feat(maestro): stamp activity_since only on state transitions (#104)

The activity pass now sets activity_since only when the decided
ActivityState differs from the stored one; foreground/cwd-only diffs and
steady-state ticks leave the clock alone, so the sidebar duration counts
time in the current state instead of reading zero.

Daemon restarts still reset the clock to the restart time (stated in
recover()); the daemon cannot know how long a recovered session had
already been idle.

.gitea/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -97,3 +97,34 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: build
         run: pnpm -C web build
+
+  # The flake pins pnpmDeps.hash against web/pnpm-lock.yaml (#98). A lockfile
+  # change invalidates the pin silently elsewhere, so the packaged build has to
+  # fail here too.
+  flake:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      # The runner container is root with no `nixbld` group, but the installer
+      # writes `build-users-group = nixbld` anyway and then fails on it, so the
+      # config goes in first. Flakes are off by default and `nix build .#…`
+      # needs them. Written again afterwards in case the installer replaced it.
+      - name: Install nix
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p /etc/nix
+          printf 'build-users-group =\nexperimental-features = nix-command flakes\n' > /etc/nix/nix.conf
+          curl -fsSL https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh -s -- --no-daemon --yes
+          printf 'build-users-group =\nexperimental-features = nix-command flakes\n' > /etc/nix/nix.conf
+          echo "$HOME/.nix-profile/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+
+      # The installer does not enable flakes, so `nix build .#…` needs the
+      # features passed explicitly — a local machine that has them in
+      # nix.conf will build fine while CI fails without this.
+      - name: build flake packages
+        run: |
+          nix --extra-experimental-features "nix-command flakes" build \
+            .#webFrontend \
+            .#maestro \
+            .#maestro-web \
+            --no-link

CLAUDE.md

@@ -66,6 +66,10 @@ See `docs/INSTALL.md` for end-user install instructions.
 collisions, what blocks a kill, what `--force` retains, and what reclaim
 touches. Read it before changing anything that creates or removes one.
 
+`docs/SIDEBAR.md` is the contract for session cards in the web and TUI
+sidebars — line layout, activity colours, duration format, state precedence.
+Read it before changing sidebar rendering.
+
 `nix run .#dev` (or `just dev`) brings up the whole local stack under
 process-compose: a debug daemon on 127.0.0.1:7071, then Vite on :5173 once the
 daemon answers `/api/info`. The SPA proxies `/api/*` back to the daemon, so only

crates/maestro-cli/src/sessions.rs

@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ fn print_session_table(out: &mut impl Write, sessions: &[Session], info: &Daemon
             ActivityState::Active => "active",
             ActivityState::Idle => "idle",
             ActivityState::AwaitingInput => "awaiting",
+            ActivityState::Error => "error",
         };
         // Show the live foreground command alongside the spawn command when
         // the daemon has observed one that differs (NAP-340).
@@ -176,6 +177,7 @@ mod tests {
             foreground: None,
             activity: Default::default(),
             last_activity_at: chrono::Utc::now(),
+            activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
             current_cwd: None,
             blocked_work: None,
         }

crates/maestro-daemon/src/cli.rs

@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ async fn run(config_override: Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
     // One store instance shared with the API handlers: forced kills (#81)
     // record here, `GET /api/worktrees` (#80) reads back from here.
     .with_retained_store((*retained).clone());
+    // Spawned sessions learn where to report back (#103). Derived from the
+    // configured bind address; set before any spawn can happen.
+    manager.set_daemon_url(format!("http://{}", config.bind_addr));
 
     let recovered = manager.recover().await?;
     tracing::info!(recovered, "adopted existing tmux sessions");

crates/maestro-daemon/src/session.rs

@@ -131,6 +131,11 @@ struct Inner {
     /// Retained-worktree store (#78). `None` when not wired (tests); a forced
     /// kill (#81) without one fails rather than destroying unrecorded work.
     retained: Option<crate::retained_store::RetainedStore>,
+    /// The daemon's own HTTP base URL (#103), exported to spawned sessions as
+    /// `MAESTRO_URL`. `None` when unknown — those sessions simply don't get
+    /// the variable. A mutex because the runner sets it after construction,
+    /// possibly while clones are already serving.
+    daemon_url: std::sync::Mutex<Option<String>>,
     sessions: Mutex<HashMap<Uuid, SessionRecord>>,
     events: broadcast::Sender<CatalogEvent>,
 }
@@ -170,6 +175,7 @@ impl SessionManager {
                 replay_bytes,
                 spawn_history: None,
                 retained: None,
+                daemon_url: std::sync::Mutex::new(None),
                 sessions: Mutex::new(HashMap::new()),
                 events,
             }),
@@ -202,6 +208,14 @@ impl SessionManager {
         self
     }
 
+    /// Set the daemon's own HTTP base URL (#103), exported to every session
+    /// spawned afterwards as `MAESTRO_URL`. Unlike the `with_*` builders this
+    /// is a plain setter: the daemon runner learns its bound address after
+    /// construction, and clones may already exist by then.
+    pub fn set_daemon_url(&self, url: String) {
+        *self.inner.daemon_url.lock().expect("daemon_url mutex") = Some(url);
+    }
+
     /// Recent working dirs for the spawn form's picker (#24), newest-first and
     /// deduped by dir. Empty when no history is wired or it's disabled.
     pub fn recent_dirs(&self) -> Vec<RecentDir> {
@@ -278,7 +292,11 @@ impl SessionManager {
                     self.inner.worktree_mgr.add_existing(base_repo, branch)
                 }
                 .map_err(SessionError::Worktree)?;
-                (path.clone(), Some(path), Some(base_repo.clone()))
+                // Record the repository, not whatever the request named: a
+                // spawn from inside a linked worktree passes that worktree as
+                // `base_repo`, and clients group sessions by this path (#99).
+                let repo = crate::worktree::main_checkout_of(base_repo);
+                (path.clone(), Some(path), Some(repo))
             }
             None => (req.cwd.clone(), None, None),
         };
@@ -300,7 +318,7 @@ impl SessionManager {
                     return Err(e.into());
                 }
             };
-        let session_env = match sanitize_env(&req.env) {
+        let mut session_env = match sanitize_env(&req.env) {
             Ok(env) => env,
             Err(e) => {
                 let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&fifo_path);
@@ -308,6 +326,19 @@ impl SessionManager {
                 return Err(e);
             }
         };
+        // Identity + reporting target for the in-session hook (#106). Ours
+        // win over whatever the request carried, so a client cannot spoof
+        // another session's identity (#103).
+        session_env.insert("MAESTRO_SESSION_ID".into(), id.to_string());
+        if let Some(url) = self
+            .inner
+            .daemon_url
+            .lock()
+            .expect("daemon_url mutex")
+            .clone()
+        {
+            session_env.insert("MAESTRO_URL".into(), url);
+        }
         let spawned = {
             let tmux = self.inner.tmux.clone();
             let cwd = effective_cwd.clone();
@@ -349,6 +380,7 @@ impl SessionManager {
             foreground: None,
             activity: ActivityState::Active,
             last_activity_at: Utc::now(),
+            activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
 
             current_cwd: None,
             // The watcher fills this in on its first blocked-work pass; a
@@ -565,9 +597,13 @@ impl SessionManager {
                     status: SessionStatus::Running,
                     created_at: Utc::now(),
                     // Activity is unknown on adoption; the watcher fills it in.
+                    // #104: the restart also resets the activity clock to now —
+                    // accepted, since the daemon cannot know how long a
+                    // recovered session had already been sitting idle.
                     foreground: None,
                     activity: ActivityState::Idle,
                     last_activity_at: Utc::now(),
+                    activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
 
                     current_cwd: None,
                     blocked_work: None,
@@ -824,6 +860,12 @@ async fn run_activity_pass(inner: &Arc<Inner>) {
             {
                 None
             } else {
+                // #104: stamp only when the state itself changed — never on
+                // foreground/cwd-only diffs, and never every tick, or the
+                // sidebar's duration would reset continuously and read zero.
+                if rec.session.activity != activity {
+                    rec.session.activity_since = Utc::now();
+                }
                 rec.session.activity = activity;
                 rec.session.foreground = foreground;
                 rec.session.current_cwd = current_cwd;

crates/maestro-daemon/src/tmux.rs

@@ -264,6 +264,25 @@ impl Tmux {
         check(out)
     }
 
+    /// `tmux show-environment -t maestro-<id>`, parsed into KEY=VALUE pairs.
+    /// Test-facing view of what a spawned session actually inherits.
+    pub fn show_environment(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<BTreeMap<String, String>, TmuxError> {
+        let name = session_name(id);
+        let out = self
+            .cmd()
+            .args(["show-environment", "-t", &name])
+            .output()?;
+        check(out.clone())?;
+        let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stdout);
+        let mut env = BTreeMap::new();
+        for line in stdout.lines() {
+            if let Some((k, v)) = line.split_once('=') {
+                env.insert(k.to_string(), v.to_string());
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(env)
+    }
+
     /// `tmux kill-server`. Best-effort cleanup used mostly by tests.
     pub fn kill_server(&self) -> Result<(), TmuxError> {
         let out = self.cmd().arg("kill-server").output()?;

crates/maestro-daemon/src/worktree.rs

@@ -174,6 +174,13 @@ impl WorktreeManager {
 /// The repository's main checkout. `--git-common-dir` points at the shared
 /// `.git` for every linked worktree, so its parent is the main tree. Falls
 /// back to the input when git can't answer.
+/// The repository a path belongs to: the main checkout, even when `path` is a
+/// linked worktree. Clients group sessions by this (#99), and placement uses it
+/// so a worktree is never nested inside another.
+pub fn main_checkout_of(path: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+    main_checkout(path)
+}
+
 fn main_checkout(path: &Path) -> PathBuf {
     let out = Command::new("git")
         .arg("-C")

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/session_decisions.rs

@@ -30,6 +30,24 @@ impl Fx {
         Self::with_sidecar_dir(|tmp| tmp.join("sidecars"))
     }
 
+    /// Variant whose manager knows the daemon's own base URL (#103), the way
+    /// the production runner wires it from `[daemon].bind_addr`.
+    fn with_daemon_url(url: &str) -> Self {
+        let fx = Self::new();
+        fx.manager.set_daemon_url(url.to_string());
+        fx
+    }
+
+    /// The env map of the (single, expected) spawn call.
+    fn spawned_env(&self) -> BTreeMap<String, String> {
+        let calls = self.fake.calls();
+        let Some(Call::NewSessionPiped { env, .. }) = calls.first() else {
+            panic!("expected a spawn call, got {calls:?}");
+        };
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1, "expected exactly one spawn: {calls:?}");
+        env.clone()
+    }
+
     fn with_sidecar_dir(pick: impl Fn(&std::path::Path) -> PathBuf) -> Self {
         let tmp = TempDir::new().expect("tempdir");
         let fake = Arc::new(FakePanes::new());
@@ -261,16 +279,23 @@ async fn requested_env_reaches_tmux() {
 
     fx.manager.create(req).await.expect("create");
 
+    let spawned = match fx.fake.calls().first() {
+        Some(Call::NewSessionPiped { env, .. }) => env.clone(),
+        other => panic!("expected a spawn call, got {other:?}"),
+    };
+    let id = spawned
+        .get("MAESTRO_SESSION_ID")
+        .expect("spawn must export MAESTRO_SESSION_ID (#103)")
+        .clone();
+    // The daemon-owned variable rides alongside whatever was requested.
     let want: BTreeMap<String, String> = [
         ("EMPTY".to_string(), String::new()),
         ("FOO".to_string(), "bar".to_string()),
+        ("MAESTRO_SESSION_ID".to_string(), id),
     ]
     .into_iter()
     .collect();
-    match fx.fake.calls().first() {
+    assert_eq!(&spawned, &want);
-        Some(Call::NewSessionPiped { env, .. }) => assert_eq!(env, &want),
-        other => panic!("expected a spawn call, got {other:?}"),
-    }
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
@@ -338,6 +363,9 @@ async fn activity_pass_emits_updated_only_when_something_changed() {
     // Still inside `activity::ACTIVE_WINDOW` (3s) since the spawn, so the
     // change here is `foreground`, not the activity state.
     assert_eq!(updated.activity, ActivityState::Active);
+    // A foreground/cwd-only change is not a state transition (#104): the
+    // sidebar's duration must keep counting from the original stamp.
+    assert_eq!(updated.activity_since, session.activity_since);
 
