_branch" type="text" placeholder="feat/foo" autocomplete="off" />
             </label>
-            <label class="row-inline">
-              <input type="radio" name="worktree_branch_mode" value="existing" />
-              Existing branch
+            <label class="wt-exist-wrap" hidden>
+              Pick a branch
+              <select class="branch-select"></select>
             </label>
           </div>
-          <label class="wt-new-wrap">
-            New branch name
-            <input name="worktree_branch" type="text" placeholder="feat/foo" autocomplete="off" />
-          </label>
-          <label class="wt-exist-wrap" hidden>
-            Pick a branch
-            <select class="branch-select"></select>
-          </label>
         </div>
       </div>
-    </fieldset>
+    </div>
     <p class="form-error" role="alert" aria-live="polite"></p>
     <div class="form-actions">
       <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Spawn</button>
@@ -261,6 +268,8 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
   let ready = false;
   let destroyed = false;
   const branchValue = () => (branchMode === "existing" ? branchSelect.value : branchInput.value);
+  const selectedAutoApprove = () =>
+    presets.find((p) => p.id === selectedPresetId)?.auto_approve ?? false;
   const emit = () => {
     if (!ready || destroyed) return;
     opts.onChange?.({
@@ -268,6 +277,7 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
       cwd,
       name: nameInput.value,
       structuredView: structuredView.checked,
+      autoApprove: selectedAutoApprove(),
       worktreeEnabled: wtEnabled.checked,
       worktreeBranch: branchValue(),
       worktreeBranchEdited: branchEdited,
@@ -338,50 +348,92 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
       command = preset!.command;
     }
     updateStructuredAvailability();
-    for (const tile of cmdTiles.querySelectorAll(".tile")) {
-      tile.classList.toggle("is-active", (tile as HTMLElement).dataset.id === id);
+    for (const card of cmdTiles.querySelectorAll(".harness-card")) {
+      card.classList.toggle("is-active", (card as HTMLElement).dataset.id === id);
     }
     emit();
   }
 
-  /** Re-highlight the operator's already-picked tile after `renderCommandTiles`
-   * rebuilds the row from scratch (new tiles carry no `is-active` class) —
+  /** Re-highlight the operator's already-picked card after `renderCommandTiles`
+   * rebuilds the grid from scratch (new cards carry no `is-active` class) —
    * without touching `command`, since that was already settled. */
   function reapplyActiveTile(): void {
-    for (const tile of cmdTiles.querySelectorAll(".tile")) {
-      tile.classList.toggle("is-active", (tile as HTMLElement).dataset.id === selectedPresetId);
+    for (const card of cmdTiles.querySelectorAll(".harness-card")) {
+      card.classList.toggle("is-active", (card as HTMLElement).dataset.id === selectedPresetId);
     }
   }
 
+  /** Resolve a preset id to a tool icon id. The preset's command is the
+   * source of truth — `splitCommand` extracts the tool the same way the
+   * sidebar does. For the "Custom…" preset (empty command) there is no
+   * tool to show, and a terminal prompt stands in. */
+  function presetToolId(p: SpawnPreset): string | null {
+    if (!p.command) return null;
+    return splitCommand(p.command).tool;
+  }
+
   function renderCommandTiles(): void {
     cmdTiles.replaceChildren();
     for (const p of presets) {
-      const tile = document.createElement("button");
-      tile.type = "button";
-      tile.className = "tile";
-      tile.dataset.id = p.id;
-      tile.innerHTML = `<span class="tile-label">${escapeHtml(p.label)}</span>`;
-      tile.addEventListener("click", () => {
+      const isCustom = p.command === "";
+      const card = document.createElement("button");
+      card.type = "button";
+      card.className = isCustom ? "harness-card harness-custom" : "harness-card";
+      card.dataset.id = p.id;
+      const toolId = presetToolId(p);
+      const iconHtml = isCustom ? customIcon() : toolId ? harnessIcon(toolId) : harnessIcon("shell");
+      const label = TOOL_LABELS[toolId ?? ""] ?? p.label;
+      card.innerHTML =
+        `<span class="harness-icon">${iconHtml}</span>` +
+        `<span class="harness-label">${escapeHtml(isCustom ? "Custom\u2026" : label)}</span>`;
+      card.addEventListener("click", () => {
         commandTouched = true;
         selectPreset(p.id);
       });
-      cmdTiles.appendChild(tile);
+      cmdTiles.appendChild(card);
     }
   }
 
+  /** Render a harness card icon at card size (24x24). Re-uses the SVG bodies
+   * from toolIcon.ts but at a larger viewport so the marks breathe. */
+  function harnessIcon(toolId: string): string {
+    // toolIconSvg renders at 13x13 with viewBox 0 0 16 16 — we want the
+    // same shape at 24x24 for the card context.
+    const small = toolIconSvg(toolId);
+    if (!small) return "";
+    return small
+      .replace(/width="13"/g, 'width="24"')
+      .replace(/height="13"/g, 'height="24"');
+  }
+
+  /** An ellipsis mark for the "Custom…" escape hatch. */
+  function customIcon(): string {
+    return `<svg class="tool-icon" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="24" height="24" role="img" aria-label="Custom command"><title>Custom command</title><g fill="currentColor"><circle cx="4" cy="8" r="1.3"/><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="1.3"/><circle cx="12" cy="8" r="1.3"/></g></svg>`;
+  }
+
   // Set once the operator picks a tile or types a custom command — guards
   // `applyInitialCommand()` the same way `nameTouched` guards a late name
   // batch: a late `/api/info` resolution must never overwrite a field the
   // operator has already touched (#76).
   let commandTouched = false;
 
+  // Set once the operator works the checkbox themselves. Until then every
+  // command change re-derives the default (on for Claude Code and Codex, off
+  // for everything else); afterwards their choice outranks it, the same guard
+  // `commandTouched` gives the command field.
+  let structuredTouched = false;
+
   function updateStructuredAvailability(): void {
     const supported = supportsStructuredView(command);
     structuredWrap.hidden = !supported;
     if (!supported) structuredView.checked = false;
+    else if (!structuredTouched) structuredView.checked = true;
   }
 
-  structuredView.addEventListener("change", emit);
+  structuredView.addEventListener("change", () => {
+    structuredTouched = true;
+    emit();
+  });
 
   cmdRaw.addEventListener("input", () => {
     if (selectedPresetId === "custom" || presets.find((p) => p.id === selectedPresetId)?.command === "") {
@@ -628,16 +680,13 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
     box.type = "button";
     box.className = `project-box${isStale(project, new Date()) ? " is-stale" : ""}`;
     box.dataset.cwd = project.path;
-    const trees = worktreesOf(group).length;
     // The parent directory only — the last segment is the name line above it.
     // Unabbreviated beyond `~`, since the stem is what tells two projects
     // sharing a basename apart (#95).
     const parent = abbreviateCwd(parentDir(project.path), homeDir);
-    const meta = trees > 0 ? `${trees} worktree${trees === 1 ? "" : "s"}` : "";
     box.innerHTML = `
       <span class="project-name">${escapeHtml(project.name)}</span>
-      <span class="project-path">${escapeHtml(parent)}</span>
-      <span class="project-meta">${escapeHtml(meta)}</span>`;
+      <span class="project-path">${escapeHtml(parent)}</span>`;
     box.addEventListener("click", () => selectProject(group));
     return box;
   }
@@ -917,6 +966,7 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
         cwd,
         name: nameInput.value,
         structuredView: structuredView.checked,
+        autoApprove: selectedAutoApprove(),
         worktreeEnabled: wtEnabled.checked,
         worktreeBranch: branchValue(),
         worktreeBranchEdited: branchEdited,

web/src/spawnFormEnter.test.ts

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ describe("spawnForm Enter-to-submit (#97)", () => {
       const form = await mount([MAESTRO]);
       box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
       await drain();
-      form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('.cmd-tiles .tile[data-id="custom"]')!.click();
+      form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('.cmd-tiles .harness-card[data-id="custom"]')!.click();
       const raw = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>(".cmd-raw")!;
       raw.value = "bash -l";
       raw.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));

web/src/spawnFormPreset.test.ts

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ describe("spawnForm preset selection vs. late /api/info (#76)", () => {
     await drain();
 
     // Fallback presets are up; the operator picks "zsh" before /api/info lands.
-    const zshTile = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".tile")].find(
+    const zshTile = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".harness-card")].find(
       (t) => t.dataset.id === "zsh",
     )!;
     zshTile.click();
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ describe("spawnForm preset selection vs. late /api/info (#76)", () => {
     document.body.appendChild(form);
     await drain();
 
-    const customTile = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".tile")].find(
+    const customTile = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".harness-card")].find(
       (t) => t.dataset.id === "custom",
     )!;
     customTile.click();
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ describe("spawnForm preset selection vs. late /api/info (#76)", () => {
 
     // Untouched: the refined preset list is still free to settle the command.
     expect(values?.command).toBe("claude");
-    const fishTile = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".tile")].find(
+    const fishTile = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".harness-card")].find(
       (t) => t.dataset.id === "fish",
     );
     expect(fishTile).toBeDefined();

web/src/spawnFormStructured.test.ts

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe("spawn form structured view", () => {
     vi.unstubAllGlobals();
   });
 
-  it("is default-off and shown for resolved Claude Code and Codex commands", async () => {
+  it("is default-on and shown for resolved Claude Code and Codex commands", async () => {
     stubApi();
     handle = createSpawnForm({ onSuccess() {} });
     document.body.appendChild(handle.el);
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ describe("spawn form structured view", () => {
     handle.el.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".wt-toggle")!.click();
     expect(disclosure.hidden).toBe(false);
     expect(wrap.hidden).toBe(false);
-    expect(checkbox.checked).toBe(false);
+    expect(checkbox.checked).toBe(true);
 
     const custom = handle.el.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('[data-id="custom"]')!;
     custom.click();
@@ -65,13 +65,34 @@ describe("spawn form structured view", () => {
     command.value = "FOO=1 /usr/local/bin/codex";
     command.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
     expect(wrap.hidden).toBe(false);
+    expect(checkbox.checked).toBe(true);
 
     command.value = "opencode";
     command.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
     expect(wrap.hidden).toBe(true);
+    expect(checkbox.checked).toBe(false);
   });
 
-  it("clears a checked value when Codex changes to an unsupported command", async () => {
+  it("keeps an unchecked box unchecked across a command change", async () => {
+    stubApi();
+    handle = createSpawnForm({ onSuccess() {} });
+    document.body.appendChild(handle.el);
+    await drain();
+
+    const checkbox = handle.el.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=structured_view]")!;
+    expect(checkbox.checked).toBe(true);
+    checkbox.click();
+    expect(checkbox.checked).toBe(false);
+
+    handle.el.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('[data-id="custom"]')!.click();
+    const command = handle.el.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>(".cmd-raw")!;
+    command.value = "codex";
+    command.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
+
+    expect(checkbox.checked).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("clears the checked default when Codex changes to an unsupported command", async () => {
     stubApi();
     handle = createSpawnForm({ onSuccess() {} });
     document.body.appendChild(handle.el);
@@ -83,7 +104,6 @@ describe("spawn form structured view", () => {
     command.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
 
     const checkbox = handle.el.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=structured_view]")!;
-    checkbox.click();
     expect(checkbox.checked).toBe(true);
 
     command.value = "opencode";
@@ -93,7 +113,7 @@ describe("spawn form structured view", () => {
     expect(checkbox.checked).toBe(false);
   });
 
-  it.each(["claude", "codex"])("emits Structured for a selected %s command", async (tool) => {
+  it.each(["claude", "codex"])("emits Structured for a %s command by default", async (tool) => {
     const requests = stubApi();
     handle = createSpawnForm({
       seed: { cwd: "/srv/work", cwdRawVisible: true, worktreeEnabled: false },
@@ -109,7 +129,6 @@ describe("spawn form structured view", () => {
       command.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
     }
 
-    handle.el.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=structured_view]")!.click();
     handle.el.requestSubmit();
     await drain();
 
@@ -119,4 +138,21 @@ describe("spawn form structured view", () => {
       view: "Structured",
     });
   });
+
+  it("emits no view once the operator unticks the box", async () => {
+    const requests = stubApi();
+    handle = createSpawnForm({
+      seed: { cwd: "/srv/work", cwdRawVisible: true, worktreeEnabled: false },
+      onSuccess() {},
+    });
+    document.body.appendChild(handle.el);
+    await drain();
+
+    handle.el.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=structured_view]")!.click();
+    handle.el.requestSubmit();
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(requests).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(JSON.parse(String(requests[0].body)).view).toBeUndefined();
+  });
 });

web/src/spawnModal.test.ts

@@ -52,14 +52,14 @@ describe("spawn modal", () => {
     expect(host.querySelector(".form-actions .cancel")).toBeTruthy();
   });
 