     // Drain anything already queued, then confirm a steady pane stays quiet.
     // Stays well inside the 3s window, so no Active -> Idle transition either.
@@ -349,6 +377,70 @@ async fn activity_pass_emits_updated_only_when_something_changed() {
     );
 }
 
+/// The sidebar's duration (#104) is time in the *current* state, so
+/// `activity_since` is stamped exactly when the decided state differs from
+/// the stored one — once per transition. Stamping it every tick would make
+/// the duration permanently read zero.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn activity_transition_stamps_activity_since_once_per_transition() {
+    let fx = Fx::new();
+    let session = fx
+        .manager
+        .create(fx.request("sleep 300"))
+        .await
+        .expect("create");
+    fx.fake.set_pane_info(
+        session.id,
+        PaneInfo {
+            // Nothing reads from this pid: `awaiting_input` is deterministically
+            // false, so past `ACTIVE_WINDOW` the session decides as Idle.
+            pane_pid: i32::MAX,
+            command: "sleep".into(),
+            tty: "/dev/null".into(),
+            current_path: String::new(),
+        },
+    );
+    let mut events = fx.manager.events();
+    fx.manager.start_liveness_watcher(Duration::from_millis(25));
+
+    let idle = wait_for_activity(&fx.manager, session.id, ActivityState::Idle).await;
+    assert!(
+        idle.activity_since >= session.activity_since + chrono::Duration::seconds(2),
+        "the Active -> Idle transition must stamp a fresh activity_since \
+         (spawn stamp {:?}, transition stamp {:?})",
+        session.activity_since,
+        idle.activity_since
+    );
+
+    // Steady Idle across many more ticks must not re-stamp — no further
+    // SessionUpdated at all, or the sidebar clock would keep resetting.
+    while events.try_recv().is_ok() {}
+    tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(300)).await;
+    assert!(
+        matches!(events.try_recv(), Err(TryRecvError::Empty)),
+        "a steady state must not re-emit (and re-stamp) on every tick"
+    );
+}
+
+async fn wait_for_activity(
+    manager: &SessionManager,
+    id: uuid::Uuid,
+    want: ActivityState,
+) -> maestro_protocol::Session {
+    let deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(6);
+    loop {
+        if tokio::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
+            panic!("timed out waiting for {id} to become {want:?}");
+        }
+        if let Some(s) = manager.snapshot().await.into_iter().find(|s| s.id == id) {
+            if s.activity == want {
+                return s;
+            }
+        }
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(20)).await;
+    }
+}
+
 async fn wait_for_updated(
     events: &mut tokio::sync::broadcast::Receiver<CatalogEvent>,
 ) -> maestro_protocol::Session {
@@ -396,3 +488,70 @@ fn attaching_spawn_history_after_cloning_panics() {
         7,
     ));
 }
+
+/// Every tmux-spawned session learns who it is (#103): its own UUID under
+/// `MAESTRO_SESSION_ID`, so the reporting hook in #106 can name the session
+/// it is running inside.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn spawn_exports_maestro_session_id() {
+    let fx = Fx::new();
+    let s = fx.manager.create(fx.request("bash")).await.expect("create");
+
+    let env = fx.spawned_env();
+    assert_eq!(
+        env.get("MAESTRO_SESSION_ID").map(String::as_str),
+        Some(&s.id.to_string()[..]),
+        "MAESTRO_SESSION_ID must be the session's UUID, got {env:?}"
+    );
+}
+
+/// The hook also needs to know where to report to: `MAESTRO_URL` carries the
+/// daemon's base URL derived from `[daemon].bind_addr` (#103).
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn spawn_exports_maestro_url_when_the_daemon_is_wired() {
+    let fx = Fx::with_daemon_url("http://127.0.0.1:7070");
+    fx.manager.create(fx.request("bash")).await.expect("create");
+
+    let env = fx.spawned_env();
+    assert_eq!(
+        env.get("MAESTRO_URL").map(String::as_str),
+        Some("http://127.0.0.1:7070"),
+        "MAESTRO_URL must be the daemon's base URL, got {env:?}"
+    );
+}
+
+/// Without a wired URL (tests, or a caller that never set one) only the
+/// session id is injected — an empty or bogus `MAESTRO_URL` would send the
+/// #106 hook's reports nowhere useful.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn spawn_omits_maestro_url_when_not_wired() {
+    let fx = Fx::new();
+    fx.manager.create(fx.request("bash")).await.expect("create");
+
+    let env = fx.spawned_env();
+    assert!(
+        !env.contains_key("MAESTRO_URL"),
+        "MAESTRO_URL must be absent when no daemon URL is known, got {env:?}"
+    );
+}
+
+/// The daemon-owned variables win over anything the spawner sent: a client
+/// cannot spoof another session's identity.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn spawn_overrides_client_supplied_maestro_variables() {
+    let fx = Fx::with_daemon_url("http://127.0.0.1:7070");
+    let mut req = fx.request("bash");
+    req.env.insert(
+        "MAESTRO_SESSION_ID".into(),
+        "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000".into(),
+    );
+    req.env.insert("MAESTRO_URL".into(), "http://evil:1".into());
+    let s = fx.manager.create(req).await.expect("create");
+
+    let env = fx.spawned_env();
+    assert_eq!(env.get("MAESTRO_SESSION_ID"), Some(&s.id.to_string()));
+    assert_eq!(
+        env.get("MAESTRO_URL"),
+        Some(&"http://127.0.0.1:7070".to_string())
+    );
+}

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/session_manager.rs

@@ -947,3 +947,101 @@ async fn liveness_watcher_leaves_running_sessions_alone() {
 
     fx.manager.kill(s.id, false).await.unwrap();
 }
+
+/// #99: clients group a session under `worktree.base_repo`, so that field has
+/// to name the repository even when the spawn request pointed at a linked
+/// worktree. Recording the request verbatim put the session in a folder of its
+/// own — `<repo>/worktrees/<branch>` — instead of under the repo.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn worktree_base_repo_records_the_main_checkout_not_the_request() {
+    let fx = DaemonFixture::new();
+    let repo = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    init_repo(repo.path());
+
+    // A linked worktree of that repo, then a spawn whose `base_repo` names it
+    // rather than the main checkout — what happens when the operator spawns
+    // from inside a worktree.
+    let first = fx
+        .manager
+        .create(CreateSessionRequest {
+            cwd: repo.path().to_path_buf(),
+            command: "sleep 30".into(),
+            env: HashMap::new(),
+            metadata: HashMap::new(),
+            worktree: Some(WorktreeSpec {
+                base_repo: repo.path().to_path_buf(),
+                branch: "feat/one".into(),
+                create_branch: true,
+            }),
+        })
+        .await
+        .expect("create first");
+    let inner_worktree = first.worktree.expect("first has a worktree").path;
+
+    let second = fx
+        .manager
+        .create(CreateSessionRequest {
+            cwd: inner_worktree.clone(),
+            command: "sleep 30".into(),
+            env: HashMap::new(),
+            metadata: HashMap::new(),
+            worktree: Some(WorktreeSpec {
+                base_repo: inner_worktree.clone(),
+                branch: "feat/two".into(),
+                create_branch: true,
+            }),
+        })
+        .await
+        .expect("create second");
+
+    let wt = second.worktree.expect("second has a worktree");
+    assert_eq!(
+        wt.base_repo,
+        repo.path()
+            .canonicalize()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| repo.path().to_path_buf()),
+        "base_repo must be the repository, not the worktree the request named",
+    );
+    assert_ne!(wt.base_repo, inner_worktree, "the worktree is not the repo");
+}
+
+/// #103: every tmux-spawned session carries the daemon's identity variables in
+/// its environment — its UUID under `MAESTRO_SESSION_ID` and the daemon's base
+/// URL under `MAESTRO_URL` — so the in-session reporting hook (#106) can find
+/// both without any out-of-band channel.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn spawned_sessions_export_maestro_session_id_and_url() {
+    let fx = DaemonFixture::new();
+    fx.manager
+        .set_daemon_url("http://127.0.0.1:7071".to_string());
+    let cwd = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+
+    let s = fx
+        .manager
+        .create(CreateSessionRequest {
+            cwd: cwd.path().to_path_buf(),
+            command: "sleep 30".into(),
+            env: HashMap::new(),
+            metadata: HashMap::new(),
+            worktree: None,
+        })
+        .await
+        .expect("create");
+
+    let env = fx
+        .tmux
+        .tmux
+        .show_environment(s.id)
+        .expect("show-environment");
+    assert_eq!(
+        env.get("MAESTRO_SESSION_ID"),
+        Some(&s.id.to_string()),
+        "session env: {env:?}"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        env.get("MAESTRO_URL"),
+        Some(&"http://127.0.0.1:7071".to_string())
+    );
+
+    fx.manager.kill(s.id, false).await.expect("kill");
+}

crates/maestro-daemon/tests/sidecar.rs

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ fn sample(id: Uuid) -> Session {
         foreground: None,
         activity: Default::default(),
         last_activity_at: chrono::Utc::now(),
+        activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
         current_cwd: Some(PathBuf::from("/tmp/work/crates")),
         blocked_work: None,
     }

crates/maestro-protocol/src/lib.rs

@@ -80,6 +80,13 @@ pub struct Session {
     /// from daemons that predate the field.
     #[serde(default = "epoch")]
     pub last_activity_at: DateTime<Utc>,
+    /// Wall-clock time at which the session entered its current
+    /// [`ActivityState`] (#102) — how long it has been `Active`, `Idle` or
+    /// `AwaitingInput`. Distinct from [`Self::last_activity_at`], which only
+    /// tracks the last observed PTY output. Populated by #104; defaults to the
+    /// Unix epoch on payloads from daemons that predate the field.
+    #[serde(default = "epoch")]
+    pub activity_since: DateTime<Utc>,
     /// The pane's *current* working directory (`#{pane_current_path}`) — distinct
     /// from [`Session::cwd`], the directory it was spawned in. The activity
     /// watcher refreshes it as the user `cd`s around; it drives the web UI's
@@ -119,6 +126,9 @@ pub enum ActivityState {
     Idle,
     /// Blocked on a `read()` from the pty — waiting on the user.
     AwaitingInput,
+    /// The agent running in the session reported a failure (#102). Never
+    /// inferred by the daemon; only set when an agent reports it (#105).
+    Error,
 }
 
 /// Optional worktree request attached to a `CreateSessionRequest`.
@@ -537,6 +547,9 @@ mod tests {
             last_activity_at: DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339("2026-05-24T12:05:00Z")
                 .unwrap()
                 .with_timezone(&Utc),
+            activity_since: DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339("2026-05-24T12:04:30Z")
+                .unwrap()
+                .with_timezone(&Utc),
             current_cwd: Some(PathBuf::from("/home/naps62/projects/maestro/crates")),
             blocked_work: None,
         }
@@ -588,6 +601,35 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn activity_since_defaults_to_epoch_on_legacy_payload() {
+        // A daemon predating #102 omits `activity_since`; it must deserialize
+        // to the forward-compat default rather than failing, and a present
+        // value round-trips.
+        let json = serde_json::json!({
+            "id": Uuid::from_u128(1),
+            "cwd": "/tmp",
+            "command": "bash",
+            "status": "Running",
+            "created_at": "2026-05-24T12:00:00Z"
+        });
+        let s: Session = serde_json::from_value(json).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(s.activity_since, epoch());
+
+        let full = sample_session();
+        assert_eq!(full, round_trip(&full));
+    }
+
+    // #102: nothing infers `Error`; only #105's agent-reported failure sets it.
+    #[test]
+    fn error_activity_state_serializes_pascal_case_and_idle_stays_default() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            serde_json::to_value(ActivityState::Error).unwrap(),
+            serde_json::json!("Error")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(ActivityState::default(), ActivityState::Idle);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn activity_state_serializes_pascal_case_and_defaults_idle() {
         assert_eq!(

crates/maestro-testing/src/lib.rs

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ pub fn session(id: Uuid, cwd: &str, command: &str) -> Session {
         foreground: None,
         activity: Default::default(),
         last_activity_at: Utc::now(),
+        activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
         current_cwd: None,
         blocked_work: None,
     }

crates/maestro-tui/src/app.rs

@@ -1127,6 +1127,7 @@ mod tests {
                 foreground: None,
                 activity: Default::default(),
                 last_activity_at: Utc::now(),
+                activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
                 current_cwd: None,
                 blocked_work: None,
             }],
@@ -1349,9 +1350,7 @@ mod tests {
         for c in "crimson-otter".chars() {
             app.handle_draft_input(&InputKey::char(c));
         }
-        app.handle_draft_input(&InputKey::Tab); // → worktree toggle
+        app.handle_draft_input(&InputKey::Tab); // → advanced disclosure (collapsed, #93)
-        app.handle_draft_input(&InputKey::Tab); // → branch mode
-        app.handle_draft_input(&InputKey::Tab); // → new-branch name
         app.handle_draft_input(&InputKey::Tab); // → submit
 
         match app.handle_draft_input(&InputKey::Enter).as_slice() {
@@ -1553,8 +1552,8 @@ mod tests {
             panic!("expected a draft pane");
         };
         assert_eq!(draft.command(), "aider");
-        assert_eq!(draft.rows.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(draft.groups.len(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(draft.rows[0].project.name, "maestro");
+        assert_eq!(draft.groups[0].main.name, "maestro");
         assert_eq!(draft.home_dir, "/home/u");
         assert_eq!(draft.name.value(), "crimson-otter");
     }
@@ -1646,6 +1645,7 @@ mod tests {
                 foreground: None,
                 activity: Default::default(),
                 last_activity_at: chrono::Utc::now(),
+                activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
 
                 current_cwd: None,
                 blocked_work: None,

crates/maestro-tui/src/catalog.rs

@@ -194,6 +194,7 @@ mod tests {
             foreground: None,
             activity: Default::default(),
             last_activity_at: chrono::Utc::now(),
+            activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
             current_cwd: None,
             blocked_work: None,
         }

crates/maestro-tui/src/sidebar.rs

@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ mod tests {
             foreground: None,
             activity: Default::default(),
             last_activity_at: chrono::Utc::now(),
+            activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
             current_cwd: None,
             blocked_work: None,
         }
@@ -228,6 +229,7 @@ mod tests {
             foreground: None,
             activity: Default::default(),
             last_activity_at: chrono::Utc::now(),
+            activity_since: chrono::Utc::now(),
 
             current_cwd: None,
             blocked_work: None,

docs/SIDEBAR.md

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+# SIDEBAR.md — the session card contract
+
+One rule for how a session is rendered as a card in the sidebar, so the web
+sidebar (#107) and the TUI sidebar (#108) describe a session the same way.
+Read this before changing either. Both clients implement exactly what is
+written here; if it needs to change, change it here first.
+
+A card has **line 1** always and **line 2** only when line 2 has something to
+say.
+
+## Line 1 — name + actions
+
+- Left: the session name — `metadata.name` if present, else the command line
+  (same fallback both clients already use).
+- Right: two actions anchored to the top-right corner: **spawn similar**
+  (`⧉`) and **kill** (`✕`). In the TUI these are keyboard affordances shown on
+  the highlighted row; in the web they are buttons. The glyphs are shared so
+  muscle memory transfers.
+- Actions reserve their fixed width; the name truncates with `…` before it can
+  ever reach them. **Overlap between the name and the actions is a defect** —
+  that overlap is what started this milestone.
+
+Line 1 carries no badges. The `⚠ blocked work` badge (#83) and the `exited`
+badge move off this row into line 2.
+
+## Line 2 — meta line (adaptive)
+
+Rendered only when at least one of these holds:
+
+1. The session has been held in its current activity state longer than
+   **30 seconds** (`activity_since` from #102). A freshly-active session
+   stays one line.
+2. Its worktree holds blocked work: `blocked_work` is `Some` and not clear
+   (`InTheWay::is_clear()`), rendered in `formatInTheWay`'s phrasing on web
+   and as `⚠ <summary>` on the TUI.
+3. It has exited: `status == Dead`.
+4. An agent-reported state (#105) of `Error` is in force (see Precedence).
+
+Otherwise line 2 is absent — never an empty placeholder row.
+
+When present, line 2 reads left to right:
+
+```
+<dot> <duration> [<blocked work> | exited]
+```
+
+`<dot>` is a single filled glyph (`●` on both clients) carrying the activity
+state's colour, and `<duration>` follows in the same colour. There is no state
+word and no second badge: the dot exists so the state is still legible when a
+row is dimmed or the terminal renders the duration in the default fg.
+
+## Colour per activity state
+
+The state word is never spelled out — the colour carries it.
+
+| Activity state   | Web token | ratatui colour    |
+| ---------------- | --------- | ----------------- |
+| `Active`         | `--live`  | `Color::Green`    |
+| `Idle`           | `--muted` | `Color::DarkGray` |
+| `AwaitingInput`  | `--warn`  | `Color::Yellow`   |
+| `Error`          | `--danger`| `Color::Red`      |
+
+Web tokens resolve per theme automatically (`styles.css` defines dark, light,
+and `prefers-color-scheme` variants for each). The TUI uses the plain ratatui
+named colours above; do not introduce RGB values or a new palette module for
+this.
+
+The duration text inherits its state's colour; the blocked-work and exited
+fragments use the muted colour (`--faint` / default style), since the ⚠ glyph
+already signals severity.
+
+## Duration format
+
+Time spent in the **current activity state**, sourced from `activity_since`
+(#102) — *not* time since spawn, and *not* time since last PTY output
+(`last_activity_at`). Both clients compute it identically:
+
+- `< 60s` → whole seconds, floored: `30s`
+- `< 60m` → whole minutes, floored: `4m`
+- `≥ 60m` → whole hours, floored: `2h`
+
+No days unit, no seconds inside minutes, no rounding up. Floor everywhere so
+the counter never shows a duration the state hasn't actually reached yet.
+Clock granularity: re-render at least once every 30s while visible so the
+cutover points land within one tick.
+
+## Precedence
+
+An agent-reported `ActivityState` (#105) overrides the daemon's inference for
+the TTL the report carries; when the TTL expires, inference resumes. Clients
+never blend the two: whichever source is in force supplies both the colour and
+the clock for `activity_since`.
+
+If a client receives an `ActivityState` variant it does not know, it must not
+fail rendering: treat it as `Idle` (neutral/dim, line-2 rules apply as usual)
+until the daemon sends a variant it does know. Rust clients deserialize
+activity leniently for the same reason.

web/src/main.ts

@@ -272,7 +272,11 @@ function showMultiView(): void {
 // cloned session's dir + command.
 function requestOpenSpawn(): void {
   showMultiView();
-  mv.openDraft();
+  // A new tab, not a split of the pane you were reading (#100). "Spawn
+  // similar" and the fast-forward key below deliberately keep the old
+  // behaviour: both act on the session in front of you, so a split beside it
+  // is the point.
+  mv.openDraft(undefined, { newTab: true });
 }
 document.addEventListener(OPEN_SPAWN_EVENT, () => requestOpenSpawn());
 document.addEventListener("catalog-spawn-similar", (ev) => {

web/src/multiview.test.ts

@@ -282,3 +282,54 @@ describe("multiview pane-drag swap (#73)", () => {
     expect(nameInputOf(leaf2).value).toBe("west");
   });
 });
+
+describe("openDraft newTab (#100)", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    stubFetch();
+    document.body.replaceChildren();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  it("opens its own tab instead of splitting the focused session", async () => {
+    const layout = emptyLayout();
+    const tab = layout.tabs[0];
+    const first = splitLeaf(tab, "", "s1", "row", true);
+    tab.focusedLeafId = first;
+    const mv = makeMv(layout);
+    document.body.appendChild(mv.el);
+    mv.render();
+
+    mv.openDraft(undefined, { newTab: true });
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(layout.tabs).toHaveLength(2);
+    // The tab you were reading is untouched: still one pane, still its session.
+    const original = leaves(layout.tabs[0].root);
+    expect(original).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(original[0].sessionId).toBe("s1");
+    // The draft is alone in the new, now-active tab.
+    const fresh = leaves(layout.tabs[1].root);
+    expect(fresh).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(fresh[0].sessionId).toBeNull();
+    expect(fresh[0].draft).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(layout.activeTabId).toBe(layout.tabs[1].id);
+  });
+
+  it("still splits when newTab is not asked for", async () => {
+    const layout = emptyLayout();
+    const tab = layout.tabs[0];
+    tab.focusedLeafId = splitLeaf(tab, "", "s1", "row", true);
+    const mv = makeMv(layout);
+    document.body.appendChild(mv.el);
+    mv.render();
+
+    mv.openDraft();
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(layout.tabs).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(leaves(tab.root)).toHaveLength(2);
+  });
+});

web/src/multiview.ts

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export interface MultiView {
   /** Open a draft pane (issue #62): reuse the focused pane if it is already
    *  empty, otherwise split the focused pane. `seed` pre-fills the form
    *  ("Spawn similar" clones a session's cwd + command). */
-  openDraft: (seed?: Partial<Draft>) => void;
+  openDraft: (seed?: Partial<Draft>, opts?: { newTab?: boolean }) => void;
   /** Start dragging a sidebar session into the canvas (issue #32). The
    *  controller owns drag-vs-tap: a tap lets the row's normal click open it, a
    *  drag shows drop zones to place it. */
@@ -412,9 +412,18 @@ export function createMultiView(opts: MultiViewOptions): MultiView {
     opts.onOpenSessionsChange?.();
   }
 
-  function openDraft(seed?: Partial<Draft>): void {
+  function openDraft(seed?: Partial<Draft>, opts?: { newTab?: boolean }): void {
-    const tab = activeTab(layout);
     const draft = (): Draft => ({ command: "", cwd: "", name: "", ...seed });
+    if (opts?.newTab) {
+      // Spawn opens its own tab rather than halving whatever you were reading
+      // (#100). The empty-pane reuse below still applies within a tab.
+      const fresh = addTab(layout);
+      fresh.focusedLeafId = splitLeaf(fresh, "", null, "row", true);
+      findLeaf(fresh.root!, fresh.focusedLeafId)!.draft = draft();
+      render();
+      return;
+    }
+    const tab = activeTab(layout);
     if (!tab.root || !tab.focusedLeafId || !findLeaf(tab.root, tab.focusedLeafId)) {
       // Empty tab (or stale focus): the draft becomes the first pane.
       tab.focusedLeafId = splitLeaf(tab, "", null, "row", true);

web/src/projectPicker.test.ts

@@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ function stubFetch(info: unknown, projects: Project[]): void {
   );
 }
 
-function rowPaths(form: HTMLFormElement): string[] {
+function boxPaths(form: HTMLFormElement): string[] {
-  return [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-row:not(.project-other)")].map(
+  return [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-box")].map(
-    (r) => r.dataset.cwd ?? "",
+    (b) => b.dataset.cwd ?? "",
   );
 }
 
-describe("spawnForm project picker", () => {
+describe("spawnForm project picker (#95: boxes, full paths, mains only)", () => {
   let handle: SpawnFormHandle | null = null;
 
   beforeEach(() => {
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ describe("spawnForm project picker", () => {
     return handle;
   }
 
-  it("renders one row per project, fresh before stale", async () => {
+  it("renders one box per project, fresh before stale", async () => {
     const fresh = project({ name: "fresh", path: "/home/user/fresh", last_activity: NOW });
     const stale = project({
       name: "stale",
@@ -73,40 +73,56 @@ describe("spawnForm project picker", () => {
       last_activity: "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z",
     });
     const form = (await mount([stale, fresh])).el;
-    expect(rowPaths(form)).toEqual(["/home/user/fresh", "/home/user/stale"]);
+    expect(boxPaths(form)).toEqual(["/home/user/fresh", "/home/user/stale"]);
-    const rows = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-row")];
+    const boxes = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-box")];
-    expect(rows[1].classList.contains("is-stale")).toBe(true);
+    expect(boxes[1].classList.contains("is-stale")).toBe(true);
-    expect(rows[0].classList.contains("is-stale")).toBe(false);
+    expect(boxes[0].classList.contains("is-stale")).toBe(false);
   });
 