-  it("opens with the project filter focused, ahead of the command tiles", async () => {
+  it("opens with the project filter focused, harness before project", async () => {
     openSpawnModal({ onSuccess: () => {} });
     await flush();
 
     const form = modal()!.querySelector("form.spawn-form")!;
     expect(document.activeElement).toBe(form.querySelector(".project-filter"));
     const fields = [...form.querySelectorAll(".field .field-label")].map((el) => el.textContent);
-    expect(fields.slice(0, 2)).toEqual(["Project", "Command"]);
+    expect(fields.slice(0, 2)).toEqual(["Harness", "Project"]);
   });
 
   it("titles a seeded open as a clone", async () => {

web/src/structured.test.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ vi.mock("./api.js", async () => {
   return {
     ...actual,
     sendStructuredPrompt: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
+    uploadStructuredFile: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({ path: "/uploads/pasted.txt" }),
     cancelStructuredTurn: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
     resolveStructuredApproval: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
     setStructuredConfig: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ import {
   cancelStructuredTurn,
   resolveStructuredApproval,
   sendStructuredPrompt,
+  uploadStructuredFile,
   setStructuredConfig,
 } from "./api.js";
 import { TOGGLE_DRAWER_EVENT } from "./drawer.js";
@@ -95,6 +97,53 @@ function mount(opts: {
 describe("structured connection: data flow", () => {
   beforeEach(() => vi.clearAllMocks());
 
+  it("converts long pasted text into a removable file and sends it without reply text", async () => {
+    const conn = mount({ sockets: [new FakeSocket()] });
+    const input = conn.el.querySelector("textarea")!;
+    const paste = new Event("paste", { bubbles: true, cancelable: true });
+    Object.defineProperty(paste, "clipboardData", { value: {
+      files: [], getData: () => "a".repeat(4000),
+    } });
+    input.dispatchEvent(paste);
+    expect(paste.defaultPrevented).toBe(true);
+    expect(input.value).toBe("");
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector(".structured-attachments")!.textContent).toContain("pasted-1.txt");
+    conn.el.querySelector("form")!.dispatchEvent(new Event("submit", { cancelable: true }));
+    await vi.waitFor(() => expect(sendStructuredPrompt).toHaveBeenCalledWith("s1", expect.stringContaining("/uploads/pasted.txt")));
+    expect(uploadStructuredFile).toHaveBeenCalledWith("s1", expect.objectContaining({ name: "pasted-1.txt", size: 4000 }));
+    conn.dispose();
+  });
+
+  it("leaves short pastes alone", () => {
+    const conn = mount({ sockets: [new FakeSocket()] });
+    const paste = new Event("paste", { bubbles: true, cancelable: true });
+    Object.defineProperty(paste, "clipboardData", { value: { files: [], getData: () => "hello" } });
+    conn.el.querySelector("textarea")!.dispatchEvent(paste);
+    expect(paste.defaultPrevented).toBe(false);
+    conn.dispose();
+  });
+
+  it("retains failed uploads for retry and lets the operator remove them", async () => {
+    vi.mocked(uploadStructuredFile).mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("Upload failed"));
+    const conn = mount({ sockets: [new FakeSocket()] });
+    const input = conn.el.querySelector("textarea")!;
+    input.value = "Read this";
+    const paste = new Event("paste", { bubbles: true, cancelable: true });
+    Object.defineProperty(paste, "clipboardData", { value: {
+      files: [new File(["content"], "notes.txt")], getData: () => "",
+    } });
+    input.dispatchEvent(paste);
+    conn.el.querySelector("form")!.dispatchEvent(new Event("submit", { cancelable: true }));
+    await vi.waitFor(() => expect(conn.el.textContent).toContain("Upload failed"));
+    expect(input.value).toBe("Read this");
+    expect(sendStructuredPrompt).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    const remove = conn.el.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('[aria-label="Remove notes.txt"]')!;
+    expect(remove).not.toBeNull();
+    remove.click();
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".structured-attachments")!.hidden).toBe(true);
+    conn.dispose();
+  });
+
   it("renders every row from the initial snapshot", () => {
     const ws = new FakeSocket();
     const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
@@ -115,6 +164,42 @@ describe("structured connection: data flow", () => {
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
+  it("shows turn details only while that footer is the conversation's final item", () => {
+    const ws = new FakeSocket();
+    const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
+    const turnMeta = (id: string, elapsedMs: number) =>
+      row(id, "notice", {
+        maestroTurnMeta: { elapsedMs, contextTokens: 12_000, outcome: "completed", model: "codex" },
+      });
+    ws.open();
+    ws.emit({
+      type: "transcript_snapshot",
+      snapshot: {
+        cursor: 4,
+        rows: [
+          row("user:1", "user", { content: { type: "text", text: "first" } }),
+          turnMeta("turn:1", 1_000),
+          row("user:2", "user", { content: { type: "text", text: "second" } }),
+          turnMeta("turn:2", 2_000),
+        ],
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(conn.el.querySelectorAll(".st-turn-meta")).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector(".st-turn-meta")?.textContent).toContain("2s");
+
+    ws.emit({
+      type: "projection_update",
+      transcript: {
+        type: "append",
+        row: row("user:3", "user", { content: { type: "text", text: "third" } }),
+      },
+      state: idleState,
+    });
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector(".st-turn-meta")).toBeNull();
+    conn.dispose();
+  });
+
   it("keeps state-only plan rows out of the transcript", () => {
     const ws = new FakeSocket();
     const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
@@ -289,6 +374,7 @@ describe("structured connection: data flow", () => {
       transcript: { type: "append", row: row("agent:1", "agent_text", { content: { type: "text", text: "partial" } }) },
       state: idleState,
     });
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector('[data-row-id="agent:1"]')?.classList).toContain("st-row-enter");
     ws.emit({
       type: "projection_update",
       transcript: { type: "patch", row: row("agent:1", "agent_text", { content: { type: "text", text: "partial done" } }) },
@@ -296,6 +382,7 @@ describe("structured connection: data flow", () => {
     });
     const rows = conn.el.querySelectorAll(".st-row-agent");
     expect(rows).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(rows[0].classList).not.toContain("st-row-enter");
     expect(conn.el.textContent).toContain("partial done");
     expect(conn.el.textContent).not.toContain("partial\n"); // the un-patched text is gone, not appended beside it
     conn.dispose();
@@ -321,11 +408,44 @@ describe("structured connection: data flow", () => {
     const groups = conn.el.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(".st-tool-group");
     expect(groups).toHaveLength(1);
     expect(groups[0].querySelector(".st-tool-group-head")!.textContent).toContain("2 tool calls");
-    expect(groups[0].querySelector<HTMLElement>(".st-tool-group-body")!.hidden).toBe(true);
+    expect(groups[0].querySelector<HTMLElement>(".st-tool-group-body")!.getAttribute("aria-hidden")).toBe("true");
     expect(conn.el.querySelector('[data-row-id="tool:3"]')?.closest(".st-tool-group")).toBeNull();
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
+  it("absorbs intermediate agent text into tool group, keeps final text outside", () => {
+    const ws = new FakeSocket();
+    const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
+    ws.open();
+    ws.emit({
+      type: "transcript_snapshot",
+      snapshot: {
+        cursor: 8,
+        rows: [
+          row("user:1", "user", { content: { type: "text", text: "do it" } }),
+          row("agent:1", "agent_text", { content: { type: "text", text: "Let me check" } }),
+          toolRow("tool:1", "one"),
+          toolRow("tool:2", "two"),
+          row("agent:2", "agent_text", { content: { type: "text", text: "Found issues, fixing" } }),
+          toolRow("tool:3", "three"),
+          toolRow("tool:4", "four"),
+          row("agent:3", "agent_text", { content: { type: "text", text: "All done" } }),
+        ],
+      },
+    });
+    const groups = conn.el.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(".st-tool-group");
+    expect(groups).toHaveLength(1);
+    // Header counts only tool rows, not intermediate text.
+    expect(groups[0].querySelector(".st-tool-group-head")!.textContent).toContain("4 tool calls");
+    // Intermediate text (agent:2) is inside the group.
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector('[data-row-id="agent:2"]')?.closest(".st-tool-group")).not.toBeNull();
+    // First text (agent:1) is outside — it precedes all tools.
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector('[data-row-id="agent:1"]')?.closest(".st-tool-group")).toBeNull();
+    // Final text (agent:3) is outside — no tool follows it.
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector('[data-row-id="agent:3"]')?.closest(".st-tool-group")).toBeNull();
+    conn.dispose();
+  });
+
   it("keeps an expanded running tool open without emitting a click when patched", () => {
     const ws = new FakeSocket();
     const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
@@ -573,7 +693,7 @@ describe("structured connection: turn/composer gating", () => {
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
-  it("disables the composer while a turn is active and re-enables when idle", () => {
+  it("keeps the composer available while a turn is active", () => {
     const ws = new FakeSocket();
     const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
     ws.open();
@@ -581,13 +701,13 @@ describe("structured connection: turn/composer gating", () => {
     const input = conn.el.querySelector(".structured-input") as HTMLTextAreaElement;
     const cancel = conn.el.querySelector(".structured-cancel") as HTMLButtonElement;
     ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: { turn: { responding: true, thinking: false, active_tool_calls: [] } } });
-    expect(input.disabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(input.disabled).toBe(false);
     expect(cancel.hidden).toBe(false);
-    expect((conn.el.querySelector(".structured-send") as HTMLButtonElement).hidden).toBe(true);
+    expect((conn.el.querySelector(".structured-send span") as HTMLElement).textContent).toBe("Send");
     ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
     expect(input.disabled).toBe(false);
     expect(cancel.hidden).toBe(true);
-    expect((conn.el.querySelector(".structured-send") as HTMLButtonElement).hidden).toBe(false);
+    expect((conn.el.querySelector(".structured-send span") as HTMLElement).textContent).toBe("Send");
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
@@ -650,7 +770,7 @@ describe("structured connection: turn/composer gating", () => {
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
-  it("disables immediately and dispatches only once before begin-turn is projected", () => {
+  it("queues a second message before begin-turn is projected", () => {
     vi.mocked(sendStructuredPrompt).mockImplementationOnce(() => new Promise(() => {}));
     const ws = new FakeSocket();
     const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
@@ -663,12 +783,43 @@ describe("structured connection: turn/composer gating", () => {
     input.value = "only once";
 
     form.dispatchEvent(new SubmitEvent("submit", { bubbles: true, cancelable: true }));
+    input.value = "queued next";
     form.dispatchEvent(new SubmitEvent("submit", { bubbles: true, cancelable: true }));
 
-    expect(input.disabled).toBe(true);
-    expect(send.disabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(input.disabled).toBe(false);
+    expect(send.disabled).toBe(false);
     expect(sendStructuredPrompt).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
     expect(sendStructuredPrompt).toHaveBeenCalledWith("s1", "only once");
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector(".structured-queue")?.textContent).toBe("1 message queued");
+    conn.dispose();
+  });
+
+  it("dispatches queued messages in order as turns become idle", async () => {
+    const ws = new FakeSocket();
+    const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
+    ws.open();
+    ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
+    const input = conn.el.querySelector(".structured-input") as HTMLTextAreaElement;
+    const submit = (text: string) => {
+      input.value = text;
+      input.dispatchEvent(new KeyboardEvent("keydown", { key: "Enter", bubbles: true, cancelable: true }));
+    };
+
+    submit("first");
+    ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: { turn: { responding: true, thinking: false, active_tool_calls: [] } } });
+    submit("second");
+    submit("third");
+    expect(sendStructuredPrompt).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector(".structured-queue")?.textContent).toBe("2 messages queued");
+
+    await Promise.resolve().then(() => Promise.resolve());
+    ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
+    expect(sendStructuredPrompt).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(2, "s1", "second");
+    ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: { turn: { responding: true, thinking: false, active_tool_calls: [] } } });
+    await Promise.resolve().then(() => Promise.resolve());
+    ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
+    expect(sendStructuredPrompt).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(3, "s1", "third");
+    expect((conn.el.querySelector(".structured-queue") as HTMLElement).hidden).toBe(true);
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
@@ -720,7 +871,7 @@ describe("structured connection: turn/composer gating", () => {
 