-  it("nests worktrees under their base repository", async () => {
+  it("shows the name as the primary line and the full path unabbreviated", async () => {
+    const p = project({ name: "nixos-config", path: "/home/user/tea/nixos-config" });
+    const form = (await mount([p])).el;
+    const box = form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-box")!;
+    expect(box.querySelector(".project-name")!.textContent).toBe("nixos-config");
+    // Not `~/t/nixos-config`: the abbreviation hid what distinguishes two
+    // projects sharing a basename (#95).
+    expect(box.querySelector(".project-path")!.textContent).toBe("/home/user/tea/nixos-config");
+  });
+
+  it("lists only main checkouts as boxes — worktrees belong to step two", async () => {
     const main = project({ name: "maestro", path: "/home/user/maestro" });
     const wt = project({
       name: "wt",
-      path: "/elsewhere/wt",
+      path: "/home/user/maestro/worktrees/wt",
       is_worktree: true,
       base_repo: main.path,
     });
     const form = (await mount([wt, main])).el;
-    expect(rowPaths(form)).toEqual(["/home/user/maestro", "/elsewhere/wt"]);
+    expect(boxPaths(form)).toEqual(["/home/user/maestro"]);
-    const [mainRow, wtRow] = [
+    expect(form.querySelector(".project-box.is-worktree")).toBeNull();
-      ...form.querySelectorAll(".project-row:not(.project-other)"),
-    ];
-    expect(wtRow.classList.contains("is-worktree")).toBe(true);
-    expect(mainRow.classList.contains("is-worktree")).toBe(false);
   });
 
-  it("filters rows as the operator types", async () => {
+  it("filters boxes as the operator types, keeping a repo its worktree matched", async () => {
     const a = project({ name: "maestro", path: "/home/user/maestro" });
     const b = project({ name: "tea", path: "/home/user/work/tea" });
-    const form = (await mount([a, b])).el;
+    const wt = project({
+      name: "bulgarians",
+      path: "/home/user/maestro/worktrees/bulgarians",
+      is_worktree: true,
+      base_repo: a.path,
+    });
+    const form = (await mount([a, b, wt])).el;
     const filter = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>(".project-filter")!;
     filter.value = "tea";
     filter.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
-    expect(rowPaths(form)).toEqual(["/home/user/work/tea"]);
+    expect(boxPaths(form)).toEqual(["/home/user/work/tea"]);
+    // A query that only matches a worktree still surfaces its repository box.
+    filter.value = "bulgarians";
+    filter.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
+    expect(boxPaths(form)).toEqual(["/home/user/maestro"]);
     filter.value = "zzz";
     filter.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
-    expect(rowPaths(form)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(boxPaths(form)).toEqual([]);
     expect(form.querySelector(".picker-empty")).toBeTruthy();
   });
 
@@ -135,17 +151,17 @@ describe("spawnForm project picker", () => {
     for (let i = 0; i < 20; i++) await Promise.resolve();
     onChange.mockClear();
 
-    const row = form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-row")!;
+    const box = form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-box")!;
-    row.click();
+    box.click();
 
     const values = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=name]")!.value;
     const last = onChange.mock.lastCall![0];
     expect(last.cwd).toBe("/home/user/maestro");
     expect(last.command).toBe("claude");
     expect(values).toBeTruthy();
-    // The raw input stays hidden — the picked row is the source of truth.
+    // The raw input stays hidden — the picked box is the source of truth.
     expect((form.querySelector(".cwd-raw-wrap") as HTMLElement).hidden).toBe(true);
-    expect(row.classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(true);
+    expect(box.classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(true);
   });
 
   it("keeps an 'Other directory…' escape hatch that reveals the raw input", async () => {

web/src/spawnForm.ts

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ import {
 } from "./api.js";
 import { attachDirAutocomplete } from "./dirAutocomplete.js";
 import { filterProjects, groupProjects, isStale, sortProjects } from "./projectList.js";
+import type { ProjectGroup } from "./projectList.js";
 import type { BranchInfo, CreateSessionRequest, Project, Session, SpawnPreset } from "./types.js";
-import { abbreviateCwd, abbreviateFolderName } from "./types.js";
 
 /** Where a worktree's branch comes from: freshly created (default) or picked
  * from the repository's existing branches (#61). */
@@ -130,15 +130,20 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
              placeholder="bash -l" autocomplete="off" />
     </div>
     <div class="field">
-      <span class="field-label">Working directory</span>
+      <span class="field-label">Project</span>
       <input class="raw-input project-filter" type="text" placeholder="Filter projects…"
              autocomplete="off" />
       <div class="picker projects"></div>
+      <button type="button" class="project-other">Other directory…</button>
       <div class="raw-wrap cwd-raw-wrap" hidden>
         <input class="raw-input cwd-raw" name="cwd_raw" type="text"
                placeholder="/home/user/project" inputmode="text" autocomplete="off" />
       </div>
     </div>
+    <div class="field wt-step" hidden>
+      <span class="field-label">Worktree</span>
+      <div class="picker wt-choices"></div>
+    </div>
     <div class="field">
       <span class="field-label">Name</span>
       <div class="name-row">
@@ -147,33 +152,38 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
       </div>
     </div>
     <fieldset class="worktree">
-      <legend>
+      <button type="button" class="tree-folder-header wt-toggle" aria-expanded="false">
+        <span class="chevron">▾</span>
+        <span class="folder-name">Advanced options</span>
+        <span class="wt-summary"></span>
+      </button>
+      <div class="wt-collapsible" hidden>
         <label class="row-inline">
           <input type="checkbox" name="worktree_enabled" />
           Create git worktree
         </label>
-      </legend>
+        <p class="wt-hint" hidden></p>
-      <p class="wt-hint" hidden></p>
+        <div class="wt-body" hidden>
-      <div class="wt-body" hidden>
+          <p class="wt-repo"></p>
-        <p class="wt-repo"></p>
+          <div class="wt-mode" role="radiogroup" aria-label="Branch source">
-        <div class="wt-mode" role="radiogroup" aria-label="Branch source">
+            <label class="row-inline">
-          <label class="row-inline">
+              <input type="radio" name="worktree_branch_mode" value="new" />
-            <input type="radio" name="worktree_branch_mode" value="new" />
+              New branch
-            New branch
+            </label>
+            <label class="row-inline">
+              <input type="radio" name="worktree_branch_mode" value="existing" />
+              Existing branch
+            </label>
+          </div>
+          <label class="wt-new-wrap">
+            New branch name
+            <input name="worktree_branch" type="text" placeholder="feat/foo" autocomplete="off" />
           </label>
-          <label class="row-inline">
+          <label class="wt-exist-wrap" hidden>
-            <input type="radio" name="worktree_branch_mode" value="existing" />
+            Pick a branch
-            Existing branch
+            <select class="branch-select"></select>
           </label>
         </div>
-        <label class="wt-new-wrap">
-          Branch
-          <input name="worktree_branch" type="text" placeholder="feat/foo" autocomplete="off" />
-        </label>
-        <label class="wt-exist-wrap" hidden>
-          Branch
-          <select class="branch-select"></select>
-        </label>
       </div>
     </fieldset>
     <p class="form-error" role="alert" aria-live="polite"></p>
@@ -187,11 +197,17 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
   const errEl = form.querySelector(".form-error") as HTMLElement;
   const cmdTiles = form.querySelector(".cmd-tiles") as HTMLElement;
   const cmdRaw = form.querySelector(".cmd-raw") as HTMLInputElement;
-  const recentsEl = form.querySelector(".projects") as HTMLElement;
+  const projectsEl = form.querySelector(".projects") as HTMLElement;
   const filterInput = form.querySelector(".project-filter") as HTMLInputElement;
+  const otherBtn = form.querySelector(".project-other") as HTMLButtonElement;
+  const wtStep = form.querySelector(".wt-step") as HTMLElement;
+  const wtChoices = form.querySelector(".wt-choices") as HTMLElement;
   const cwdRawWrap = form.querySelector(".cwd-raw-wrap") as HTMLElement;
   const cwdRaw = form.querySelector(".cwd-raw") as HTMLInputElement;
   const wtEnabled = form.querySelector("input[name=worktree_enabled]") as HTMLInputElement;
+  const wtToggle = form.querySelector(".wt-toggle") as HTMLButtonElement;
+  const wtCollapsible = form.querySelector(".wt-collapsible") as HTMLElement;
+  const wtSummary = form.querySelector(".wt-summary") as HTMLElement;
   const wtHint = form.querySelector(".wt-hint") as HTMLElement;
   const wtBody = form.querySelector(".wt-body") as HTMLElement;
   const wtRepo = form.querySelector(".wt-repo") as HTMLElement;
@@ -342,6 +358,15 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
     emit();
   }
 
+  /** Re-highlight the operator's already-picked tile after `renderCommandTiles`
+   * rebuilds the row from scratch (new tiles carry no `is-active` class) —
+   * without touching `command`, since that was already settled. */
+  function reapplyActiveTile(): void {
+    for (const tile of cmdTiles.querySelectorAll(".tile")) {
+      tile.classList.toggle("is-active", (tile as HTMLElement).dataset.id === selectedPresetId);
+    }
+  }
+
   function renderCommandTiles(): void {
     cmdTiles.replaceChildren();
     for (const p of presets) {
@@ -350,13 +375,23 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
       tile.className = "tile";
       tile.dataset.id = p.id;
       tile.innerHTML = `<span class="tile-label">${escapeHtml(p.label)}</span>`;
-      tile.addEventListener("click", () => selectPreset(p.id));
+      tile.addEventListener("click", () => {
+        commandTouched = true;
+        selectPreset(p.id);
+      });
       cmdTiles.appendChild(tile);
     }
   }
 
+  // Set once the operator picks a tile or types a custom command — guards
+  // `applyInitialCommand()` the same way `nameTouched` guards a late name
+  // batch: a late `/api/info` resolution must never overwrite a field the
+  // operator has already touched (#76).
+  let commandTouched = false;
+
   cmdRaw.addEventListener("input", () => {
     if (selectedPresetId === "custom" || presets.find((p) => p.id === selectedPresetId)?.command === "") {
+      commandTouched = true;
       command = cmdRaw.value.trim();
       emit();
     }
@@ -372,7 +407,11 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
       if (info.presets?.length) {
         presets = info.presets;
         renderCommandTiles();
-        applyInitialCommand();
+        if (commandTouched) {
+          reapplyActiveTile();
+        } else {
+          applyInitialCommand();
+        }
       }
     })
     .catch(() => {
@@ -399,12 +438,36 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
     if (first) selectPreset(first.id, false);
   }
 
-  // ---- working-directory picker ---------------------------------------
+  // ---- working-directory picker (#95) ----------------------------------
+  // Two steps, and the TUI mirror (#96) must match these rules verbatim:
+  //  1. Step one is one box per repository (name, then full path). A worktree
+  //     is a box only when its main checkout is missing from the scan.
+  //  2. The filter keeps a repository when the query matches it or any of its
+  //     worktrees, so a worktree name still finds its box.
+  //  3. Picking a box reveals step two: "+ new", then that repository's
+  //     worktrees newest-first. "Other directory…" clears both steps.
+  //  4. "+ new" is the default selection — except on a box that is itself a
+  //     linked worktree, which defaults to that worktree.
+  //  5. "+ new" means create: cwd is the repository, create-worktree on.
+  //     An existing worktree means run in it: cwd is that worktree,
+  //     create-worktree OFF. The daemon never adopts (docs/WORKTREES.md), so
+  //     these are separate acts — #91's rule, now an explicit choice.
+  //  6. Neither step probes /api/gitroot; the scan already reports repository
+  //     membership. Only the free-text hatch pays for a probe.
+
+  /** "new" (create a worktree) or the path of an existing worktree to run in. */
+  type WorktreeChoice = "new" | string;
+
+  let discovered: Project[] = []; // daemon snapshot, daemon-sorted
+  let groups: ProjectGroup[] = []; // rebuilt on every render
+  let selectedGroup: ProjectGroup | null = null;
+  let worktreeChoice: WorktreeChoice = "new";
+
   function showRawCwd(prefillValue?: string, focus = true): void {
     cwdRawWrap.hidden = false;
     if (prefillValue != null) cwd = prefillValue;
     cwdRaw.value = cwd;
-    markActiveProject(null);
+    clearProjectSelection();
     if (focus) {
       cwdRaw.focus();
       cwdRaw.select();
@@ -421,62 +484,95 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
     if (wtEnabled.checked) scheduleGitRootProbe();
   });
 