     expect(sendStructuredPrompt).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
     expect(input.value).toBe("");
-    expect(input.disabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(input.disabled).toBe(false);
     expect(conn.el.textContent).not.toContain("stale failure");
     conn.dispose();
   });
@@ -782,7 +933,7 @@ describe("structured connection: approvals", () => {
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
-  it("removes the buttons once the approval resolves, even with no accompanying transcript delta", () => {
+  it("hides a standalone resolved approval entirely when no tool group absorbs it", () => {
     const ws = new FakeSocket();
     const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
     ws.open();
@@ -798,7 +949,68 @@ describe("structured connection: approvals", () => {
     // Resolved on another client: state clears with no transcript delta at all.
     ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
     expect(conn.el.querySelector(".st-approval-acts")).toBeNull();
-    expect(conn.el.querySelector(".st-approval-resolved")).not.toBeNull();
+    // Standalone resolved approval is hidden — no card, no compact line.
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector(".st-row-approval")).toBeNull();
+    conn.dispose();
+  });
+
+  it("absorbs a resolved approval into the tool group as a compact line", () => {
+    const ws = new FakeSocket();
+    const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
+    ws.open();
+    ws.emit({
+      type: "transcript_snapshot",
+      snapshot: {
+        cursor: 0,
+        rows: [
+          row("user:1", "user", { content: { text: "go" } }),
+          toolRow("tool:1", "first"),
+          row("approval:1", "approval", { toolCall: { title: "Write file.ts" }, options: allApprovalOptions }),
+          toolRow("tool:2", "second"),
+        ],
+      },
+    });
+    ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
+    // 2+ tools in the turn → tool group exists; resolved approval is inside it.
+    const group = conn.el.querySelector(".st-tool-group");
+    expect(group).not.toBeNull();
+    const compact = group!.querySelector(".st-approval-compact");
+    expect(compact).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(compact!.textContent).toContain("Write file.ts");
+    expect(compact!.textContent).toContain("approved");
+    // No full-card approval anywhere on the transcript.
+    expect(conn.el.querySelector(".st-approval")).toBeNull();
+    conn.dispose();
+  });
+
+  it("keeps a pending approval standalone even when a tool group exists in the same turn", () => {
+    const ws = new FakeSocket();
+    const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
+    ws.open();
+    ws.emit({
+      type: "transcript_snapshot",
+      snapshot: {
+        cursor: 0,
+        rows: [
+          row("user:1", "user", { content: { text: "go" } }),
+          toolRow("tool:1", "first"),
+          row("approval:1", "approval", { toolCall: { title: "Write file.ts" }, options: allApprovalOptions }),
+          toolRow("tool:2", "second"),
+        ],
+      },
+    });
+    ws.emit({
+      type: "reduced_state",
+      state: { ...idleState, pending_approval: { nonce: "n1", request: { sessionId: "s1", toolCall: {}, options: allApprovalOptions } } },
+    });
+    // Pending approval stays outside the tool group as a full card.
+    const approvalCard = conn.el.querySelector(".st-approval");
+    expect(approvalCard).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(conn.el.querySelectorAll(".st-approval-acts button").length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    // It should not be inside the tool group.
+    const group = conn.el.querySelector(".st-tool-group");
+    expect(group).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(group!.querySelector(".st-approval")).toBeNull();
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
@@ -1039,7 +1251,7 @@ describe("structured connection: reconnection/error/loading", () => {
     second.open();
     second.emit({ type: "transcript_snapshot", snapshot: { cursor: 0, rows: [] } });
     second.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
-    expect(input.disabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(input.disabled).toBe(false);
 
     second.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: { turn: { responding: true, thinking: false, active_tool_calls: [] } } });
     second.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
@@ -1091,12 +1303,12 @@ describe("structured connection: reconnection/error/loading", () => {
     second.open();
     second.emit({ type: "transcript_snapshot", snapshot: { cursor: 0, rows: [] } });
     second.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
-    expect(input.disabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(input.disabled).toBe(false);
 
     accept();
     await Promise.resolve().then(() => Promise.resolve());
 
-    expect(input.disabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(input.disabled).toBe(false);
     expect(second.closed).toBe(true);
 
     third.open();
@@ -1253,7 +1465,7 @@ describe("structured connection: transcript scrolling", () => {
   it("keeps pinned appends and patches at the bottom after layout", () => {
     const ws = new FakeSocket();
     const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
-    const { values } = metrics(conn, 600, 200);
+    const { scroll, values } = metrics(conn, 600, 200);
     ws.open();
     ws.emit({ type: "transcript_snapshot", snapshot: { cursor: 0, rows: [] } });
     runFrames();
@@ -1269,6 +1481,7 @@ describe("structured connection: transcript scrolling", () => {
     });
     runFrames();
     expect(values.top).toBe(520);
+    expect(scroll.style.scrollBehavior).toBe("smooth");
 
     values.height = 780;
     ws.emit({
@@ -1283,6 +1496,32 @@ describe("structured connection: transcript scrolling", () => {
     });
     runFrames();
     expect(values.top).toBe(580);
+    expect(scroll.style.scrollBehavior).toBe("smooth");
+    conn.dispose();
+  });
+
+  it("keeps follow-to-bottom immediate when reduced motion is requested", () => {
+    vi.stubGlobal("matchMedia", () => ({ matches: true }));
+    const ws = new FakeSocket();
+    const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
+    const { scroll, values } = metrics(conn, 600, 200);
+    ws.open();
+    ws.emit({ type: "transcript_snapshot", snapshot: { cursor: 0, rows: [] } });
+    runFrames();
+
+    values.height = 720;
+    ws.emit({
+      type: "projection_update",
+      transcript: {
+        type: "append",
+        row: row("agent:1", "agent_text", { content: { type: "text", text: "quietly" } }),
+      },
+      state: idleState,
+    });
+    runFrames();
+
+    expect(values.top).toBe(520);
+    expect(scroll.style.scrollBehavior).toBe("");
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
@@ -1470,7 +1709,7 @@ describe("structured connection: pane lifecycle", () => {
     conn.dispose();
   });
 
-  it("focusTerminal focuses the composer only when it is enabled", () => {
+  it("focusTerminal keeps the composer reachable during an active turn", () => {
     const ws = new FakeSocket();
     const conn = mount({ sockets: [ws] });
     ws.open();
@@ -1478,7 +1717,7 @@ describe("structured connection: pane lifecycle", () => {
     ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: { turn: { responding: true, thinking: false, active_tool_calls: [] } } });
     conn.focusTerminal();
     const input = conn.el.querySelector(".structured-input") as HTMLTextAreaElement;
-    expect(document.activeElement).not.toBe(input);
+    expect(document.activeElement).toBe(input);
     ws.emit({ type: "reduced_state", state: idleState });
     conn.focusTerminal();
     expect(document.activeElement).toBe(input);

web/src/structured.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   cancelStructuredTurn,
   resolveStructuredApproval,
   sendStructuredPrompt,
+  uploadStructuredFile,
   setStructuredConfig,
   structuredWsUrl,
 } from "./api.js";
@@ -90,7 +91,12 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
           <span class="structured-activity-text">Thinking</span>
         </div>
         <form class="structured-composer">
+          <button type="button" class="btn btn-ghost btn-icon structured-attach" aria-label="Attach files" title="Attach files (up to 20 MiB each)">
+            <svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m8 12 7-7a3 3 0 0 1 4 4L9 19a5 5 0 0 1-7-7L12 2M5 14l9-9"/></svg>
+          </button>
+          <input class="structured-file-input" type="file" multiple hidden>
           <div class="structured-input-wrap">
+            <div class="structured-attachments" aria-label="Attachments" aria-live="polite" hidden></div>
             <div id="structured-command-menu-${sessionId}" class="structured-command-menu"
               role="listbox" hidden></div>
             <textarea class="structured-input" rows="1" placeholder="Reply, or / for commands…"
@@ -107,13 +113,18 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
           <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary structured-send"><span>Send</span>
             <svg viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 5 5 5-5 5M12 10H3"/></svg>
           </button>
-          <button type="button" class="btn structured-cancel" hidden>Cancel turn</button>
+          <button type="button" class="btn btn-icon structured-cancel" hidden aria-label="Cancel turn" title="Cancel turn">
+            <svg class="structured-cancel-spinner" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="50 14" stroke-linecap="round"/></svg>
+            <svg class="structured-cancel-stop" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><rect x="6" y="6" width="12" height="12" rx="2" fill="currentColor"/></svg>
+          </button>
+          <span class="structured-queue" role="status" aria-live="polite" hidden></span>
         </form>
       </div>
     </div>
   `;
 
   const stateEl = el.querySelector(".attach-state") as HTMLSpanElement;
+  const titleEl = el.querySelector(".attach-title") as HTMLSpanElement;
   const configEl = el.querySelector(".structured-config") as HTMLDivElement;
   const configTrigger = el.querySelector(".structured-config-trigger") as HTMLButtonElement;
   const configMenu = el.querySelector(".structured-config-menu") as HTMLDivElement;
@@ -126,7 +137,83 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
   const commandMenu = el.querySelector(".structured-command-menu") as HTMLDivElement;
   const input = el.querySelector(".structured-input") as HTMLTextAreaElement;
   const sendBtn = el.querySelector(".structured-send") as HTMLButtonElement;
+  const sendLabel = sendBtn.querySelector("span") as HTMLSpanElement;
   const cancelBtn = el.querySelector(".structured-cancel") as HTMLButtonElement;
+  const queueEl = el.querySelector(".structured-queue") as HTMLSpanElement;
+  const attachBtn = el.querySelector(".structured-attach") as HTMLButtonElement;
+  const fileInput = el.querySelector(".structured-file-input") as HTMLInputElement;
+  const attachmentEl = el.querySelector(".structured-attachments") as HTMLDivElement;
+  type Attachment = { file: File; path?: string };
+  type QueuedPrompt = { text: string; attachments: Attachment[] };
+  let attachments: Attachment[] = [];
+  let uploading = false;
+  let pasteCount = 0;
+
+  function renderAttachments(): void {
+    attachmentEl.replaceChildren();
+    attachmentEl.hidden = attachments.length === 0;
+    for (const attachment of attachments) {
+      const chip = document.createElement("span");
+      chip.className = "structured-attachment";
+      const label = document.createElement("span");
+      label.textContent = attachment.file.name;
+      label.title = `${attachment.file.name} (${attachment.file.size.toLocaleString()} bytes)`;
+      const remove = document.createElement("button");
+      remove.type = "button";
+      remove.textContent = "×";
+      remove.setAttribute("aria-label", `Remove ${attachment.file.name}`);
+      remove.disabled = uploading;
+      remove.addEventListener("click", () => {
+        attachments = attachments.filter((item) => item !== attachment);
+        renderAttachments();
+      });
+      chip.append(label, remove);
+      attachmentEl.append(chip);
+    }
+  }
+
+  function addFiles(files: File[]): void {
+    if (uploading || disposed) return;
+    for (const file of files) {
+      if (file.size > 20 * 1024 * 1024) {
+        showError(`${file.name} exceeds 20 MiB. Choose a smaller file.`);
+      } else if (attachments.length >= 10) {
+        showError("Attach up to 10 files per message.");
+      } else {
+        attachments.push({ file });
+      }
+    }
+    renderAttachments();
+  }
+  attachBtn.addEventListener("click", () => fileInput.click());
+  fileInput.addEventListener("change", () => {
+    addFiles(Array.from(fileInput.files ?? []));
+    fileInput.value = "";
+  });
+  composerForm.addEventListener("dragover", (event) => {
+    if (event.dataTransfer?.types.includes("Files")) event.preventDefault();
+  });
+  composerForm.addEventListener("drop", (event) => {
+    if (!event.dataTransfer?.files.length) return;
+    event.preventDefault();
+    addFiles(Array.from(event.dataTransfer.files));
+  });
+  input.addEventListener("paste", (event) => {
+    const clipboard = event.clipboardData;
+    if (!clipboard || uploading) return;
+    if (clipboard.files.length) {
+      event.preventDefault();
+      addFiles(Array.from(clipboard.files));
+      return;
+    }
+    const text = clipboard.getData("text/plain");
+    if (text.length < 4000 && text.split("\n").length < 40) return;
+    if (attachments.length >= 10 || new Blob([text]).size > 20 * 1024 * 1024) return;
+    event.preventDefault();
+    addFiles([new File([text], `pasted-${++pasteCount}.txt`, { type: "text/plain" })]);
+    input.setRangeText("", input.selectionStart, input.selectionEnd, "end");
+    autoResize();
+  });
 
   disconnectBtn.addEventListener("click", () => opts.onRequestClose?.(sessionId));
   // Mobile-only (CSS hides it on desktop, where the sidebar is always in
@@ -148,6 +235,7 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
   const rowEls = new Map<string, HTMLElement>();
   const expandedRowIds = new Set<string>();
   const expandedGroupIds = new Set<string>();
+  const enteringRowIds = new Set<string>();
   const groupEls = new Map<string, HTMLElement>();
   let state: ReducedState = { turn: idleTurn() };
   let pendingApprovalRowId: string | null = null;
@@ -163,6 +251,8 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
   let disposed = false;
   let optimisticTurnStartedAt: number | null = null;
   let activityTimer: number | null = null;
+  const promptQueue: QueuedPrompt[] = [];
+  let promptRequestPending = false;
 
   // Within 64px, wheel and touch imprecision should still count as following.
   const FOLLOW_BOTTOM_THRESHOLD_PX = 64;
@@ -171,7 +261,20 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
   let scrollWorkActive = true;
   let parkedScrollTop: number | null = null;
   let scrollFrame: number | null = null;
-  let pendingScroll: { top: number; follow: boolean } | null = null;
+  let pendingScroll: { top: number; follow: boolean; smooth: boolean } | null = null;
+  let smoothScrollTimer: number | null = null;
+  let smoothFollowing = false;
+
+  function reduceMotion(): boolean {
+    return window.matchMedia?.("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)").matches ?? false;
+  }
+
+  function stopSmoothFollow(): void {
+    if (smoothScrollTimer !== null) window.clearTimeout(smoothScrollTimer);
+    smoothScrollTimer = null;
+    smoothFollowing = false;
+    scrollEl.style.removeProperty("scroll-behavior");
+  }
 
   function cancelScrollFrame(): void {
     if (scrollFrame !== null) window.cancelAnimationFrame(scrollFrame);
@@ -179,15 +282,17 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
     pendingScroll = null;
   }
 