-  function markActiveProject(activeCwd: string | null): void {
+  /** Every worktree of a group, including the group's own box when the scan
-    for (const row of recentsEl.querySelectorAll(".project-row")) {
+   * found no main checkout to nest it under. */
-      row.classList.toggle(
+  function worktreesOf(group: ProjectGroup): Project[] {
-        "is-active",
+    return [group.main, ...group.worktrees].filter((p) => p.is_worktree);
-        (row as HTMLElement).dataset.cwd === activeCwd,
+  }
-      );
+
+  function markActiveBox(): void {
+    const active = selectedGroup?.main.path ?? null;
+    for (const box of projectsEl.querySelectorAll(".project-box")) {
+      box.classList.toggle("is-active", (box as HTMLElement).dataset.cwd === active);
     }
   }
 
-  function selectProject(project: Project): void {
+  function markActiveChoice(): void {
-    cwd = project.path;
+    for (const btn of wtChoices.querySelectorAll(".wt-choice")) {
+      const el = btn as HTMLElement;
+      const value = el.dataset.kind === "new" ? "new" : (el.dataset.cwd ?? "");
+      el.classList.toggle("is-active", value === worktreeChoice);
+    }
+  }
+
+  function clearProjectSelection(): void {
+    selectedGroup = null;
+    worktreeChoice = "new";
+    wtChoices.replaceChildren();
+    wtStep.hidden = true;
+    markActiveBox();
+  }
+
+  function selectProject(group: ProjectGroup): void {
+    selectedGroup = group;
     cwdRawWrap.hidden = true;
-    markActiveProject(project.path);
+    renderWorktreeChoices(group);
-    // The scan already knows this directory is inside a repo (#61): the
+    markActiveBox();
-    // toggle defaults back on and no /api/gitroot round trip is needed —
+    // Rule 4: a box that is itself a linked worktree defaults to running there.
-    // unless the directory *is* a linked worktree itself (#91): spawning
+    applyWorktreeChoice(group.main.is_worktree ? group.main.path : "new");
-    // in place is the only thing that works there, so default the toggle
+  }
-    // off. Turning it back on by hand still tries (and fails with git's
+
-    // own message), which is deliberate (#91 non-goal).
+  function applyWorktreeChoice(choice: WorktreeChoice): void {
-    wtEnabled.checked = !project.is_worktree;
+    const group = selectedGroup;
-    if (project.is_worktree) {
+    if (!group) return;
+    const target =
+      choice === "new" ? group.main : worktreesOf(group).find((p) => p.path === choice);
+    if (!target) return;
+    worktreeChoice = choice;
+    cwd = target.path;
+    branchCache = null;
+    markActiveChoice();
+    if (choice === "new") {
+      wtEnabled.checked = true;
+      updateWtSummary();
+      applyProjectRepo(group.main.base_repo ?? group.main.path);
+    } else {
+      wtEnabled.checked = false;
+      updateWtSummary();
       inferredBaseRepo = null;
       wtBody.hidden = true;
       wtHint.hidden = true;
-    } else {
-      applyProjectRepo(project.base_repo ?? project.path);
     }
     emit();
-    // Picking a project pre-selects the command it was last used with.
+    // The chosen directory pre-selects the command it was last used with.
-    const match = presets.find((p) => p.command === project.last_command && p.command !== "");
+    const match = presets.find((p) => p.command === target.last_command && p.command !== "");
     if (match) selectPreset(match.id);
   }
 
-  let discovered: Project[] = []; // daemon snapshot, daemon-sorted
+  /** Groups with at least one member (itself or a worktree) matching `query`. */
+  function visibleGroups(query: string): ProjectGroup[] {
+    return groups.filter((g) => filterProjects([g.main, ...g.worktrees], query).length > 0);
+  }
 
   function renderProjects(): void {
-    recentsEl.replaceChildren();
+    projectsEl.replaceChildren();
-    const sorted = sortProjects(filterProjects(discovered, filterInput.value), new Date());
+    groups = groupProjects(sortProjects(discovered, new Date()));
-    for (const group of groupProjects(sorted)) {
+    const visible = visibleGroups(filterInput.value);
-      recentsEl.appendChild(projectRow(group.main));
+    for (const group of visible) projectsEl.appendChild(projectBox(group));
-      for (const wt of group.worktrees) recentsEl.appendChild(projectRow(wt));
+    if (discovered.length > 0 && visible.length === 0) {
-    }
-    if (discovered.length > 0 && sorted.length === 0) {
       const empty = document.createElement("p");
       empty.className = "picker-empty";
       empty.textContent = "No projects match.";
-      recentsEl.appendChild(empty);
+      projectsEl.appendChild(empty);
     }
-    recentsEl.appendChild(otherDirRow());
+    markActiveBox();
-    markActiveProject(cwdRawWrap.hidden ? cwd : null);
   }
 
   filterInput.addEventListener("input", renderProjects);
+  otherBtn.addEventListener("click", () => showRawCwd(cwd || homeDir));
 
   async function loadProjects(): Promise<void> {
-    recentsEl.replaceChildren(loadingRow());
+    projectsEl.replaceChildren(loadingRow());
     try {
       discovered = await fetchProjects();
     } catch {
@@ -487,12 +583,13 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
     if (seedCwd) {
       // A seed sets the directory verbatim, regardless of what the scan found.
       // `cwdRawVisible === false` marks a draft restore whose cwd came from a
-      // picked row: keep the picker and don't steal focus. Otherwise land
+      // picked box: keep the picker and don't steal focus. Otherwise land
       // focused in the raw input (clone / no-match flows).
       if (prefill.cwdRawVisible === false) {
         cwd = seedCwd;
         cwdRaw.value = seedCwd;
-        markActiveProject(cwd);
+        // Restoring must not touch the worktree toggle — the seed carries it.
+        if (!restoreSelection(seedCwd)) clearProjectSelection();
       } else {
         showRawCwd(seedCwd, false);
       }
@@ -509,34 +606,66 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
     emit();
   }
 
-  function projectRow(project: Project): HTMLElement {
+  /** Put the two steps back on a restored draft's cwd, without re-running the
-    const row = document.createElement("button");
+   * side effects of a fresh pick. */
-    row.type = "button";
+  function restoreSelection(path: string): boolean {
-    row.className = `project-row${project.is_worktree ? " is-worktree" : ""}${
+    for (const group of groups) {
-      isStale(project, new Date()) ? " is-stale" : ""
+      const wt = worktreesOf(group).find((p) => p.path === path);
-    }`;
+      const choice: WorktreeChoice | null =
-    row.dataset.cwd = project.path;
+        wt ? wt.path : group.main.path === path ? "new" : null;
-    // Abbreviate exactly like the sidebar: home → `~`, then collapse leading
+      if (choice === null) continue;
-    // segments to initials (`~/g/n/maestro`). The full path stays in the tooltip
+      selectedGroup = group;
-    // and `dataset.cwd` (what's actually submitted).
+      worktreeChoice = choice;
-    const display = abbreviateFolderName(abbreviateCwd(project.path, homeDir));
+      renderWorktreeChoices(group);
-    row.innerHTML = `
+      markActiveChoice();
-      <span class="project-info">
+      markActiveBox();
-        <span class="project-name">${escapeHtml(project.name)}</span>
+      return true;
-        <span class="recent-dir" title="${escapeHtml(project.path)}">${display}</span>
+    }
-      </span>
+    return false;
-      <span class="recent-cmd">${escapeHtml(project.last_command ?? "")}</span>`;
-    row.addEventListener("click", () => selectProject(project));
-    return row;
   }
 
-  function otherDirRow(): HTMLElement {
+  function projectBox(group: ProjectGroup): HTMLElement {
-    const row = document.createElement("button");
+    const project = group.main;
-    row.type = "button";
+    const box = document.createElement("button");
-    row.className = "project-row project-other";
+    box.type = "button";
-    row.innerHTML = `<span class="project-info"><span class="recent-dir">Other directory…</span></span>`;
+    box.className = `project-box${isStale(project, new Date()) ? " is-stale" : ""}`;
-    row.addEventListener("click", () => showRawCwd(cwd || homeDir));
+    box.dataset.cwd = project.path;
-    return row;
+    const trees = worktreesOf(group).length;
+    // The full path, not the sidebar's `~/t/n/maestro` abbreviation: it is what
+    // tells two projects sharing a basename apart (#95).
+    const meta = [trees > 0 ? `${trees} worktree${trees === 1 ? "" : "s"}` : "", project.last_command ?? ""]
+      .filter(Boolean)
+      .join(" · ");
+    box.innerHTML = `
+      <span class="project-name">${escapeHtml(project.name)}</span>
+      <span class="project-path">${escapeHtml(project.path)}</span>
+      <span class="project-meta">${escapeHtml(meta)}</span>`;
+    box.addEventListener("click", () => selectProject(group));
+    return box;
+  }
+
+  function renderWorktreeChoices(group: ProjectGroup): void {
+    wtChoices.replaceChildren();
+    wtChoices.appendChild(
+      choiceButton("new", "+ new", `new worktree of ${group.main.name}`),
+    );
+    for (const wt of worktreesOf(group)) {
+      wtChoices.appendChild(choiceButton(wt.path, wt.name, wt.path));
+    }
+    wtStep.hidden = false;
+  }
+
+  function choiceButton(choice: WorktreeChoice, label: string, sub: string): HTMLElement {
+    const btn = document.createElement("button");
+    btn.type = "button";
+    btn.className = `wt-choice${choice === "new" ? " wt-choice-new" : ""}`;
+    btn.dataset.kind = choice === "new" ? "new" : "existing";
+    if (choice !== "new") btn.dataset.cwd = choice;
+    btn.innerHTML = `
+      <span class="wt-choice-name">${escapeHtml(label)}</span>
+      <span class="wt-choice-sub">${escapeHtml(sub)}</span>`;
+    btn.addEventListener("click", () => applyWorktreeChoice(choice));
+    return btn;
   }
 
   function loadingRow(): HTMLElement {
@@ -546,6 +675,18 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
     return p;
   }
 
+  // ---- worktree: disclosure (#93), reuses the sidebar's folder-header ---
+  let advancedCollapsed = true;
+  function setAdvancedCollapsed(collapsed: boolean): void {
+    advancedCollapsed = collapsed;
+    wtToggle.setAttribute("aria-expanded", String(!collapsed));
+    wtCollapsible.hidden = collapsed;
+  }
+  function updateWtSummary(): void {
+    wtSummary.textContent = wtEnabled.checked ? "creates a worktree" : "no worktree";
+  }
+  wtToggle.addEventListener("click", () => setAdvancedCollapsed(!advancedCollapsed));
+
   // ---- worktree (branch-only; base_repo inferred via scan or /gitroot) --
   // The project scan already reports repo membership, so a picked project
   // resolves its base repo locally (#61); only the free-text escape hatch
@@ -626,6 +767,7 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
       // Publish the untick too, or the next render seeds the box checked with
       // no inferred repo and submitting fails.
       wtEnabled.checked = false;
+      updateWtSummary();
       emit();
       wtBody.hidden = true;
       wtHint.hidden = false;
@@ -699,6 +841,7 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
   branchSelect.addEventListener("change", () => emit());
 
   wtEnabled.addEventListener("change", () => {
+    updateWtSummary();
     emit();
     if (wtEnabled.checked) {
       resolveBaseRepo();
@@ -712,6 +855,7 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
   // The toggle defaults ON (#61): the operator almost always wants a
   // worktree, and every non-repo target unticks it via the gitroot probe.
   wtEnabled.checked = prefill.worktreeEnabled ?? true;
+  updateWtSummary();
   if (prefill.worktreeBranch) branchInput.value = prefill.worktreeBranch;
   setBranchMode(branchMode);
 
@@ -722,6 +866,43 @@ export function createSpawnForm(opts: SpawnFormOptions): SpawnFormHandle {
   // ---- live dir autocomplete on the raw cwd input (NAP-329) ------------
   const autocomplete = attachDirAutocomplete(cwdRaw);
 
+  // ---- Enter submits from anywhere (#97) --------------------------------
+  // A project-box/wt-choice that isn't yet the active pick takes the Enter to
+  // choose it instead; the next Enter, now that it's active, submits.
+  // dirAutocomplete's own Enter (accept the highlight) already preventDefaults
+  // when it handles the key, which the `e.defaultPrevented` guard defers to.
+  // The worktree checkbox keeps Enter as a toggle (TUI parity: `WorktreeToggle`
+  // does the same) rather than folding it into the blanket-submit rule below.
+  form.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
+    if (e.key !== "Enter" || e.defaultPrevented) return;
+    const target = e.target as HTMLElement;
+
+    if (target === wtEnabled) {
+      e.preventDefault();
+      wtEnabled.checked = !wtEnabled.checked;
+      wtEnabled.dispatchEvent(new Event("change"));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (target instanceof HTMLButtonElement) {
+      if (!target.classList.contains("project-box") && !target.classList.contains("wt-choice")) return;
+      e.preventDefault();
+      if (!target.classList.contains("is-active")) {
+        target.click();
+        return;
+      }
+      form.requestSubmit();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    e.preventDefault();
+    if (target === filterInput) {
+      const top = visibleGroups(filterInput.value)[0];
+      if (top && top.main.path !== selectedGroup?.main.path) selectProject(top);
+    }
+    form.requestSubmit();
+  });
+
   // ---- submit ----------------------------------------------------------
   form.addEventListener("submit", async (e) => {
     e.preventDefault();

web/src/spawnFormEnter.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+// Enter submits the draft form from any field, at any point (#97). The two
+// exceptions: a picker button that isn't yet the active choice takes the
+// Enter to *choose* it instead (the next Enter submits), and the project
+// filter must resolve to the highlighted project rather than sending
+// whatever cwd was already set.
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+import { createSpawnForm, type SpawnFormHandle } from "./spawnForm.js";
+import type { Project } from "./types.js";
+
+const MAESTRO: Project = {
+  path: "/home/user/tea/maestro",
+  name: "maestro",
+  is_worktree: false,
+  last_activity: "2026-08-20T10:00:00Z",
+};
+
+const WT_A: Project = {
+  path: "/home/user/tea/maestro/worktrees/bulgarians",
+  name: "bulgarians",
+  is_worktree: true,
+  base_repo: MAESTRO.path,
+  last_activity: "2026-08-22T10:00:00Z",
+};
+
+const OTHER: Project = {
+  path: "/home/user/tea/rev",
+  name: "rev",
+  is_worktree: false,
+  last_activity: "2026-08-19T10:00:00Z",
+};
+
+function stubFetch(projects: Project[]): void {
+  vi.stubGlobal(
+    "fetch",
+    vi.fn(async (input: RequestInfo | URL) => {
+      const url = String(input);
+      const body = url.includes("/api/projects")
+        ? projects
+        : url.includes("/api/names")
+          ? { names: ["amber-fox"] }
+          : url.includes("/api/branches")
+            ? []
+            : url.includes("/api/dirs")
+              ? { path: "/opt", entries: ["nomatch-zzz"], truncated: false }
+              : { hostname: "h", version: "0", home_dir: "/home/user", presets: [] };
+      return new Response(JSON.stringify(body), { status: 200 });
+    }),
+  );
+}
+
+describe("spawnForm Enter-to-submit (#97)", () => {
+  let handle: SpawnFormHandle | null = null;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers({ now: Date.parse("2026-08-23T12:00:00Z") });
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    handle?.destroy();
+    handle = null;
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  });
+
+  const drain = async () => {
+    for (let i = 0; i < 40; i++) await Promise.resolve();
+  };
+
+  async function mount(projects: Project[]): Promise<HTMLFormElement> {
+    stubFetch(projects);
+    handle = createSpawnForm({ onSuccess() {} });
+    document.body.appendChild(handle.el);
+    await drain();
+    return handle.el;
+  }
+
+  function submitSpy(): ReturnType<typeof vi.fn> {
+    return vi.fn();
+  }
+
+  function pressEnter(el: HTMLElement): { defaultPrevented: boolean } {
+    const evt = new KeyboardEvent("keydown", { key: "Enter", bubbles: true, cancelable: true });
+    el.dispatchEvent(evt);
+    return { defaultPrevented: evt.defaultPrevented };
+  }
+
+  const box = (form: HTMLFormElement, path: string) =>
+    form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(`.project-box[data-cwd="${path}"]`)!;
+
+  it("toggles the worktree checkbox on Enter instead of submitting (TUI parity)", async () => {
+    const form = await mount([MAESTRO]);
+    box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+    await drain();
+    const toggle = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=worktree_enabled]")!;
+    expect(toggle.checked).toBe(true);
+    const spy = submitSpy();
+    form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+    pressEnter(toggle);
+    expect(toggle.checked).toBe(false);
+    expect(spy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    pressEnter(toggle);
+    expect(toggle.checked).toBe(true);
+    expect(spy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  describe("submits immediately from ordinary fields", () => {
+    it("name field", async () => {
+      const form = await mount([MAESTRO]);
+      box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+      await drain();
+      const spy = submitSpy();
+      form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+      pressEnter(form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=name]")!);
+
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    });
+
+    it("worktree branch field", async () => {
+      const form = await mount([MAESTRO]);
+      box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+      await drain();
+      const spy = submitSpy();
+      form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+      pressEnter(form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=worktree_branch]")!);
+
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    });
+
+    it("custom command field", async () => {
+      const form = await mount([MAESTRO]);
+      box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+      await drain();
+      form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('.cmd-tiles .tile[data-id="custom"]')!.click();
+      const raw = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>(".cmd-raw")!;
+      raw.value = "bash -l";
+      raw.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
+      const spy = submitSpy();
+      form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+      pressEnter(raw);
+
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    });
+
+    it("raw cwd field once the autocomplete dropdown is closed", async () => {
+      const form = await mount([MAESTRO]);
+      form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-other")!.click();
+      const raw = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=cwd_raw]")!;
+      raw.value = "/opt/xyz-nothing-here";
+      raw.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
+      await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(300);
+      const spy = submitSpy();
+      form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+      pressEnter(raw);
+
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    });
+
+    it("does not submit while the raw cwd autocomplete has a highlighted suggestion", async () => {
+      const form = await mount([MAESTRO]);
+      form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-other")!.click();
+      const raw = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=cwd_raw]")!;
+      raw.focus();
+      raw.value = "/opt/";
+      raw.dispatchEvent(new Event("input", { bubbles: true }));
+      await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(150);
+      const spy = submitSpy();
+      form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+      const { defaultPrevented } = pressEnter(raw);
+
+      expect(defaultPrevented).toBe(true);
+      expect(spy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(raw.value).toBe("/opt/nomatch-zzz/");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("two-step picker: first Enter chooses, second submits", () => {
+    it("project box", async () => {
+      const form = await mount([MAESTRO]);
+      const b = box(form, MAESTRO.path);
+      b.focus();
+      const spy = submitSpy();
+      form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+      const first = pressEnter(b);
+      expect(first.defaultPrevented).toBe(true);
+      expect(b.classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(true);
+      expect(spy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+      pressEnter(b);
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    });
+
+    it("worktree choice", async () => {
+      const form = await mount([MAESTRO, WT_A]);
+      box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+      await drain();
+      const choice = form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(`.wt-choice[data-cwd="${WT_A.path}"]`)!;
+      expect(choice.classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(false); // "+ new" is the default
+      const spy = submitSpy();
+      form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+      pressEnter(choice);
+      expect(choice.classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(true);
+      expect(spy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+      pressEnter(choice);
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("project filter", () => {
+    it("submits with the highlighted (first matching) project, not the filter text", async () => {
+      const form = await mount([MAESTRO, OTHER]);
+      const filter = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>(".project-filter")!;
+      filter.value = "rev";
+      filter.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
+      const spy = submitSpy();
+      form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+      pressEnter(filter);
+
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(box(form, OTHER.path).classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it("does not clobber an already-chosen worktree when the filter still matches it", async () => {
+      const form = await mount([MAESTRO, WT_A]);
+      box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+      await drain();
+      form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(`.wt-choice[data-cwd="${WT_A.path}"]`)!.click();
+      await drain();
+
+      const filter = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>(".project-filter")!;
+      filter.value = "maestro";
+      filter.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
+      const spy = submitSpy();
+      form.addEventListener("submit", spy);
+
+      pressEnter(filter);
+
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(
+        form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(`.wt-choice[data-cwd="${WT_A.path}"]`)!.classList.contains(
+          "is-active",
+        ),
+      ).toBe(true);
+    });
+  });
+});

web/src/spawnFormPreset.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+import { createSpawnForm, type SpawnFormHandle, type SpawnFormValues } from "./spawnForm.js";
+
+/** Stubs fetch so `/api/info` only resolves once `resolveInfo()` is called —
+ * everything else (names, projects, gitroot) answers immediately with an
+ * empty/default body. Lets a test pick a preset (or type a custom command)
+ * mid-flight, then observe what the late `/api/info` resolution does to it. */
+function stubDeferredInfo(): { resolveInfo: () => void } {
+  let releaseInfo: () => void = () => {};
+  const infoGate = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+    releaseInfo = resolve;
+  });
+  vi.stubGlobal(
+    "fetch",
+    vi.fn(async (input: RequestInfo | URL) => {
+      const url = String(input);
+      if (url.includes("/api/info")) {
+        await infoGate;
+        return new Response(
+          JSON.stringify({
+            hostname: "h",
+            version: "0",
+            home_dir: "/home/user",
+            presets: [
+              { id: "claude", label: "Claude", command: "claude" },
+              { id: "fish", label: "Fish", command: "fish" },
+              { id: "custom", label: "Custom…", command: "" },
+            ],
+          }),
+          { status: 200 },
+        );
+      }
+      if (url.includes("/api/names")) {
+        return new Response(JSON.stringify({ names: ["amber-fox"] }), { status: 200 });
+      }
+      return new Response(JSON.stringify([]), { status: 200 });
+    }),
+  );
+  return { resolveInfo: releaseInfo };
+}
+
+describe("spawnForm preset selection vs. late /api/info (#76)", () => {
+  let handle: SpawnFormHandle | null = null;
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    handle?.destroy();
+    handle = null;
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  async function drain(): Promise<void> {
+    for (let i = 0; i < 40; i++) await Promise.resolve();
+  }
+
+  it("keeps an operator-picked tile after /api/info resolves late", async () => {
+    const { resolveInfo } = stubDeferredInfo();
+    let values: SpawnFormValues | undefined;
+    handle = createSpawnForm({ onChange: (v) => (values = v), onSuccess() {} });
+    const form = handle.el;
+    document.body.appendChild(form);
+    await drain();
+
+    // Fallback presets are up; the operator picks "zsh" before /api/info lands.
+    const zshTile = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".tile")].find(
+      (t) => t.dataset.id === "zsh",
+    )!;
+    zshTile.click();
+    expect(zshTile.classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(true);
+
+    // /api/info lands late with a preset list that doesn't even include "zsh".
+    resolveInfo();
+    await drain();
+
+    // The operator's pick must not be discarded back to the new list's first
+    // entry — `onChange` only starts firing once the initial load settles
+    // (`ready`), which happens right here, so this is the first place the
+    // published command is observable.
+    expect(values?.command).toBe("zsh");
+  });
+
+  it("keeps an operator-typed custom command after /api/info resolves late", async () => {
+    const { resolveInfo } = stubDeferredInfo();
+    let values: SpawnFormValues | undefined;
+    handle = createSpawnForm({ onChange: (v) => (values = v), onSuccess() {} });
+    const form = handle.el;
+    document.body.appendChild(form);
+    await drain();
+
+    const customTile = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".tile")].find(
+      (t) => t.dataset.id === "custom",
+    )!;
+    customTile.click();
+    const cmdRaw = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>(".cmd-raw")!;
+    cmdRaw.value = "htop";
+    cmdRaw.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
+
+    resolveInfo();
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(values?.command).toBe("htop");
+    expect(cmdRaw.value).toBe("htop");
+  });
+
+  it("still applies the real presets' first entry when the operator never touched the command", async () => {
+    const { resolveInfo } = stubDeferredInfo();
+    let values: SpawnFormValues | undefined;
+    handle = createSpawnForm({ onChange: (v) => (values = v), onSuccess() {} });
+    const form = handle.el;
+    document.body.appendChild(form);
+    await drain();
+
+    resolveInfo();
+    await drain();
+
+    // Untouched: the refined preset list is still free to settle the command.
+    expect(values?.command).toBe("claude");
+    const fishTile = [...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".tile")].find(
+      (t) => t.dataset.id === "fish",
+    );
+    expect(fishTile).toBeDefined();
+  });
+});

web/src/spawnFormProbe.test.ts

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ describe("spawnForm gitroot probe debounce (#74)", () => {
   it("a keystroke burst fires exactly one probe after the quiet period", async () => {
     const { form, stub } = await mount();
 