-  function beginTranscriptLayout(forceBottom = false): void {
+  function beginTranscriptLayout(forceBottom = false, smooth = false): void {
     if (!scrollWorkActive || disposed) return;
     if (pendingScroll) {
       if (forceBottom) pendingScroll.follow = true;
+      if (smooth) pendingScroll.smooth = true;
       return;
     }
     pendingScroll = {
       top: scrollEl.scrollTop,
       follow: forceBottom || followingBottom,
+      smooth,
     };
   }
 
@@ -198,19 +303,30 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       const pending = pendingScroll;
       pendingScroll = null;
       if (!pending || disposed || !scrollWorkActive) return;
-      scrollEl.scrollTop = pending.follow
+      const target = pending.follow
         ? Math.max(0, scrollEl.scrollHeight - scrollEl.clientHeight)
         : pending.top;
+      if (pending.follow && pending.smooth && !reduceMotion()) {
+        smoothFollowing = true;
+        scrollEl.style.scrollBehavior = "smooth";
+        scrollEl.scrollTop = target;
+        if (smoothScrollTimer !== null) window.clearTimeout(smoothScrollTimer);
+        smoothScrollTimer = window.setTimeout(() => stopSmoothFollow(), 220);
+      } else {
+        stopSmoothFollow();
+        scrollEl.scrollTop = target;
+      }
     });
   }
 
-  function updateTranscriptLayout(update: () => void, forceBottom = false): void {
-    beginTranscriptLayout(forceBottom);
+  function updateTranscriptLayout(update: () => void, forceBottom = false, smooth = false): void {
+    beginTranscriptLayout(forceBottom, smooth);
     update();
     finishTranscriptLayout();
   }
 
   function onTranscriptScroll(): void {
+    if (smoothFollowing) return;
     const distance = scrollEl.scrollHeight - scrollEl.clientHeight - scrollEl.scrollTop;
     followingBottom = distance <= FOLLOW_BOTTOM_THRESHOLD_PX;
     cancelScrollFrame();
@@ -218,12 +334,19 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
 
   function onTranscriptClick(event: Event): void {
     if ((event.target as Element | null)?.closest(".st-tool-head, .st-tool-group-head")) {
-      beginTranscriptLayout();
+      beginTranscriptLayout(false, true);
     }
   }
 
+  function settleDisclosureLayout(): void {
+    finishTranscriptLayout();
+    window.setTimeout(() => updateTranscriptLayout(() => {}, false, true), 190);
+  }
+
   scrollEl.addEventListener("scroll", onTranscriptScroll);
   scrollEl.addEventListener("click", onTranscriptClick, true);
+  scrollEl.addEventListener("wheel", stopSmoothFollow, { passive: true });
+  scrollEl.addEventListener("touchstart", stopSmoothFollow, { passive: true });
 
   function lastRowIdOfKind(kind: TranscriptRowKind): string | null {
     for (let i = rows.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) if (rows[i].kind === kind) return rows[i].id;
@@ -268,27 +391,68 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       (expanded) => {
         if (expanded) expandedRowIds.add(row.id);
         else expandedRowIds.delete(row.id);
-        finishTranscriptLayout();
+        settleDisclosureLayout();
       },
     );
     if (!el) return null;
+    if (enteringRowIds.has(row.id)) el.classList.add("st-row-enter");
     if (el.querySelector(".st-tool-head")?.getAttribute("aria-expanded") !== "true") {
       expandedRowIds.delete(row.id);
     }
     return el;
   }
 
-  function toolGroupsByTurn(): Map<string, TranscriptRow[]> {
-    const groups = new Map<string, TranscriptRow[]>();
+  /** Group tool rows (and intermediate agent text / resolved approvals between
+   *  them) by turn.  An agent_text/agent_thought row is "intermediate" when a
+   *  tool row follows it in the same turn — it gets absorbed into the group so
+   *  the collapsed block preserves chronological order.  Resolved approval rows
+   *  (not the currently pending one) are absorbed the same way.  The *last*
+   *  agent text with no subsequent tool stays standalone (the prominent final
+   *  answer).  Returns groups keyed by `turn:<userId>`, each with `toolCount`
+   *  (for the header label) and `rows` (tools + intermediate text/approvals,
+   *  in order). */
+  function activityGroupsByTurn(): Map<string, { toolCount: number; rows: TranscriptRow[] }> {
+    // First: count tools per turn to know which turns qualify for grouping.
+    const toolCounts = new Map<string, number>();
     let turnId = "before-first-message";
     for (const row of rows) {
       if (row.kind === "user") turnId = row.id;
       if (row.kind !== "tool_call" && row.kind !== "tool_diff") continue;
-      const id = `turn:${turnId}`;
-      const group = groups.get(id) ?? [];
-      group.push(row);
-      groups.set(id, group);
+      const gid = `turn:${turnId}`;
+      toolCounts.set(gid, (toolCounts.get(gid) ?? 0) + 1);
     }
+    // Second: build groups with interleaved text for turns with 2+ tools.
+    const groups = new Map<string, { toolCount: number; rows: TranscriptRow[] }>();
+    turnId = "before-first-message";
+    // Pending rows that might be intermediate (not yet confirmed by a
+    // following tool). If no tool follows, they stay standalone.
+    let pending: TranscriptRow[] = [];
+    let currentGid = `turn:${turnId}`;
+    for (const row of rows) {
+      if (row.kind === "user") {
+        turnId = row.id;
+        currentGid = `turn:${turnId}`;
+        pending = [];
+        continue;
+      }
+      const count = toolCounts.get(currentGid) ?? 0;
+      if (count < 2) continue;
+      const isIntermediateText = row.kind === "agent_text" || row.kind === "agent_thought";
+      const isResolvedApproval = row.kind === "approval" && row.id !== pendingApprovalRowId;
+      if (isIntermediateText || isResolvedApproval) {
+        pending.push(row);
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (row.kind === "tool_call" || row.kind === "tool_diff") {
+        const group = groups.get(currentGid) ?? { toolCount: count, rows: [] };
+        // Flush any pending rows — a tool follows, so they're intermediate.
+        group.rows.push(...pending);
+        pending = [];
+        group.rows.push(row);
+        groups.set(currentGid, group);
+      }
+    }
+    // pending at end of a turn = final text/approvals, stays outside (not flushed).
     return groups;
   }
 
@@ -298,9 +462,9 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
     const focusedGroupId = active?.closest<HTMLElement>("[data-tool-group-id]")?.dataset.toolGroupId;
     const restoreToolFocus = active?.classList.contains("st-tool-head") ?? false;
     const restoreGroupFocus = active?.classList.contains("st-tool-group-head") ?? false;
-    const groups = toolGroupsByTurn();
+    const groups = activityGroupsByTurn();
     const groupedRowIds = new Set<string>();
-    const liveGroupIds = new Set([...groups].filter(([, tools]) => tools.length > 1).map(([id]) => id));
+    const liveGroupIds = new Set([...groups.keys()]);
     for (const id of expandedGroupIds) if (!liveGroupIds.has(id)) expandedGroupIds.delete(id);
 
     rowEls.clear();
@@ -310,37 +474,54 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
     for (const row of rows) {
       if (row.kind === "user") turnId = row.id;
       const groupId = `turn:${turnId}`;
-      const groupRows = groups.get(groupId) ?? [];
-      if ((row.kind === "tool_call" || row.kind === "tool_diff") && groupRows.length > 1) {
-        if (groupedRowIds.has(row.id)) continue;
-        const toolEls = groupRows.flatMap((toolRow) => {
-          groupedRowIds.add(toolRow.id);
-          const toolEl = buildRowElement(toolRow);
-          if (!toolEl) return [];
-          rowEls.set(toolRow.id, toolEl);
-          return [toolEl];
+      const group = groups.get(groupId);
+      if (group && groupedRowIds.has(row.id)) continue;
+      if (group && (row.kind === "tool_call" || row.kind === "tool_diff") && !groupedRowIds.has(row.id)) {
+        // First ungrouped tool in this turn — render the whole activity group.
+        const memberEls = group.rows.flatMap((memberRow) => {
+          groupedRowIds.add(memberRow.id);
+          const memberEl = buildRowElement(memberRow);
+          if (!memberEl) return [];
+          rowEls.set(memberRow.id, memberEl);
+          return [memberEl];
         });
         const groupEl = buildToolGroup(
           groupId,
-          groupRows,
-          toolEls,
+          group.rows,
+          memberEls,
           expandedGroupIds.has(groupId),
           (expanded) => {
             if (expanded) expandedGroupIds.add(groupId);
             else expandedGroupIds.delete(groupId);
-            finishTranscriptLayout();
+            settleDisclosureLayout();
           },
+          group.toolCount,
         );
+        if (group.rows.some((r) => enteringRowIds.has(r.id))) {
+          groupEl.classList.add("st-row-enter");
+        }
         groupEls.set(groupId, groupEl);
         children.push(groupEl);
         continue;
       }
+      // Resolved approvals not absorbed into a tool group are hidden — the
+      // tool row itself already identifies the action, so a standalone
+      // "answered" card adds nothing.  Pending approvals always render.
+      if (row.kind === "approval" && row.id !== pendingApprovalRowId) continue;
       const rowEl = buildRowElement(row);
       if (!rowEl) continue;
       rowEls.set(row.id, rowEl);
       children.push(rowEl);
     }
-    rowsEl.replaceChildren(...children);
+    // A completed turn's footer is useful as the conversation's current
+    // tail, but repeating duration/model/token summaries throughout history
+    // makes them read like transcript content. Keep only a footer that is the
+    // final visible item; appending the next turn naturally retires it.
+    const visibleChildren = children.filter(
+      (child, index) => !child.classList.contains("st-turn-meta") || index === children.length - 1,
+    );
+    rowsEl.replaceChildren(...visibleChildren);
+    enteringRowIds.clear();
     if (restoreToolFocus && focusedRowId) {
       rowEls.get(focusedRowId)?.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".st-tool-head")?.focus();
     } else if (restoreGroupFocus && focusedGroupId) {
@@ -368,6 +549,7 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
     if (!delta) return;
     updateTranscriptLayout(() => {
       if (delta.type === "append") {
+        if (receivedSnapshot) enteringRowIds.add(delta.row.id);
         rowIndex.set(delta.row.id, rows.length);
         rows.push(delta.row);
       } else if (delta.type === "patch") {
@@ -377,6 +559,19 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
           rows.push(delta.row);
         } else {
           rows[i] = delta.row;
+          // Surgical DOM swap: replace just this row's element instead of
+          // tearing down and rebuilding the entire transcript, which causes
+          // visible flashing and breaks text selection.
+          const oldEl = rowEls.get(delta.row.id);
+          if (oldEl) {
+            const newEl = buildRowElement(delta.row);
+            if (newEl) {
+              oldEl.replaceWith(newEl);
+              rowEls.set(delta.row.id, newEl);
+            }
+            syncAvailableCommands();
+            return;
+          }
         }
       } else {
         const i = rowIndex.get(delta.id);
@@ -388,7 +583,7 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       }
       rebuildTranscript();
       syncAvailableCommands();
-    });
+    }, false, true);
   }
 
   function sessionConfigOptions(): AcpSessionConfigOption[] {
@@ -479,13 +674,19 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
   }
 
   function renderComposerState(): void {
-    const active = state.turn.responding || state.turn.thinking || awaitingBeginGeneration !== null;
     const projectedActive = state.turn.responding || state.turn.thinking;
-    input.disabled = active;
-    sendBtn.disabled = active;
-    sendBtn.hidden = projectedActive;
+    input.disabled = false;
+    attachBtn.disabled = uploading;
+    fileInput.disabled = uploading;
+    renderAttachments();
+    sendBtn.disabled = false;
+    sendBtn.hidden = false;
+    sendLabel.textContent = "Send";
     cancelBtn.hidden = !projectedActive;
-    if (active) closeCommandMenu();
+    queueEl.hidden = promptQueue.length === 0;
+    queueEl.textContent = promptQueue.length === 1
+      ? "1 message queued"
+      : `${promptQueue.length} messages queued`;
     renderActivity();
   }
 