-    form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".project-row.project-other")!.click();
+    form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".project-other")!.click();
     // Burst: every keystroke reschedules; nothing may hit /api/gitroot yet.
     for (let i = 1; i <= "/opt/somewhere".length; i++) {
       typeRaw(form, "/opt/somewhere".slice(0, i));
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ describe("spawnForm gitroot probe debounce (#74)", () => {
   it("a stale probe answer cannot overwrite a newer input", async () => {
     const { form, stub } = await mount({ holdGitRootFor: ["/repo/old"] });
 
-    form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".project-row.project-other")!.click();
+    form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".project-other")!.click();
 
     // Probe for the old target, held in flight.
     typeRaw(form, "/repo/old");

web/src/spawnFormWorktree.test.ts

@@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ describe("spawnForm worktree defaults and branch picker (#61)", () => {
   };
 
   function pickProject(form: HTMLFormElement): void {
-    form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-row.project-other")!.click();
+    form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-other")!.click();
     form
-      .querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-row")
+      .querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-box")
-      .forEach((row) => row.dataset.cwd === "/home/user/maestro" && row.click());
+      .forEach((box) => box.dataset.cwd === "/home/user/maestro" && box.click());
   }
 
   it("defaults the worktree toggle on for a picked project with no gitroot probe", async () => {
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ describe("spawnForm worktree defaults and branch picker (#61)", () => {
     for (let i = 0; i < 40; i++) await Promise.resolve();
 
     handle.el
-      .querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-row")
+      .querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-box")
-      .forEach((row) => row.dataset.cwd === "/home/user/wt-91" && row.click());
+      .forEach((box) => box.dataset.cwd === "/home/user/wt-91" && box.click());
     await drain();
 
     expect(handle.el.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=worktree_enabled]")!.checked).toBe(
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ describe("spawnForm worktree defaults and branch picker (#61)", () => {
 
     // Escape hatch: switch to a free-text dir; only now does /api/gitroot
     // fire — debounced, so the quiet period must elapse first (#74).
-    form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".project-row.project-other")!.click();
+    form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".project-other")!.click();
     const raw = form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=cwd_raw]")!;
     raw.value = "/opt/somewhere";
     raw.dispatchEvent(new Event("input"));
@@ -180,6 +180,74 @@ describe("spawnForm worktree defaults and branch picker (#61)", () => {
     expect(modes.at(-1)).toBe("existing");
   });
 
+  it("labels the new-branch input and existing-branch picker distinctly (#94)", async () => {
+    const form = await mount();
+    pickProject(form);
+    await drain();
+
+    const newLabel = form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-new-wrap")!.textContent!.trim();
+    const existLabel = form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-exist-wrap")!.textContent!.trim();
+
+    expect(newLabel).not.toBe("Branch");
+    expect(existLabel).not.toBe("Branch");
+    expect(newLabel).not.toBe(existLabel);
+    expect(newLabel).toMatch(/name/i);
+    expect(existLabel).toMatch(/pick|choose|select/i);
+  });
+
+  it("collapses the advanced (worktree) section by default (#93)", async () => {
+    const form = await mount();
+    const toggle = form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".wt-toggle")!;
+    expect(toggle.getAttribute("aria-expanded")).toBe("false");
+    expect(form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-collapsible")!.hidden).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("states in the collapsed header that a worktree will be created by default (#93)", async () => {
+    const form = await mount();
+    expect(form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-summary")!.textContent).toMatch(/creates? a worktree/i);
+  });
+
+  it("states in the collapsed header that no worktree will be created for a worktree row (#91, #93)", async () => {
+    urls = stubFetch({
+      projects: [
+        {
+          path: "/home/user/wt-91",
+          name: "wt-91",
+          is_worktree: true,
+          base_repo: "/home/user/maestro",
+          last_activity: "2026-08-20T10:00:00Z",
+        },
+      ],
+    });
+    handle = createSpawnForm({ onSuccess() {} });
+    document.body.appendChild(handle.el);
+    for (let i = 0; i < 40; i++) await Promise.resolve();
+
+    handle.el
+      .querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-box")
+      .forEach((box) => box.dataset.cwd === "/home/user/wt-91" && box.click());
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(handle.el.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-summary")!.textContent).toMatch(/no worktree/i);
+    // Still collapsed — picking a project must not force it open.
+    expect(handle.el.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".wt-toggle")!.getAttribute("aria-expanded")).toBe(
+      "false",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("expanding the advanced section does not reorder the fields above it (#93)", async () => {
+    const form = await mount();
+    const before = [...form.querySelectorAll(".field")];
+
+    form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".wt-toggle")!.click();
+
+    expect(form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".wt-toggle")!.getAttribute("aria-expanded")).toBe(
+      "true",
+    );
+    expect(form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-collapsible")!.hidden).toBe(false);
+    expect([...form.querySelectorAll(".field")]).toStrictEqual(before);
+  });
+
   it("does not repopulate a destroyed form when the branch list lands late", async () => {
     const gate: { release?: () => void } = {};
     urls = stubFetch({ gateBranches: (r) => (gate.release = r) });

web/src/styles.css

@@ -727,10 +727,8 @@ textarea {
 }
 
 /* Earlier path segments collapse to their initial; the trailing segment (the
-   one that actually names the dir) stays full. Dim the collapsed prefix. Shared
+   one that actually names the dir) stays full. Dim the collapsed prefix. */
-   by the sidebar tree and the spawn dialog's recent-directory picker. */
+.folder-name .folder-stem {
-.folder-name .folder-stem,
-.recent-dir .folder-stem {
   color: var(--faint);
 }
 
@@ -1286,18 +1284,33 @@ textarea {
 .worktree {
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
   border-radius: var(--r-2);
-  padding: var(--sp-3);
+  padding: 0 var(--sp-3);
   margin: 0;
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
-  gap: var(--sp-3);
   background: color-mix(in oklab, var(--surface-2) 50%, transparent);
 }
 
-.worktree legend {
+.worktree .wt-toggle {
-  padding: 0 6px;
+  margin: 0 calc(var(--sp-3) * -1);
-  color: var(--ink);
+  padding-left: var(--sp-3);
-  font-size: var(--fs-13);
+  width: calc(100% + var(--sp-3) * 2);
+}
+
+.wt-summary {
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: var(--fs-12);
+}
+
+.wt-collapsible {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: var(--sp-3);
+  padding-bottom: var(--sp-3);
+}
+
+.wt-collapsible[hidden] {
+  display: none;
 }
 
 .form-error {
@@ -1381,8 +1394,9 @@ textarea {
   color: var(--muted);
 }
 
-/* Project picker rows (#59). Worktree rows are indented under their base
+/* Working-directory picker (#95). Two steps: a grid of project boxes, then the
-   repository; rows stale beyond 7 days are dimmed but still selectable. */
+   picked project's worktree choices. Stale beyond 7 days dims but stays
+   selectable. */
 .picker {
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
@@ -1397,73 +1411,155 @@ textarea {
   width: 100%;
 }
 
-.project-row {
+/* `display` from `.field`/`.raw-wrap` outranks the UA sheet's `[hidden]`, so
+   step two and the raw-cwd hatch stayed visible while hidden. */
+.wt-step[hidden],
+.raw-wrap[hidden] {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.picker.projects {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(190px, 1fr));
+  align-content: start;
+  gap: var(--sp-2);
+  max-height: 300px;
+  padding: 1px;
+}
+
+.project-box {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 2px;
+  min-width: 0;
+  padding: var(--sp-2) var(--sp-3);
+  background: var(--surface-2);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: var(--r-2);
+  color: var(--ink);
+  font-family: inherit;
+  text-align: left;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  transition:
+    border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),
+    background var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
+}
+
+.project-box:hover {
+  border-color: var(--border-strong);
+}
+
+.project-box.is-active {
+  border-color: var(--accent);
+  background: var(--accent-tint);
+}
+
+.project-box.is-stale {
+  opacity: 0.55;
+}
+
+.project-name {
+  font-size: var(--fs-13);
+  font-weight: 600;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+/* The whole path, never abbreviated — it is what tells two projects sharing a
+   basename apart. Wraps rather than truncating so none of it is hidden. */
+.project-path {
+  font-family: var(--font-mono);
+  font-size: var(--fs-12);
+  line-height: 1.35;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
+}
+
+.project-meta {
+  font-family: var(--font-mono);
+  font-size: var(--fs-12);
+  color: var(--faint);
+  overflow: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.project-meta:empty {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.project-other {
+  align-self: flex-start;
+  padding: 4px 0;
+  min-height: 30px;
+  background: none;
+  border: 0;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-family: inherit;
+  font-size: var(--fs-13);
+  font-style: italic;
+  text-align: left;
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.project-other:hover {
+  color: var(--ink);
+}
+
+/* Step two: "+ new" (create one) or an existing worktree (run in it). */
+.picker.wt-choices {
+  max-height: 200px;
+}
+
+.wt-choice {
   display: flex;
   align-items: baseline;
   justify-content: space-between;
   gap: var(--sp-3);
+  min-height: 32px;
   padding: 6px var(--sp-3);
   background: var(--surface-2);
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
   border-radius: var(--r-2);
   color: var(--ink);
   font-family: inherit;
-  cursor: pointer;
   text-align: left;
+  cursor: pointer;
   transition:
     border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out),
     background var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out);
 }
 
-.project-row:hover {
+.wt-choice:hover {
   border-color: var(--border-strong);
 }
 
-.project-row.is-active {
+.wt-choice.is-active {
   border-color: var(--accent);
   background: var(--accent-tint);
 }
 
-.project-row.is-worktree {
+.wt-choice-name {
-  margin-left: var(--sp-4);
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
-}
-
-.project-row.is-stale {
-  opacity: 0.55;
-}
-
-.project-info {
-  display: flex;
-  align-items: baseline;
-  gap: var(--sp-2);
-  min-width: 0;
-}
-
-.project-name {
   font-size: var(--fs-13);
   font-weight: 600;
   white-space: nowrap;
 }
 
-.recent-dir {
+.wt-choice-new .wt-choice-name {
   font-family: var(--font-mono);
-  font-size: var(--fs-12);
+  color: var(--accent);
-  color: var(--muted);
-  overflow: hidden;
-  text-overflow: ellipsis;
-  white-space: nowrap;
 }
 
-.recent-cmd {
+.wt-choice-sub {
-  flex: 0 0 auto;
+  min-width: 0;
   font-family: var(--font-mono);
   font-size: var(--fs-12);
+  line-height: 1.35;
   color: var(--muted);
-}
+  text-align: right;
-
+  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
-.project-other .recent-dir {
-  font-family: inherit;
-  font-style: italic;
 }
 
 .picker-empty {

web/src/tree.test.ts

@@ -95,3 +95,59 @@ describe("mergeLinear", () => {
     expect(merged.path).toBe("a/b");
   });
 });
+
+describe("worktree sessions group under their repository (#99)", () => {
+  /** A session the daemon spawned into a worktree of `repo`. */
+  function worktreeSession(id: string, repo: string, wt: string): Session {
+    return { ...session(id, wt), worktree: { path: wt, base_repo: repo } } as Session;
+  }
+
+  /** Top-level folder names, after linear chains are collapsed. */
+  function topFolders(root: TreeFolder): string[] {
+    return root.children.filter((c) => c.kind === "folder").map((c) => (c as TreeFolder).name);
+  }
+
+  it("nests under the repo, not the worktree directory", () => {
+    const root = buildTree(
+      [
+        worktreeSession(
+          "a",
+          "/home/n/tea/agent-skills",
+          "/home/n/tea/agent-skills/worktrees/largo-clarinet",
+        ),
+      ],
+      "/home/n",
+      "",
+    ) as TreeFolder;
+
+    expect(topFolders(root)).toEqual(["~/tea/agent-skills"]);
+    const repo = root.children[0] as TreeFolder;
+    expect(repo.children).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(repo.children[0].kind).toBe("leaf");
+  });
+
+  it("puts a repo's plain and worktree sessions side by side", () => {
+    const root = buildTree(
+      [
+        session("plain", "/home/n/tea/agent-skills"),
+        worktreeSession(
+          "wt",
+          "/home/n/tea/agent-skills",
+          "/home/n/tea/agent-skills/worktrees/largo-clarinet",
+        ),
+      ],
+      "/home/n",
+      "",
+    ) as TreeFolder;
+
+    expect(topFolders(root)).toEqual(["~/tea/agent-skills"]);
+    const repo = root.children[0] as TreeFolder;
+    expect(repo.children).toHaveLength(2);
+    expect(repo.children.every((c) => c.kind === "leaf")).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("leaves a session without a worktree where it is", () => {
+    const root = buildTree([session("a", "/home/n/tea/arr")], "/home/n", "") as TreeFolder;
+    expect(topFolders(root)).toEqual(["~/tea/arr"]);
+  });
+});

web/src/tree.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // so it can be tested directly.
 
 import type { Session } from "./types.js";
-import { abbreviateCwd, sessionCwd, sessionName } from "./types.js";
+import { abbreviateCwd, sessionName, sessionTreePath } from "./types.js";
 
 export interface TreeFolder {
   kind: "folder";
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ export function buildTree(sessions: Session[], home: string | undefined, filter:
   const lc = filter.trim().toLowerCase();
 
   for (const s of sessions) {
-    const cwd = sessionCwd(s);
+    // Grouped by repository, so a worktree session lands under its repo
+    // rather than in a folder of its own (#99).
+    const cwd = sessionTreePath(s);
     const dir = cwd ? abbreviateCwd(cwd, home) : "";
     if (lc) {
       const haystack = `${sessionName(s)} ${dir}`.toLowerCase();

web/src/types.ts

@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ export type IsoTimestamp = string;
 export type SessionStatus = "Running" | "Dead";
 
 /** Daemon-inferred activity dimension, orthogonal to `SessionStatus` (NAP-340).
- * Absent on payloads from daemons that predate the field. */
+ * Absent on payloads from daemons that predate the field. `Error` is only set
-export type ActivityState = "Active" | "Idle" | "AwaitingInput";
+ * when an agent reports failure (#105); the daemon never infers it. */
+export type ActivityState = "Active" | "Idle" | "AwaitingInput" | "Error";
 
 export interface Session {
   id: Uuid;
@@ -27,6 +28,11 @@ export interface Session {
   activity?: ActivityState;
   /** Wall-clock of the most recent observed PTY output (NAP-340). */
   last_activity_at?: IsoTimestamp;
+  /** Wall-clock of when the session entered its current `activity` state
+   * (#102) — distinct from `last_activity_at`, which only tracks PTY output.
+   * Defaults to the Unix epoch on payloads from daemons that predate the
+   * field. */
+  activity_since?: IsoTimestamp;
   /** The pane's *current* working directory, as the daemon's activity watcher
    * observed it (`#{pane_current_path}`) — distinct from `cwd` (the spawn dir).
    * Drives the directory-based session tree. Absent until first observed. */
@@ -36,6 +42,16 @@ export interface Session {
    * without a worktree; all counts default to 0 on the wire for older
    * daemons. */
   blocked_work?: InTheWay | null;
+  /** The worktree the daemon created for this session, absent when it did not
+   * create one. `base_repo` is the repository's main checkout, which is what
+   * the session tree groups by (#99). */
+  worktree?: SessionWorktree | null;
+}
+
+/** A session's daemon-created worktree (`SessionWorktree` on the wire). */
+export interface SessionWorktree {
+  path: string;
+  base_repo: string;
 }
 
 /** One directory's immediate subdirectories (NAP-329). */
@@ -231,12 +247,23 @@ export function sessionName(s: Session): string {
 }
 
 /** The directory a session lives in: its live `current_cwd` if the daemon has
- * observed one, else the spawn `cwd`. Drives the directory-based session tree. */
+ * observed one, else the spawn `cwd`. */
 export function sessionCwd(s: Session): string | undefined {
   if (typeof s.current_cwd === "string" && s.current_cwd) return s.current_cwd;
   return s.cwd || undefined;
 }
 
+/** Where a session sits in the directory tree. A worktree session belongs to
+ * its repository, not to the worktree (#99): otherwise `~/tea/agent-skills`
+ * grows a `~/tea/agent-skills/worktrees/largo-clarinet` folder holding one
+ * session of the same name, and the repository stops being where you look for
+ * the work. `base_repo` is the main checkout — the daemon resolves it. */
+export function sessionTreePath(s: Session): string | undefined {
+  const repo = s.worktree?.base_repo;
+  if (typeof repo === "string" && repo) return repo;
+  return sessionCwd(s);
+}
+
 /** Collapse a daemon's home dir to `~`. `home` comes from `DaemonInfo.home_dir`;
  * absent/empty leaves the path untouched. Mirrors the CLI's `abbreviate_dir`. */
 export function abbreviateCwd(cwd: string, home?: string): string {

web/src/worktreeStep.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+// Second step of the working-directory picker (#95). See the interaction rules
+// block in spawnForm.ts for what each choice means.
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+import { createSpawnForm, type SpawnFormHandle, type SpawnFormValues } from "./spawnForm.js";
+import type { Project } from "./types.js";
+
+const MAESTRO: Project = {
+  path: "/home/user/tea/maestro",
+  name: "maestro",
+  is_worktree: false,
+  last_activity: "2026-08-20T10:00:00Z",
+  last_command: "claude",
+};
+
+const WT_A: Project = {
+  path: "/home/user/tea/maestro/worktrees/bulgarians",
+  name: "bulgarians",
+  is_worktree: true,
+  base_repo: MAESTRO.path,
+  last_activity: "2026-08-22T10:00:00Z",
+};
+
+const WT_B: Project = {
+  path: "/home/user/tea/maestro/worktrees/spawn-v2",
+  name: "spawn-v2",
+  is_worktree: true,
+  base_repo: MAESTRO.path,
+  last_activity: "2026-08-21T10:00:00Z",
+};
+
+const OTHER: Project = {
+  path: "/home/user/tea/rev",
+  name: "rev",
+  is_worktree: false,
+  last_activity: "2026-08-19T10:00:00Z",
+};
+
+function stubFetch(projects: Project[]): string[] {
+  const urls: string[] = [];
+  vi.stubGlobal(
+    "fetch",
+    vi.fn(async (input: RequestInfo | URL) => {
+      const url = String(input);
+      urls.push(url);
+      const body = url.includes("/api/projects")
+        ? projects
+        : url.includes("/api/names")
+          ? { names: ["amber-fox"] }
+          : url.includes("/api/branches")
+            ? []
+            : { hostname: "h", version: "0", home_dir: "/home/user", presets: [] };
+      return new Response(JSON.stringify(body), { status: 200 });
+    }),
+  );
+  return urls;
+}
+
+describe("spawnForm worktree step (#95)", () => {
+  let handle: SpawnFormHandle | null = null;
+  let urls: string[] = [];
+  let changes: SpawnFormValues[] = [];
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers({ now: Date.parse("2026-08-23T12:00:00Z") });
+    changes = [];
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    handle?.destroy();
+    handle = null;
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  });
+
+  const drain = async () => {
+    for (let i = 0; i < 40; i++) await Promise.resolve();
+  };
+
+  async function mount(projects: Project[]): Promise<HTMLFormElement> {
+    urls = stubFetch(projects);
+    handle = createSpawnForm({ onSuccess() {}, onChange: (v) => changes.push(v) });
+    document.body.appendChild(handle.el);
+    await drain();
+    return handle.el;
+  }
+
+  const step = (form: HTMLFormElement) => form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-step")!;
+  const choices = (form: HTMLFormElement) => [
+    ...form.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>(".wt-choice"),
+  ];
+  const activeChoice = (form: HTMLFormElement) =>
+    form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".wt-choice.is-active");
+  const box = (form: HTMLFormElement, path: string) =>
+    form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(`.project-box[data-cwd="${path}"]`)!;
+  const toggle = (form: HTMLFormElement) =>
+    form.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>("input[name=worktree_enabled]")!;
+
+  it("hides the worktree step until a project is picked", async () => {
+    const form = await mount([MAESTRO, WT_A]);
+    expect(step(form).hidden).toBe(true);
+    expect(choices(form)).toEqual([]);
+
+    box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(step(form).hidden).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("lists '+ new' first and selected by default, then the project's worktrees", async () => {
+    const form = await mount([MAESTRO, WT_A, WT_B]);
+    box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+    await drain();
+
+    const labels = choices(form).map((c) => c.querySelector(".wt-choice-name")!.textContent);
+    expect(labels).toEqual(["+ new", "bulgarians", "spawn-v2"]);
+    expect(activeChoice(form)!.dataset.kind).toBe("new");
+  });
+
+  it("taking the '+ new' default runs in the repo with the create toggle on", async () => {
+    const form = await mount([MAESTRO, WT_A]);
+    box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.cwd).toBe(MAESTRO.path);
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.worktreeEnabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(toggle(form).checked).toBe(true);
+    expect(form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-repo")!.textContent).toContain(MAESTRO.path);
+    // The scan already knows the repo — no probe.
+    expect(urls.some((u) => u.includes("/api/gitroot"))).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("picking an existing worktree runs in it with the create toggle off (#91)", async () => {
+    const form = await mount([MAESTRO, WT_A, WT_B]);
+    box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+    await drain();
+
+    const existing = choices(form).find((c) => c.dataset.cwd === WT_A.path)!;
+    existing.click();
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.cwd).toBe(WT_A.path);
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.worktreeEnabled).toBe(false);
+    expect(toggle(form).checked).toBe(false);
+    expect(form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-body")!.hidden).toBe(true);
+    expect(existing.classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(true);
+    // Still no probe: the scan reported this worktree's repo membership.
+    expect(urls.some((u) => u.includes("/api/gitroot"))).toBe(false);
+    // The project box stays marked — it is what the worktree list belongs to.
+    expect(box(form, MAESTRO.path).classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("switching back to '+ new' re-enables the create toggle", async () => {
+    const form = await mount([MAESTRO, WT_A]);
+    box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+    await drain();
+    choices(form)
+      .find((c) => c.dataset.cwd === WT_A.path)!
+      .click();
+    await drain();
+
+    choices(form)
+      .find((c) => c.dataset.kind === "new")!
+      .click();
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.cwd).toBe(MAESTRO.path);
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.worktreeEnabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(toggle(form).checked).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("repopulates and resets to '+ new' when another project is picked", async () => {
+    const form = await mount([MAESTRO, WT_A, OTHER]);
+    box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+    await drain();
+    choices(form)
+      .find((c) => c.dataset.cwd === WT_A.path)!
+      .click();
+    await drain();
+
+    box(form, OTHER.path).click();
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(choices(form).map((c) => c.dataset.kind)).toEqual(["new"]);
+    expect(activeChoice(form)!.dataset.kind).toBe("new");
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.cwd).toBe(OTHER.path);
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.worktreeEnabled).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("defaults to the worktree itself when the box is a linked worktree (#91)", async () => {
+    // No main checkout in the scan, so the orphan worktree is its own box.
+    const form = await mount([WT_A]);
+    box(form, WT_A.path).click();
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(activeChoice(form)!.dataset.cwd).toBe(WT_A.path);
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.cwd).toBe(WT_A.path);
+    expect(changes.at(-1)!.worktreeEnabled).toBe(false);
+    expect(toggle(form).checked).toBe(false);
+    expect(form.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".wt-body")!.hidden).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("hides the worktree step again when the operator takes the raw-input hatch", async () => {
+    const form = await mount([MAESTRO, WT_A]);
+    box(form, MAESTRO.path).click();
+    await drain();
+    expect(step(form).hidden).toBe(false);
+
+    form.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(".project-other")!.click();
+    await drain();
+
+    expect(step(form).hidden).toBe(true);
+    expect(choices(form)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(form.querySelector(".project-box.is-active")).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it("restores the picked worktree from a draft seed", async () => {
+    urls = stubFetch([MAESTRO, WT_A, WT_B]);
+    handle = createSpawnForm({
+      onSuccess() {},
+      seed: { cwd: WT_A.path, cwdRawVisible: false, worktreeEnabled: false },
+    });
+    document.body.appendChild(handle.el);
+    await drain();
+    const form = handle.el;
+
+    expect(step(form).hidden).toBe(false);
+    expect(activeChoice(form)!.dataset.cwd).toBe(WT_A.path);
+    expect(box(form, MAESTRO.path).classList.contains("is-active")).toBe(true);
+    expect(toggle(form).checked).toBe(false);
+  });
+});