@@ -547,6 +748,7 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
     }
     renderConfig();
     renderComposerState();
+    dispatchQueuedPrompt();
   }
 
   function closeConfigMenu(): void {
@@ -703,7 +905,7 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       input.style.overflowY = "hidden";
       input.style.height = `${Math.min(input.scrollHeight, 160)}px`;
       if (input.scrollHeight > 160) input.style.overflowY = "auto";
-    });
+    }, false, true);
   }
   input.addEventListener("input", () => {
     autoResize();
@@ -746,35 +948,55 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       if (!commandMenu.contains(document.activeElement)) closeCommandMenu();
     }, 0);
   });
-  composerForm.addEventListener("submit", (e) => {
-    e.preventDefault();
-    const text = input.value;
-    if (!text.trim() || input.disabled) return;
+  function dispatchPrompt(text: string, submittedAttachments: Attachment[] = []): void {
+    uploading = submittedAttachments.length > 0;
     const generation = ++submissionGeneration;
     const submissionSocketGeneration = socketGeneration;
     awaitingBeginGeneration = generation;
     optimisticTurnStartedAt = Date.now();
     acceptedSubmission = null;
+    promptRequestPending = true;
     input.value = "";
     autoResize();
     clearError();
     renderComposerState();
-    sendStructuredPrompt(sessionId, text).then(
+    const send = async () => {
+      for (const attachment of submittedAttachments) {
+        if (disposed) return;
+        if (!attachment.path) attachment.path = (await uploadStructuredFile(sessionId, attachment.file)).path;
+      }
+      if (disposed) return;
+      const references = submittedAttachments.map(({ file, path }) =>
+        `Attached file ${JSON.stringify(file.name)}: ${JSON.stringify(path)}`);
+      await sendStructuredPrompt(sessionId, [text, ...references].filter(Boolean).join("\n\n"));
+    };
+    void send().then(
       () => {
-        if (
-          disposed
-          || generation !== submissionGeneration
-          || awaitingBeginGeneration !== generation
-        ) return;
+        promptRequestPending = false;
+        if (disposed || generation !== submissionGeneration) return;
+        uploading = false;
+        if (attachments === submittedAttachments) {
+          attachments = [];
+          renderAttachments();
+        }
+        renderComposerState();
+        if (awaitingBeginGeneration !== generation) return;
         const acceptanceSocketGeneration = socketGeneration;
         acceptedSubmission = { generation, socketGeneration: acceptanceSocketGeneration };
         // A replacement socket may have captured idle before the POST claimed
         // the prompt. Reconnect again so its snapshot cannot predate the 204.
         if (acceptanceSocketGeneration > submissionSocketGeneration) reconnectForReconciliation();
+        renderComposerState();
+        dispatchQueuedPrompt();
       },
       (e: unknown) => {
+        promptRequestPending = false;
+        uploading = false;
         if (disposed || generation !== submissionGeneration) return;
         if (awaitingBeginGeneration === generation) awaitingBeginGeneration = null;
+        if (attachments.length === 0 && submittedAttachments.length > 0) {
+          attachments = submittedAttachments;
+        }
         if (input.value === "") {
           input.value = text;
           autoResize();
@@ -783,6 +1005,32 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
         renderComposerState();
       },
     );
+  }
+
+  function dispatchQueuedPrompt(): void {
+    const active = state.turn.responding || state.turn.thinking || awaitingBeginGeneration !== null;
+    if (disposed || active || promptRequestPending || promptQueue.length === 0) return;
+    const next = promptQueue.shift()!;
+    dispatchPrompt(next.text, next.attachments);
+  }
+
+  composerForm.addEventListener("submit", (e) => {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    const text = input.value;
+    if ((!text.trim() && attachments.length === 0) || uploading) return;
+    const submittedAttachments = attachments;
+    const active = state.turn.responding || state.turn.thinking || awaitingBeginGeneration !== null;
+    if (active || promptQueue.length > 0) {
+      promptQueue.push({ text, attachments: submittedAttachments });
+      attachments = [];
+      input.value = "";
+      autoResize();
+      clearError();
+      renderComposerState();
+      dispatchQueuedPrompt();
+      return;
+    }
+    dispatchPrompt(text, submittedAttachments);
   });
   cancelBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
     clearError();
@@ -912,6 +1160,7 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       pendingScroll = {
         top: parkedScrollTop ?? scrollEl.scrollTop,
         follow: followingBottom,
+        smooth: false,
       };
       parkedScrollTop = null;
       finishTranscriptLayout();
@@ -927,6 +1176,7 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       parkedScrollTop = pendingScroll?.top ?? scrollEl.scrollTop;
       scrollWorkActive = false;
       cancelScrollFrame();
+      stopSmoothFollow();
       cancelFocusFrame();
     },
     focusTerminal() {
@@ -936,6 +1186,10 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       // No PTY behind a structured session — the leader's literal-byte
       // escape hatch has nothing to do here.
     },
+    updateInfo(next: AttachInfo) {
+      titleEl.innerHTML = paneTitleHtml(sessionId, next);
+      titleEl.title = paneTitleAttr(sessionId, next);
+    },
     dispose() {
       if (disposed) return;
       disposed = true;
@@ -943,6 +1197,7 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       mountToken++;
       scrollWorkActive = false;
       cancelScrollFrame();
+      stopSmoothFollow();
       cancelFocusFrame();
       cancelReconnect();
       closeCurrentSocket();
@@ -950,6 +1205,8 @@ export function createStructuredConnection(
       expandedGroupIds.clear();
       scrollEl.removeEventListener("scroll", onTranscriptScroll);
       scrollEl.removeEventListener("click", onTranscriptClick, true);
+      scrollEl.removeEventListener("wheel", stopSmoothFollow);
+      scrollEl.removeEventListener("touchstart", stopSmoothFollow);
       document.removeEventListener("pointerdown", closeConfigOnOutsidePress);
       el.remove();
     },

web/src/structuredRender.test.ts

@@ -40,10 +40,15 @@ describe("buildTranscriptRow: user/agent/thought", () => {
     expect(ps[0].innerHTML).toContain("<code>three</code>");
   });
 
-  it("renders a thought row as plain text", () => {
-    const el = buildTranscriptRow(row("agent_thought", { content: { type: "text", text: "hmm" } }));
+  it("trims ACP framing whitespace and renders thought-row inline markdown", () => {
+    const el = buildTranscriptRow(
+      row("agent_thought", {
+        content: { type: "text", text: "\n\n**Planning comply tool commentary update**\n" },
+      }),
+    );
     expect(el.className).toContain("st-row-thought");
-    expect(el.textContent).toBe("hmm");
+    expect(el.textContent).toBe("Planning comply tool commentary update");
+    expect(el.querySelector("strong")?.textContent).toBe("Planning comply tool commentary update");
   });
 
   it("falls back to a labelled placeholder for non-text content, never crashing", () => {
@@ -153,7 +158,10 @@ describe("buildTranscriptRow: tool calls", () => {
     expect(head.getAttribute("aria-expanded")).toBe("true");
     expect(out.textContent).toContain("match found");
     head.click();
-    expect(out.hidden).toBe(true);
+    expect(out.hidden).toBe(false);
+    expect(out.getAttribute("aria-hidden")).toBe("true");
+    expect(out.inert).toBe(true);
+    expect(out.classList.contains("is-expanded")).toBe(false);
   });
 
   it("does not expand when there is nothing to show", () => {
@@ -163,19 +171,107 @@ describe("buildTranscriptRow: tool calls", () => {
     expect(head.getAttribute("aria-expanded")).toBe("false");
   });
 
-  it("shows raw command, input, and output as separately copyable details", () => {
+  it("renders command fields and keeps the exact JSON available", () => {
     const el = buildTranscriptRow(
       row("tool_call", {
         title: "Bash(test)",
-        rawInput: { command: "printf ok", timeout_ms: 1000 },
-        rawOutput: { stdout: "ok", exit_code: 0 },
+        rawInput: { command: "printf ok", cwd: "/workspace", timeout_ms: 1000 },
+        rawOutput: { formatted_output: "ok", exit_code: 0 },
       }),
     );
     (el.querySelector(".st-tool-head") as HTMLButtonElement).click();
-    const labels = [...el.querySelectorAll(".st-tool-detail-label")].map((node) => node.textContent);
-    expect(labels).toEqual(["Command", "Input", "Output"]);
     expect(el.querySelector(".st-tool-detail pre")!.textContent).toBe("printf ok");
-    expect(el.querySelectorAll(".st-tool-detail pre[role=button]")).toHaveLength(3);
+    expect(el.querySelector(".st-tool-fact")!.textContent).toBe("Exit code0");
+    const raw = el.querySelector(".st-tool-raw") as HTMLDetailsElement;
+    expect(raw.open).toBe(false);
+    expect(raw.textContent).toContain('"timeout_ms": 1000');
+    expect(raw.textContent).toContain('"exit_code": 0');
+  });
+
+  it("renders MCP arguments and results without hiding the source payload", () => {
+    const el = buildTranscriptRow(
+      row("tool_call", {
+        title: "mcp.github.search",
+        rawInput: { server: "github", tool: "search", arguments: { query: "ACP" } },
+        rawOutput: { result: { count: 2 }, error: null },
+      }),
+    );
+    (el.querySelector(".st-tool-head") as HTMLButtonElement).click();
+    const labels = [
+      ...el.querySelectorAll(
+        ".st-tool-out > .st-disclosure-clip > .st-disclosure-inner > .st-tool-detail",
+      ),
+    ].map((node) => node.querySelector(".st-tool-detail-label")?.textContent);
+    expect(labels).toEqual(["Arguments", "Result"]);
+    expect(el.querySelector(".st-tool-raw")!.textContent).toContain('"server": "github"');
+  });
+
+  it("renders a recognized web search query", () => {
+    const el = buildTranscriptRow(
+      row("tool_call", {
+        title: "Search the web",
+        rawInput: { type: "webSearch", query: "Agent Client Protocol", action: { type: "search" } },
+      }),
+    );
+    (el.querySelector(".st-tool-head") as HTMLButtonElement).click();
+    expect(el.querySelector(".st-tool-detail-label")!.textContent).toBe("Query");
+    expect(el.querySelector(".st-tool-detail pre")!.textContent).toBe("Agent Client Protocol");
+  });
+
+  it("falls back to raw JSON for an unknown provider shape", () => {
+    const el = buildTranscriptRow(
+      row("tool_call", { title: "Custom", rawInput: { peculiar: [1, 2] }, rawOutput: "done" }),
+    );
+    (el.querySelector(".st-tool-head") as HTMLButtonElement).click();
+    expect(
+      el.querySelectorAll(
+        ".st-tool-out > .st-disclosure-clip > .st-disclosure-inner > .st-tool-detail",
+      ),
+    ).toHaveLength(0);
+    expect(el.querySelector(".st-tool-raw")!.textContent).toContain('"peculiar"');
+    expect(el.querySelector(".st-tool-raw")!.textContent).toContain('"done"');
+  });
+
+  it("renders standardized content before provider-specific and raw data", () => {
+    const el = buildTranscriptRow(
+      row("tool_call", {
+        title: "Bash(test)",
+        content: [
+          { type: "content", content: { type: "text", text: "typed result" } },
+          { type: "content", content: { type: "resource_link", name: "report", uri: "file:///tmp/report" } },
+          { type: "terminal", terminalId: "term-1" },
+        ],
+        rawInput: { command: "test" },
+        rawOutput: { formatted_output: "typed result", exit_code: 0 },
+      }),
+    );
+    (el.querySelector(".st-tool-head") as HTMLButtonElement).click();
+    const inner = el.querySelector(".st-tool-out > .st-disclosure-clip > .st-disclosure-inner")!;
+    expect([...inner.children].map((node) => node.className)).toEqual([
+      "st-tool-text st-copyable",
+      "st-tool-resource",
+      "st-tool-terminal",
+      "st-tool-detail",
+      "st-tool-fact",
+      "st-tool-raw",
+    ]);
+    expect(el.querySelector(".st-tool-resource")!.textContent).toContain("file:///tmp/report");
+    expect(el.querySelector(".st-tool-terminal")!.textContent).toBe("Terminal · term-1");
+  });
+
+  it("renders safe typed image and audio blocks as media controls", () => {
+    const el = buildTranscriptRow(
+      row("tool_call", {
+        title: "Media",
+        content: [
+          { type: "content", content: { type: "image", mimeType: "image/png", data: "aW1hZ2U=" } },
+          { type: "content", content: { type: "audio", mimeType: "audio/mpeg", data: "YXVkaW8=" } },
+        ],
+      }),
+    );
+    (el.querySelector(".st-tool-head") as HTMLButtonElement).click();
+    expect((el.querySelector(".st-tool-image") as HTMLImageElement).src).toBe("data:image/png;base64,aW1hZ2U=");
+    expect((el.querySelector(".st-tool-audio") as HTMLAudioElement).src).toBe("data:audio/mpeg;base64,YXVkaW8=");
   });
 });
 
@@ -191,9 +287,11 @@ describe("buildToolGroup", () => {
     const head = group.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".st-tool-group-head")!;
     const body = group.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".st-tool-group-body")!;
     expect(head.textContent).toContain("2 tool calls");
-    expect(body.hidden).toBe(true);
+    expect(body.getAttribute("aria-hidden")).toBe("true");
+    expect(body.inert).toBe(true);
     head.click();
-    expect(body.hidden).toBe(false);
+    expect(body.getAttribute("aria-hidden")).toBe("false");
+    expect(body.classList.contains("is-expanded")).toBe(true);
     expect(onExpanded).toHaveBeenCalledWith(true);
     const toolHeads = group.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".st-tool-head");
     toolHeads[1].click();
@@ -270,13 +368,14 @@ describe("buildTranscriptRow: approval", () => {
     expect(el.querySelector(".st-approval-path")!.textContent).toBe("/etc/x");
   });
 
-  it("hides the buttons and shows an answered note once resolved", () => {
+  it("renders a compact one-liner once resolved", () => {
     const el = buildTranscriptRow(approvalRow(allThreeOptions), {
       pending: false,
       onDecide: () => Promise.resolve(),
     });
     expect(el.querySelector(".st-approval-acts")).toBeNull();
-    expect(el.querySelector(".st-approval-resolved")!.textContent).toBe("answered");
+    expect(el.classList.contains("st-approval-compact")).toBe(true);
+    expect(el.textContent).toContain("approved");
   });
 
   it("invokes onDecide with the clicked decision and disables the buttons", () => {

web/src/structuredRender.ts

@@ -196,20 +196,21 @@ function makeCopyable(node: HTMLElement, text: string, label: string): void {
 function buildContentRow(row: TranscriptRow, variant: "user" | "agent" | "thought"): HTMLElement {
   const data = row.data as { content?: AcpContentBlock; messageId?: string } | undefined;
   const text = contentBlockText(data?.content);
+  const displayText = variant === "thought" ? text.trim() : text;
   const wrap = el("div", `st-row st-row-${variant}`);
   const body = el("div", "st-body");
   if (variant === "user") {
     const line = el("div", "st-user-text");
-    line.textContent = text;
+    line.textContent = displayText;
     body.appendChild(line);
   } else if (variant === "agent") {
-    renderProse(body, text);
+    renderProse(body, displayText);
   } else {
-    body.textContent = text;
+    body.innerHTML = renderInlineMarkdown(displayText);
   }
   wrap.appendChild(body);
   const label = variant === "user" ? "message" : variant === "agent" ? "response" : "thought";
-  makeCopyable(wrap, text, label);
+  makeCopyable(wrap, displayText, label);
   return wrap;
 }
 
@@ -245,16 +246,18 @@ function printable(value: unknown): string | null {
   }
 }
 
-function toolInput(tool: AcpToolCallLike): { command: string | null; input: string | null } {
-  const raw = tool.rawInput;
-  if (!raw || typeof raw !== "object" || Array.isArray(raw)) {
-    return { command: null, input: printable(raw) };
+function jsonPrintable(value: unknown): string | null {
+  if (value === undefined) return null;
+  try {
+    return JSON.stringify(value, null, 2) ?? null;
+  } catch {
+    return printable(value);
   }
-  const record = raw as Record<string, unknown>;
-  const command = typeof record.command === "string" ? record.command : null;
-  if (!command) return { command: null, input: printable(raw) };
-  const rest = Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(record).filter(([key]) => key !== "command"));
-  return { command, input: Object.keys(rest).length > 0 ? printable(rest) : null };
+}
+
+function record(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> | null {
+  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) return null;
+  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
 }
 
 function appendToolDetail(container: HTMLElement, label: string, text: string): void {
@@ -268,6 +271,213 @@ function appendToolDetail(container: HTMLElement, label: string, text: string):
   container.appendChild(detail);
 }
 
+function appendToolValue(container: HTMLElement, label: string, value: unknown, duplicates?: Set<string>): void {
+  const text = printable(value);
+  if (text !== null && text !== "" && !duplicates?.has(text)) appendToolDetail(container, label, text);
+}
+
+function appendExitCode(container: HTMLElement, value: unknown): void {
+  if (typeof value !== "number") return;
+  const line = el("div", "st-tool-fact");
+  const label = el("span", "st-tool-fact-label");
+  label.textContent = "Exit code";
+  const code = el("code", value === 0 ? "st-tool-exit-ok" : "st-tool-exit-failed");
+  code.textContent = String(value);
+  line.append(label, code);
+  container.appendChild(line);
+}
+
+function appendCommandPayload(
+  container: HTMLElement,
+  input: Record<string, unknown>,
+  output: unknown,
+  contentText: Set<string>,
+): boolean {
+  if (typeof input.command !== "string") return false;
+  appendToolDetail(container, "Command", input.command);
+  appendToolValue(container, "Working directory", input.cwd);
+
+  const result = record(output);
+  if (result) {
+    appendToolValue(container, "Output", result.formatted_output ?? result.stdout ?? result.output, contentText);
+    appendExitCode(container, result.exit_code);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+function appendMcpPayload(
+  container: HTMLElement,
+  input: Record<string, unknown>,
+  output: unknown,
+  contentText: Set<string>,
+): boolean {
+  if (typeof input.server !== "string" || typeof input.tool !== "string" || !("arguments" in input)) return false;
+  appendToolValue(container, "Arguments", input.arguments);
+  const result = record(output);
+  if (result) {
+    appendToolValue(container, "Result", result.result, contentText);
+    appendToolValue(container, "Error", result.error);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+function appendSearchPayload(
+  container: HTMLElement,
+  input: Record<string, unknown>,
+  tool: AcpToolCallLike,
+): boolean {
+  if (typeof input.query !== "string" || (tool.kind !== "search" && input.type !== "webSearch")) return false;
+  appendToolDetail(container, "Query", input.query);
+  appendToolValue(container, "Action", input.action);
+  return true;
+}
+
+function appendFunctionPayload(
+  container: HTMLElement,
+  input: Record<string, unknown>,
+  output: unknown,
+  contentText: Set<string>,
+): boolean {
+  if (!("arguments" in input)) return false;
+  appendToolValue(container, "Arguments", input.arguments);
+  const result = record(output);
+  if (result) appendToolValue(container, "Result", result.output, contentText);
+  return true;
+}
+
+function appendKnownToolPayload(
+  container: HTMLElement,
+  tool: AcpToolCallLike,
+  content: AcpToolCallContent[],
+): void {
+  const input = record(tool.rawInput);
+  if (!input) return;
+  const contentText = new Set(
+    content
+      .filter((block): block is Extract<AcpToolCallContent, { type: "content" }> => block.type === "content")
+      .filter((block) => block.content.type === "text")
+      .map((block) => (block.content as Extract<AcpContentBlock, { type: "text" }>).text),
+  );
+  if (appendCommandPayload(container, input, tool.rawOutput, contentText)) return;
+  if (appendMcpPayload(container, input, tool.rawOutput, contentText)) return;
+  if (appendSearchPayload(container, input, tool)) return;
+  appendFunctionPayload(container, input, tool.rawOutput, contentText);
+}
+
+function safeMediaSource(
+  mimeType: string | undefined,
+  data: string | undefined,
+  family: "image" | "audio",
+): string | null {
+  if (!mimeType || !data || !new RegExp(`^${family}/[a-z0-9.+-]+$`, "i").test(mimeType)) return null;
+  return `data:${mimeType};base64,${data}`;
+}
+
+function appendContentBlock(container: HTMLElement, block: AcpContentBlock): void {
+  if (block.type === "text") {
+    if (!block.text) return;
+    const text = el("div", "st-tool-text");
+    text.textContent = block.text;
+    makeCopyable(text, block.text, "output");
+    container.appendChild(text);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (block.type === "image") {
+    const source = safeMediaSource(block.mimeType, block.data, "image");
+    if (source) {
+      const image = document.createElement("img");
+      image.className = "st-tool-image";
+      image.src = source;
+      image.alt = "Tool output";
+      image.loading = "lazy";
+      container.appendChild(image);
+      return;
+    }
+    appendToolValue(container, "Image", block.uri ?? block.mimeType ?? "Unavailable");
+    return;
+  }
+  if (block.type === "audio") {
+    const source = safeMediaSource(block.mimeType, block.data, "audio");
+    if (source) {
+      const audio = document.createElement("audio");
+      audio.className = "st-tool-audio";
+      audio.controls = true;
+      audio.src = source;
+      container.appendChild(audio);
+      return;
+    }
+    appendToolValue(container, "Audio", block.mimeType ?? "Unavailable");
+    return;
+  }
+  if (block.type === "resource_link") {
+    const resource = el("div", "st-tool-resource");
+    const name = el("span", "st-tool-resource-name");
+    name.textContent = block.title ?? block.name ?? "Resource";
+    resource.appendChild(name);
+    if (block.uri) {
+      const uri = el("code", "st-tool-resource-uri");
+      uri.textContent = block.uri;
+      makeCopyable(uri, block.uri, "resource URI");
+      resource.appendChild(uri);
+    }
+    if (block.description) {
+      const description = el("span", "st-tool-resource-description");
+      description.textContent = block.description;
+      resource.appendChild(description);
+    }
+    container.appendChild(resource);
+    return;
+  }
+  const resource = block.resource;
+  if (typeof resource?.text === "string") {
+    appendToolDetail(container, resource.uri ? `Resource · ${resource.uri}` : "Resource", resource.text);
+  } else {
+    appendToolValue(container, "Resource", resource);
+  }
+}
+
+function appendStandardContent(container: HTMLElement, content: AcpToolCallContent[]): void {
+  for (const block of content) {
+    if (block.type === "content") appendContentBlock(container, block.content);
+    if (block.type === "diff") container.appendChild(buildDiffBlock(block));
+    if (block.type === "terminal") {
+      const note = el("div", "st-tool-terminal");
+      note.textContent = block.terminalId ? `Terminal · ${block.terminalId}` : "Embedded terminal";
+      container.appendChild(note);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function appendRawPayload(container: HTMLElement, tool: AcpToolCallLike): void {
+  const input = jsonPrintable(tool.rawInput);
+  const output = jsonPrintable(tool.rawOutput);
+  if (input === null && output === null) return;
+
+  const disclosure = document.createElement("details");
+  disclosure.className = "st-tool-raw";
+  const summary = document.createElement("summary");
+  summary.textContent = "Raw JSON";
+  disclosure.appendChild(summary);
+  const body = el("div", "st-tool-raw-body");
+  if (input !== null) appendToolDetail(body, "Input", input);
+  if (output !== null) appendToolDetail(body, "Output", output);
+  disclosure.appendChild(body);
+  container.appendChild(disclosure);
+}
+
+function setDisclosure(element: HTMLElement, expanded: boolean, animate = false): void {
+  element.hidden = false;
+  if (animate && expanded && !element.classList.contains("is-expanded")) {
+    // Establish the collapsed grid track before opening it in the same event
+    // turn. Without this read, a freshly lazy-built tool body has no painted
+    // starting state and the browser quite reasonably skips the transition.
+    void element.offsetHeight;
+  }
+  element.classList.toggle("is-expanded", expanded);
+  element.setAttribute("aria-hidden", String(!expanded));
+  element.inert = !expanded;
+}
+
 /** `+added -removed` across every diff block in a tool call's content —
  *  real derived data, never a fabricated duration. */
 function toolDiffMeta(content: AcpToolCallContent[]): string {
@@ -330,48 +540,34 @@ function buildToolRow(
   }
   card.appendChild(head);
 
-  const out = el("div", "st-tool-out");
+  const out = el("div", "st-tool-out st-disclosure");
+  const outClip = el("div", "st-disclosure-clip");
+  const outInner = el("div", "st-disclosure-inner");
+  outClip.appendChild(outInner);
+  out.appendChild(outClip);
   out.hidden = true;
   let outBuilt = false;
   const buildOut = () => {
     if (outBuilt) return;
     outBuilt = true;
-    const { command, input } = toolInput(tool);
-    if (command) appendToolDetail(out, "Command", command);
-    if (input !== null) appendToolDetail(out, "Input", input);
-    const rawOutput = printable(tool.rawOutput);
-    if (rawOutput !== null) appendToolDetail(out, "Output", rawOutput);
-    const texts = content
-      .filter((c): c is Extract<AcpToolCallContent, { type: "content" }> => c.type === "content")
-      .map((c) => contentBlockText(c.content))
-      .filter(Boolean);
-    const contentText = texts.join("\n");
-    if (contentText && contentText !== rawOutput) {
-      const textPanel = el("div", "st-tool-text");
-      textPanel.textContent = contentText;
-      makeCopyable(textPanel, contentText, "output");
-      out.appendChild(textPanel);
-    }
-    for (const block of content) {
-      if (block.type === "diff") out.appendChild(buildDiffBlock(block));
-      if (block.type === "terminal") {
-        const note = el("div", "st-tool-text");
-        note.textContent = "[embedded terminal]";
-        out.appendChild(note);
-      }
-    }
-    if (out.children.length === 0) out.hidden = true;
+    appendStandardContent(outInner, content);
+    appendKnownToolPayload(outInner, tool, content);
+    appendRawPayload(outInner, tool);
   };
   card.appendChild(out);
 
-  const setExpanded = (nextExpanded: boolean) => {
+  const setExpanded = (nextExpanded: boolean, animate = false) => {
     if (nextExpanded) buildOut();
-    if (out.children.length === 0) nextExpanded = false;
+    if (outInner.children.length === 0) nextExpanded = false;
     head.setAttribute("aria-expanded", String(nextExpanded));
-    out.hidden = !nextExpanded;
+    if (outInner.children.length === 0) {
+      out.hidden = true;
+    } else {
+      setDisclosure(out, nextExpanded, animate);
+    }
   };
   head.addEventListener("click", () => {
-    setExpanded(head.getAttribute("aria-expanded") !== "true");
+    setExpanded(head.getAttribute("aria-expanded") !== "true", true);
     onExpandedChange?.(head.getAttribute("aria-expanded") === "true");
   });
   setExpanded(expanded);
@@ -385,7 +581,9 @@ export function buildToolGroup(
   children: HTMLElement[],
   expanded: boolean,
   onExpandedChange?: (expanded: boolean) => void,
+  toolCount?: number,
 ): HTMLElement {
+  const count = toolCount ?? rows.length;
   const wrap = el("div", "st-tool-group");
   wrap.dataset.toolGroupId = id;
   const head = document.createElement("button");
@@ -397,23 +595,20 @@ export function buildToolGroup(
   glyph.textContent = "›";
   glyph.setAttribute("aria-hidden", "true");
   const title = el("span", "st-tool-group-title");
-  title.textContent = `${rows.length} tool calls`;
-  const names = el("span", "st-tool-group-names");
-  names.textContent = rows
-    .map((row) => {
-      const tool = (row.data ?? {}) as AcpToolCallLike;
-      return splitToolTitle(tool.title, tool.name, tool.kind).label;
-    })
-    .join(" · ");
-  head.append(glyph, title, names);
+  title.textContent = `${count} tool calls`;
+  head.append(glyph, title);
 
-  const body = el("div", "st-tool-group-body");
-  body.hidden = !expanded;
-  body.append(...children);
+  const body = el("div", "st-tool-group-body st-disclosure");
+  const bodyClip = el("div", "st-disclosure-clip");
+  const bodyInner = el("div", "st-disclosure-inner");
+  bodyInner.append(...children);
+  bodyClip.appendChild(bodyInner);
+  body.appendChild(bodyClip);
+  setDisclosure(body, expanded);
   head.addEventListener("click", () => {
     expanded = !expanded;
     head.setAttribute("aria-expanded", String(expanded));
-    body.hidden = !expanded;
+    setDisclosure(body, expanded, true);
     onExpandedChange?.(expanded);
   });
   wrap.append(head, body);
@@ -509,6 +704,16 @@ function offeredDecisions(options: AcpPermissionOption[]): StructuredApprovalDec
 function buildApprovalRow(row: TranscriptRow, approval: ApprovalRowState): HTMLElement {
   const request = (row.data ?? {}) as { toolCall?: AcpToolCallLike; options?: AcpPermissionOption[] };
   const toolCall = request.toolCall ?? {};
+
+  // Resolved approvals render as a compact one-liner inside a tool group
+  // (or are hidden entirely when standalone — see rebuildTranscript).
+  if (!approval.pending) {
+    const wrap = el("div", "st-row st-row-approval st-approval-compact");
+    const label = toolCall.title ?? toolKindLabel(toolCall.kind);
+    wrap.textContent = `${label} — approved`;
+    return wrap;
+  }
+
   const wrap = el("div", "st-row st-row-approval");
   const card = el("div", "st-approval");
   wrap.appendChild(card);
@@ -528,45 +733,39 @@ function buildApprovalRow(row: TranscriptRow, approval: ApprovalRowState): HTMLE
     card.appendChild(pathEl);
   }
 
-  if (approval.pending) {
-    const acts = el("div", "st-approval-acts");
-    const mk = (label: string, decision: StructuredApprovalDecision, cls: string) => {
-      const btn = document.createElement("button");
-      btn.type = "button";
-      btn.className = cls ? `act ${cls}` : "act";
-      btn.textContent = label;
-      btn.addEventListener("click", () => {
-        const buttons = [...acts.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>("button")];
-        buttons.forEach((b) => (b.disabled = true));
-        approval.onDecide(decision).catch(() => {
-          // Rejects only when this approval is still pending (see
-          // ApprovalRowState) — restore the controls so the operator can
-          // retry; the error itself is surfaced by the connection.
-          buttons.forEach((b) => (b.disabled = false));
-        });
+  const acts = el("div", "st-approval-acts");
+  const mk = (label: string, decision: StructuredApprovalDecision, cls: string) => {
+    const btn = document.createElement("button");
+    btn.type = "button";
+    btn.className = cls ? `act ${cls}` : "act";
+    btn.textContent = label;
+    btn.addEventListener("click", () => {
+      const buttons = [...acts.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>("button")];
+      buttons.forEach((b) => (b.disabled = true));
+      approval.onDecide(decision).catch(() => {
+        // Rejects only when this approval is still pending (see
+        // ApprovalRowState) — restore the controls so the operator can
+        // retry; the error itself is surfaced by the connection.
+        buttons.forEach((b) => (b.disabled = false));
       });
-      return btn;
-    };
-    const offered = offeredDecisions(request.options ?? []);
-    const specs: [StructuredApprovalDecision, string, string][] = [
-      ["allow_once", "Allow once", "primary"],
-      ["allow_for_session", "Allow for session", ""],
-      ["deny", "Deny", "deny"],
-    ];
-    for (const [decision, label, cls] of specs) {
-      if (offered.includes(decision)) acts.appendChild(mk(label, decision, cls));
-    }
-    if (acts.children.length > 0) {
-      card.appendChild(acts);
-    } else {
-      const none = el("div", "st-approval-resolved");
-      none.textContent = "no decision offered";
-      card.appendChild(none);
-    }
+    });
+    return btn;
+  };
+  const offered = offeredDecisions(request.options ?? []);
+  const specs: [StructuredApprovalDecision, string, string][] = [
+    ["allow_once", "Allow once", "primary"],
+    ["allow_for_session", "Allow for session", ""],
+    ["deny", "Deny", "deny"],
+  ];
+  for (const [decision, label, cls] of specs) {
+    if (offered.includes(decision)) acts.appendChild(mk(label, decision, cls));
+  }
+  if (acts.children.length > 0) {
+    card.appendChild(acts);
   } else {
-    const resolved = el("div", "st-approval-resolved");
-    resolved.textContent = "answered";
-    card.appendChild(resolved);
+    const none = el("div", "st-approval-resolved");
+    none.textContent = "no decision offered";
+    card.appendChild(none);
   }
 
   return wrap;

web/src/styles.css

@@ -2290,6 +2290,9 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
 .structured-main {
   min-width: 0;
   min-height: 0;
+  max-width: 820px;
+  margin-inline: auto;
+  width: 100%;
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
   flex: 1 1 auto;
@@ -2533,7 +2536,7 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
 }
 
 .st-copyable::after {
-  content: "copy";
+  content: none;
   position: absolute;
   top: var(--sp-1);
   right: var(--sp-1);
@@ -2549,27 +2552,30 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   transition: opacity var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
 }
 
-.st-copyable:hover,
 .st-copyable:focus-visible {
   background: var(--surface-2);
   outline: none;
 }
 
-.st-copyable:hover::after,
-.st-copyable:focus-visible::after,
-.st-copyable[data-copy-state="copied"]::after,
-.st-copyable[data-copy-state="error"]::after {
-  opacity: 1;
-}
+@media (hover: hover) {
+  .st-copyable:hover {
+    background: var(--surface-2);
+  }
 
-.st-copyable[data-copy-state="copied"]::after {
-  content: "copied";
-  color: var(--live);
-}
+  .st-copyable:hover::after {
+    content: "copy";
+    opacity: 1;
+  }
 
-.st-copyable[data-copy-state="error"]::after {
-  content: "copy failed";
-  color: var(--danger);
+  .st-copyable[data-copy-state="copied"]:hover::after {
+    content: "copied";
+    color: var(--live);
+  }
+
+  .st-copyable[data-copy-state="error"]:hover::after {
+    content: "copy failed";
+    color: var(--danger);
+  }
 }
 
 /* tool rows: bordered, compact, deliberately not lifted */
@@ -2593,6 +2599,7 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   gap: var(--sp-2);
   padding: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-3);
   min-width: 0;
+  transition: background var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
 }
 
 .st-tool-head:hover {
@@ -2642,11 +2649,38 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
 }
 
 .st-tool-out {
-  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
-  padding: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-3);
+  border-top: 1px solid transparent;
+}
+
+.st-disclosure {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-rows: 0fr;
+  opacity: 0;
+  transition:
+    grid-template-rows var(--dur) var(--ease-out),
+    opacity var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),
+    border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
+}
+
+.st-disclosure.is-expanded {
+  grid-template-rows: 1fr;
+  opacity: 1;
+}
+
+.st-disclosure-clip {
+  min-height: 0;
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+.st-tool-out.is-expanded {
+  border-top-color: var(--border);
+}
+
+.st-tool-out .st-disclosure-inner {
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
   gap: var(--sp-2);
+  padding: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-3);
 }
 
 /* `display: flex` above outranks the UA sheet's `[hidden]` (same pitfall as
@@ -2689,17 +2723,120 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   overflow-x: auto;
 }
 
+.st-tool-fact {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: baseline;
+  gap: var(--sp-2);
+  color: var(--faint);
+  font-size: var(--fs-11);
+}
+
+.st-tool-fact code {
+  font-family: var(--font-mono);
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+
+.st-tool-exit-ok {
+  color: var(--live);
+}
+
+.st-tool-exit-failed {
+  color: var(--danger);
+}
+
+.st-tool-image {
+  display: block;
+  width: auto;
+  max-width: min(100%, 720px);
+  max-height: 480px;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: var(--r-1);
+  object-fit: contain;
+}
+
+.st-tool-audio {
+  display: block;
+  width: min(100%, 480px);
+  min-height: var(--control-h);
+}
+
+.st-tool-resource {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr);
+  align-items: baseline;
+  gap: var(--sp-1) var(--sp-2);
+  min-width: 0;
+  padding: var(--sp-2);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: var(--r-1);
+  background: var(--bg);
+  font-size: var(--fs-12);
+}
+
+.st-tool-resource-name {
+  color: var(--ink);
+  font-weight: 500;
+}
+
+.st-tool-resource-uri {
+  min-width: 0;
+  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
+  color: var(--muted);
+}
+
+.st-tool-resource-description {
+  grid-column: 1 / -1;
+  color: var(--muted);
+}
+
+.st-tool-terminal {
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-family: var(--font-mono);
+  font-size: var(--fs-12);
+}
+
+.st-tool-raw {
+  color: var(--faint);
+  font-size: var(--fs-11);
+}
+
+.st-tool-raw summary {
+  width: fit-content;
+  padding-block: var(--sp-1);
+  cursor: pointer;
+  user-select: none;
+  transition: color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
+}
+
+.st-tool-raw summary:hover,
+.st-tool-raw summary:focus-visible {
+  color: var(--ink);
+}
+
+.st-tool-raw summary:focus-visible {
+  border-radius: var(--r-1);
+  outline: 2px solid var(--accent-ring);
+  outline-offset: 2px;
+}
+
+.st-tool-raw-body {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: var(--sp-2);
+  padding-top: var(--sp-1);
+}
+
 .st-tool-group {
   min-width: 0;
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
   border-radius: var(--r-2);
   background: color-mix(in oklab, var(--surface-2) 55%, transparent);
-  padding: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-3);
+  padding: var(--sp-1) var(--sp-2);
   transition: background var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
 }
 
 .st-tool-group:hover {
-  background: var(--surface-2);
+  background: color-mix(in oklab, var(--surface-2) 70%, transparent);
 }
 
 .st-tool-group-head {
@@ -2715,6 +2852,7 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   gap: var(--sp-2);
   padding: 0;
   min-width: 0;
+  transition: color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
 }
 
 .st-tool-group-head:hover {
@@ -2735,29 +2873,70 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   font-weight: 500;
 }
 
-.st-tool-group-names {
-  min-width: 0;
-  overflow: hidden;
-  color: var(--muted);
-  text-align: left;
-  text-overflow: ellipsis;
-  white-space: nowrap;
+.st-tool-group-body {
+  padding-top: 0;
 }
 
-.st-tool-group-body {
-  padding-top: var(--sp-2);
+.st-tool-group-body .st-disclosure-inner {
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
+  padding-top: var(--sp-1);
 }
 
-.st-tool-group-body > .st-row-tool {
-  padding: var(--sp-1) 0;
+.st-tool-group-body .st-disclosure-inner > .st-row-tool {
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+/* inside a group, tool cards lose their border and background —
+   the group container already provides the visual boundary. */
+.st-tool-group-body .st-tool {
+  border: 0;
+}
+
+.st-tool-group-body .st-tool-head {
+  padding: var(--sp-1) var(--sp-2);
+  border-radius: var(--r-1);
+}
+
+/* intermediate agent text inside a tool group — subdued so the final
+   answer outside the group stays the prominent one. */
+.st-tool-group-body .st-row-agent {
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: var(--fs-12);
+  padding: var(--sp-1) var(--sp-2);
+}
+
+.st-tool-group-body .st-row-agent .st-body > :first-child {
+  margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+.st-tool-group-body .st-row-agent .st-body > :last-child {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.st-tool-group-body .st-row-thought {
+  padding: var(--sp-1) var(--sp-2);
 }
 
 .st-tool-group-body[hidden] {
   display: none;
 }
 
+/* Live transcript rows resolve into the stream through a short occlusion,
+   matching data becoming concrete without replaying on token patches. */
+.st-row-enter {
+  animation: structured-row-enter var(--dur) var(--ease-out) both;
+}
+
+@keyframes structured-row-enter {
+  from {
+    opacity: 0.2;
+    transform: translateY(3px);
+    clip-path: inset(0 0 18% 0);
+    filter: blur(1px);
+  }
+}
+
 .st-diff-block {
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
@@ -2861,6 +3040,16 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   color: var(--faint);
 }
 
+/* compact resolved approval inside a tool group — same muted treatment
+   as intermediate agent text so the audit trail is preserved without
+   drawing attention to itself. */
+.st-approval-compact {
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: var(--fs-12);
+  padding: var(--sp-1) var(--sp-2);
+  font-style: italic;
+}
+
 .act {
   appearance: none;
   font: inherit;
@@ -2908,31 +3097,38 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
 }
 
 /* The composer is a sibling of the scrolling transcript, not part of it: it
-   stays reachable at the pane edge without changing transcript scroll math. */
+   stays reachable at the pane edge without changing transcript scroll math.
+   It is a flush band at the foot of the pane rather than a floating card: its
+   own `--surface` fill is what separates it from the transcript, over a
+   hairline that doubles as the focus indicator. Inner metrics line the draft
+   up with the transcript's own 12px gutter. */
 .structured-composer {
+  position: relative;
   flex: 0 0 auto;
-  margin: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-3) max(var(--sp-2), env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
-  padding: var(--sp-1);
-  border: 1px solid var(--border-strong);
-  border-radius: var(--r-3);
+  padding: var(--sp-1) var(--sp-1) max(var(--sp-1), env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
   background: var(--surface);
   display: flex;
   align-items: flex-end;
   gap: var(--sp-1);
-  box-shadow:
-    inset 0 1px 0 color-mix(in oklab, var(--ink) 6%, transparent),
-    var(--shadow-1);
-  transition:
-    border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),
-    box-shadow var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
+  transition: border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
+}
+
+.structured-queue {
+  position: absolute;
+  right: var(--sp-2);
+  bottom: calc(100% + var(--sp-1));
+  padding: 3px var(--sp-2);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: var(--r-pill);
+  background: var(--surface);
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: var(--fs-11);
+  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
 }
 
 .structured-composer:focus-within {
-  border-color: var(--accent);
-  box-shadow:
-    inset 0 1px 0 color-mix(in oklab, var(--ink) 8%, transparent),
-    0 0 0 3px var(--accent-tint),
-    var(--shadow-1);
+  border-top-color: var(--border);
 }
 
 .structured-input-wrap {
@@ -2941,6 +3137,45 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   min-width: 0;
 }
 
+.structured-attachments {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: var(--sp-1);
+  padding: var(--sp-1);
+}
+
+.structured-attachments[hidden] { display: none; }
+
+.structured-attachment {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  min-width: 0;
+  max-width: 100%;
+  padding-left: var(--sp-2);
+  background: var(--surface-2);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: var(--r-1);
+  font-size: var(--fs-11);
+}
+
+.structured-attachment > span {
+  overflow: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.structured-attachment button {
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+  min-width: var(--tap);
+  min-height: var(--tap);
+  border: 0;
+  background: transparent;
+  color: var(--muted);
+}
+
+.structured-attachment button:hover { color: var(--ink); }
+.structured-attachment button:disabled { opacity: 0.5; }
+
 .structured-input {
   display: block;
   width: 100%;
@@ -2958,6 +3193,10 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   line-height: 20px;
 }
 
+.structured-input:focus-visible {
+  outline: none;
+}
+
 .structured-composer .structured-send,
 .structured-composer .structured-cancel {
   height: 40px;
@@ -3005,7 +3244,9 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
 }
 
 .structured-composer .structured-cancel {
-  padding: 0 var(--sp-3);
+  position: relative;
+  width: 40px;
+  padding: 0;
   border-color: color-mix(in oklab, var(--danger) 35%, var(--border));
   color: var(--danger);
 }
@@ -3014,9 +3255,47 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   background: var(--danger-tint);
 }
 
+.structured-cancel-stop {
+  width: 16px;
+  height: 16px;
+}
+
+.structured-cancel-spinner {
+  position: absolute;
+  inset: 4px;
+  width: auto;
+  height: auto;
+  animation: cancel-spin 0.8s linear infinite;
+}
+
+@keyframes cancel-spin {
+  to { transform: rotate(360deg); }
+}
+
 @media (max-width: 520px) {
+  /* One row cannot hold a draft plus three controls at phone width — the
+     draft gets a line of its own and the controls drop below it. */
+  .structured-composer {
+    flex-wrap: wrap;
+    justify-content: flex-end;
+    padding-left: var(--sp-2);
+    padding-right: var(--sp-2);
+  }
+
+  /* `order` keeps the draft on the first line: without it the attach button,
+     which precedes it in the DOM, wraps onto a line of its own. */
+  .structured-input-wrap {
+    flex: 1 1 100%;
+    order: -1;
+  }
+
+  .structured-composer .structured-config {
+    margin-right: auto;
+  }
+
   .structured-config-menu {
-    right: calc(-1 * (var(--control-h) + var(--sp-2)));
+    left: 0;
+    right: auto;
   }
 }
 
@@ -3117,18 +3396,18 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   .act,
   .st-copyable,
   .st-copyable::after,
+  .st-disclosure,
+  .st-tool-head,
   .st-tool-group-glyph {
     transition-duration: 0.01ms;
   }
 
-  .structured-activity-pulse {
+  .st-row-enter {
     animation: none;
   }
-}
 
-@media (hover: none) {
-  .st-copyable::after {
-    opacity: 0.7;
+  .structured-activity-pulse {
+    animation: none;
   }
 }
 
@@ -3230,14 +3509,9 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
     overflow-y: visible;
   }
 
-  /* Rides the bottom of the scroll box: reachable at any scroll position, and
-     `margin-top: auto` keeps it at the screen's foot when the form is short. */
   .spawn-modal .form-actions {
-    position: sticky;
-    bottom: 0;
     margin-top: auto;
-    padding: var(--sp-2) 0 calc(var(--sp-2) + env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 0px));
-    background: var(--surface);
+    padding-bottom: calc(var(--sp-2) + env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 0px));
     box-shadow: 0 -8px 12px -8px oklch(0 0 0 / 0.5);
   }
 
@@ -3319,20 +3593,16 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   flex: 0 0 auto;
 }
 
-.worktree {
-  border: 1px solid var(--border);
-  border-radius: var(--r-2);
-  padding: 0 var(--sp-3);
-  margin: 0;
+.advanced {
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
-  background: color-mix(in oklab, var(--surface-2) 50%, transparent);
 }
 
-.worktree .wt-toggle {
-  margin: 0 calc(var(--sp-3) * -1);
-  padding-left: var(--sp-3);
-  width: calc(100% + var(--sp-3) * 2);
+.advanced .wt-toggle {
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 0;
+  padding-top: var(--sp-2);
+  padding-bottom: var(--sp-2);
 }
 
 .wt-summary {
@@ -3344,13 +3614,27 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
   gap: var(--sp-3);
-  padding-bottom: var(--sp-3);
+  padding: var(--sp-2) 0 var(--sp-1);
 }
 
 .wt-collapsible[hidden] {
   display: none;
 }
 
+/* Worktree sub-group: left accent border when expanded, visually nested. */
+.adv-group {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: var(--sp-3);
+  padding-left: var(--sp-3);
+  border-left: 2px solid var(--border);
+  margin-top: var(--sp-1);
+}
+
+.adv-group:has(input[name="worktree_enabled"]:checked) {
+  border-left-color: var(--accent);
+}
+
 .form-error {
   color: var(--danger);
   margin: 0;
@@ -3377,61 +3661,78 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   color: var(--ink);
 }
 
-/* One-click tiles: host row + command row. */
-.tile-row {
-  display: flex;
-  flex-wrap: wrap;
+/* Harness cards: the first decision in the spawn form — which tool runs. */
+.harness-grid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(120px, 1fr));
   gap: var(--sp-2);
 }
 
-.tile {
-  flex: 1 1 auto;
-  min-width: 96px;
+.harness-card {
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
-  gap: 2px;
-  align-items: flex-start;
-  padding: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-3);
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: var(--sp-2);
+  padding: var(--sp-3) var(--sp-2);
   background: var(--surface-2);
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
   border-radius: var(--r-2);
   color: var(--ink);
   font-family: inherit;
   cursor: pointer;
-  text-align: left;
+  text-align: center;
   transition:
     border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),
     background var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
 }
 
-.tile:hover {
+.harness-card:hover {
   border-color: var(--border-strong);
+  background: var(--surface-3);
 }
 
-.tile.is-active {
+.harness-card.is-active {
   border-color: var(--accent);
   background: var(--accent-tint);
 }
 
-.tile-label {
-  font-size: var(--fs-14);
-  font-weight: 600;
-}
-
-.tile-sub {
-  font-size: var(--fs-12);
-  color: var(--muted);
-  font-family: var(--font-mono);
-}
-
-.tile-more {
-  flex: 0 0 auto;
-  min-width: 0;
-  justify-content: center;
+.harness-icon {
+  display: flex;
   align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  width: 32px;
+  height: 32px;
   color: var(--muted);
 }
 
+.harness-card.is-active .harness-icon {
+  color: var(--ink);
+}
+
+.harness-icon .tool-icon {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.harness-label {
+  font-size: var(--fs-13);
+  font-weight: 600;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+
+/* The "Custom…" card is an escape hatch, not a peer tool — dashed border
+   and subdued color separate it from the named harnesses. */
+.harness-custom {
+  border-style: dashed;
+  color: var(--muted);
+}
+
+.harness-custom .harness-label {
+  font-weight: 500;
+}
+
 /* Working-directory picker (#95). Two steps: a grid of project boxes, then the
    picked project's worktree choices. Stale beyond 7 days dims but stays
    selectable. */
@@ -3458,7 +3759,7 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
 
 .picker.projects {
   display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(190px, 1fr));
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
   align-content: start;
   gap: var(--sp-2);
   max-height: 300px;
@@ -3514,19 +3815,6 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   overflow-wrap: anywhere;
 }
 
-.project-meta {
-  font-family: var(--font-mono);
-  font-size: var(--fs-12);
-  color: var(--faint);
-  overflow: hidden;
-  text-overflow: ellipsis;
-  white-space: nowrap;
-}
-
-.project-meta:empty {
-  display: none;
-}
-
 .project-other {
   align-self: flex-start;
   padding: 4px 0;
@@ -3668,6 +3956,11 @@ input.leaf-rename:focus {
   gap: var(--sp-2);
   justify-content: flex-end;
   margin-top: var(--sp-2);
+  position: sticky;
+  bottom: 0;
+  padding: var(--sp-2) 0;
+  background: var(--surface);
+  z-index: 1;
 }
 
 .reroll {

web/src/types.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ export type SessionStatus = "Running" | "Dead";
 /** Daemon-inferred activity dimension, orthogonal to `SessionStatus` (NAP-340).
  * Absent on payloads from daemons that predate the field. `Error` is only set
  * when an agent reports failure (#105); the daemon never infers it. */
-export type ActivityState = "Active" | "Idle" | "AwaitingInput" | "Error";
+export type ActivityState = "Active" | "Idle" | "AwaitingInput" | "Error" | "Starting";
 
 export interface Session {
   id: Uuid;
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export interface Session {
    * how the command bar's empty query sorts a never-focused session after every
    * session that has one (`docs/COMMAND-BAR.md`). */
   last_focused_at?: IsoTimestamp | null;
-  /** The ACP session id the `claude-code-acp` adapter returned from
+  /** The ACP session id the selected provider adapter returned from
    * `session/new` (#134). Only a `Structured` session whose handshake
    * succeeded has one; a respawn passes it to `session/load` (#135). */
   acp_session_id?: string | null;
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ export interface SpawnPreset {
   id: string;
   label: string;
   command: string;
+  auto_approve?: boolean;
 }
 
 /** `GET /api/info` — the daemon's identity plus its spawn presets (#26).
@@ -277,6 +278,7 @@ export interface CreateSessionRequest {
   metadata?: Record<string, unknown>;
   worktree?: WorktreeSpec;
   view?: SessionView;
+  auto_approve?: boolean;
 }
 
 export type CatalogEvent =
@@ -485,14 +487,28 @@ export type StructuredApprovalDecision = "allow_once" | "allow_for_session" | "d
 
 // ---- ACP v1 payload shapes (agent-client-protocol schema, camelCase) ----
 
-/** `ContentBlock`. Only `text` is common in practice; the rest degrade to a
- * generic placeholder rather than being dropped silently. */
+export interface AcpEmbeddedResource {
+  uri?: string;
+  mimeType?: string;
+  text?: string;
+  blob?: string;
+}
+
+/** `ContentBlock`, including the fields needed to render typed tool output. */
 export type AcpContentBlock =
   | { type: "text"; text: string }
-  | { type: "image"; mimeType?: string }
-  | { type: "audio"; mimeType?: string }
-  | { type: "resource_link"; uri?: string; name?: string }
-  | { type: "resource"; resource?: unknown };
+  | { type: "image"; data?: string; mimeType?: string; uri?: string | null }
+  | { type: "audio"; data?: string; mimeType?: string }
+  | {
+      type: "resource_link";
+      uri?: string;
+      name?: string;
+      title?: string | null;
+      description?: string | null;
+      mimeType?: string | null;
+      size?: number | null;
+    }
+  | { type: "resource"; resource?: AcpEmbeddedResource };
 
 /** `ContentChunk` — the payload of a `User`/`AgentText`/`AgentThought` row. */
 export interface AcpContentChunk {

web/tsconfig.build.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  // The nix derivation's src is `./web`, so the shared fixtures/ directory at
+  // the repo root does not exist there and `*.test.ts` cannot resolve its
+  // imports. Tests are not part of the shipped bundle; `pnpm typecheck` still
+  // checks them from a full checkout.
+  "extends": "./tsconfig.json",
+  "exclude": ["src/**/*.test.ts", "src/**/*.test.tsx"]
+}